Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Bandoh

Publications and source records attributed to T Bandoh.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Inhibitory effects of fluvastatin, a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, on the increase in vascular ACE activity in cholesterol-fed rabbits.

1. The effects of fluvastatin, a new 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, on the vascular angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in hyperlipidaemic rabbits were compared with those of enalapril, an ACE inhibitor. 2. Rabbits were fed a 1.5% cholesterol containing diet or normal diet for 16 weeks and treated with either fluvastatin or enalapril in the diet at the respective doses of 2 and 10 mg kg-1 day-1. The total cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid levels in serum were significantly increased in rabbits fed the high cholesterol diet. Treatment with fluvastatin but not enalapril resulted in a decrease in serum lipids. 3. The vascular ACE activities assessed via the cleavage rate from synