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Biomedical subjects

T Bates

Publications and source records attributed to T Bates.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Response of breast carcinoma to endocrine therapy predicted using immunostained pelleted fine needle aspirates.

Fine needle aspirates from 82 patients with breast carcinoma were fixed in methacarn, double embedded in agar or gelatin, and then in paraffin wax. Sequential sections were stained with monoclonal antibodies to the oestrogen receptor-related protein P29 (antibody D5), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and cytokeratin (CAM 5.2). Sixty-one of 82 (74%) aspirates provided sections suitable for immunostaining. Twenty-six (43%) were D5 positive, 23 (38%) CEA positive, 59 (97%) EMA positive, and 54 (89%) CAM 5.2 positive. Twenty-six of these patients were treated with some form of endocrine therapy. Twelve (46%) showed positive staining for D5. Eleven (92%) of the 12 D5-positive patients responded or had static disease, and 8% progressed. Of the 14 D5-negative tumours 43% responded or remained static, and 57% progressed. The difference in response between the D5-positive and the D5-negative tumours was significant (P less than 0.05, Fisher's exact test). There was no correlation between staining for CEA, EMA or cytokeratin and response to endocrine therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Advanced breast cancer. A randomised trial of epidoxorubicin at two different dosages and two administration systems.

Sixty-two women with advanced breast cancer have been entered into a randomised trial comparing bolus injection with 24-h infusion of epirubicin given as a dose of either 20 mg or 40 mg weekly, of which 57 patients are eligible for analysis. Bolus injection proved significantly more successful than prolonged infusion in response rate, time to first event and survival. No significant differences appeared between the two doses using these measures, however 40 mg weekly was significantly more toxic than 20 mg weekly. Epirubicin given as a weekly 20 mg bolus injection appears both effective and relatively free from toxicity.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Failure of kindling to alter susceptibility to kainic acid.

In this study, the interaction between electrical kindling and kainic acid seizures was investigated. Prepubescent male rats were kindled using hourly, suprathreshold stimulations. Two days later the kindled rats and their non-kindled controls received systemic injections of either 6, 10, or 17 mg/kg of kainic acid. No differences in response to kainic acid were seen between the two groups. These data demonstrate that the kindled brain does not uniformly exhibit a lower seizure threshold to all convulsants, but is dependent on the agents subsequently used to induce the seizures.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Breast cyst type does not predict the natural history of cyst disease or breast cancer risk.

The sodium (Na) and potassium (K) concentrations were measured in the fluid of 169 breast cysts aspirated from 101 consecutive patients presenting to a single clinic. The Na/K ratio was used to define cysts as either apocrine (Na/K less than 3) or flattened (Na/K less than 3) in type. There was no consistency in the type of cyst for individual patients. Cyst type was not predictive of further cyst development, neither was a particular cyst type associated with the development of, or a history of, breast cancer.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Simplifying infusion chemotherapy: preliminary communication.

A low-intervention policy for Hickman catheter maintenance has been evaluated and found to be safe and cost effective. A simple, lightweight, disposable device has been used for 24-hour ambulatory home infusion. Implementation of this policy as part of a prospective randomized trial of single-agent chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer has demonstrated that slow intravenous infusion reduces the acute toxicity of epirubicin when compared with bolus injection.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

A preliminary study of low-dose splenic irradiation for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic and prolymphocytic leukaemias.

21 patients, 18 with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and 3 with prolymphocytic leukaemia (PLL), all B-lymphocyte origin and with progressive disease, were treated with a regime of low-dose splenic irradiation (SI). All patients experienced a rapid relief of disease-related symptoms. Following SI the total lymphocyte count (TLC) was markedly reduced in 18 patients. Partial to complete regression of splenomegaly occurred in 9 patients. Pre-existing anaemia of production failure type improved in 6 patients and as a result the haemoglobin rose to normal or near normal levels. SI caused the loss of T-, B- and Null-lymphocytes, but the loss of B-lymphocytes predominated. CLL/PLL became quiescent for long periods in 9 patients (CLL = 8; PLL = 1) but remained progressive in the other 9, all CLL. SI had no demonstrable effects on TLC, splenomegaly or anaemia in the 3 remaining patients (2 CLL, 1 PLL). The treatment was well tolerated by all, and side effects were almost absent. Transient reduction of neutrophils and platelets occurred commonly. No patient with initially normal neutrophil and platelet counts developed irreversible neutropenia or thrombocytopenia. In view of these effects, the ease of administration and the lack of side effects, further evaluation of low-dose SI, particularly in comparison with other regimes, seems worthwhile.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Oral pemoline kinetics in hyperactive children.

The time course of pemoline in plasma was investigated in seven prepubescent boys with attention-deficit disorders who were hyperactive. Maximum plasma concentrations of 4.3 +/- 1.0 mg/L were reached 2.8 +/- 1.8 hours after a single, 2 mg/kg oral dose of pemoline, followed by a monoexponential decline in plasma concentration over time. Mean t1/2 and total body clearance of pemoline were 8.6 hours and 0.65 ml/min/kg. The 600% interindividual variation in elimination t1/2 and the 300% variation in total body clearance of pemoline may explain the unpredictable nature of its dynamics and associated neurotoxicity in some cases.

Absorption↗
PubMed1979

Combination of radiotherapy and razoxane (ICRF 159) for chondrosarcoma.

Eight patients with 12 chondrosarcomas were treated with radiation and razoxane (ICRF 159). Two tumors in 1 patient progressed unequivocally, 3 tumors in 3 patients showed no change, and 7 tumors in 5 patients had complete or partial (more than 50%) regressions. At least 2 complete regressions have responded for more than 2 1/2 years at the present time.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cholecystokinin and secretin prevent the intestinal mucosal hypoplasia of total parenteral nutrition in the dog.

Because the pancreas undergoes involutional changes during total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and because pancreatico-biliary secretions are trophic to the intestine, we studied jejunal and ileal structure and function and exocrine pancreatic function before and after 6 weeks of TPN in two groups of beagle dogs, one of which had TPN alone, the other having TPN plus daily stimulation of pancreatico-biliary secretions with intravenous infusions of cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin. The injections of 1 U each per kg of body weight per day of CCK and secretin completely prevented the proximal and distal small bowel mucosal hypoplasia which developed in the TPN alone group. They also resulted in significant increases in in vivo galactose absorption (64 mM) per unit length of jejunum and ileum. However, there was no significant change in mucosal alpha-glucosidase and catalase activity or in in vitro mucosal uptake of 1 mM [14C]leucine when expressed per unit weight of intestinal mucosa. The capacity of the pancreas to respond to CCK and secretin was unaffected by excluding food from the intestine with 6 weeks of TPN in terms of pH, volume, and peak secretion rates of bicarbonate and protein, but maximum amylase output (units per 15 min per kg of body weight) fell significantly (P less than 0.05) from a mean of 1022 +/- 155 to 874 +/- 426 in TPN alone group and to 472 +/- 79 in the TPN dogs given CCK and secretin. These results show that daily CCK and secretin is trophic to the intestine of dogs nourished by TPN but do not indicate whether this trophic effect is attributable to CCK alone, secretin alone, the combination of the two hormones, or to the resultant stimulation of pancreatico-biliary secretions.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

A controlled trial of drainage after cholecystectomy.

A prospective controlled trial of drainage after cholecystectomy has been carried out. In a consecutive series of 143 patients undergoing cholecystectomy, 50 patients were randomly allocated to a drainage group and a further 50 patients to a non-drainage group. The remaining 43 patients were drained electively because the common bile duct was explored or because of infection or incomplete haemostasis. There was no significant difference in the incidence of wound infection or other complications between the drainage and the non-drainage groups. The duration of postoperative pyrexia, the number of analgesic injections and the length of postoperative hospital stay were the same in both the randomized groups. One patient in the randomized drainage group had a reactionary haemorrhage from the drain site requiring transfusion. There was no mortality but one patient in the elective drainage group had to be re-explored for a subhepatic abscess. Three patients in this group drained bile from the drain for 3-9 days but all had a T tube in place. This trial fails to demonstrate any advantage or disadvantage in draining the gallbladder bed after cholecystectomy.

Adult↗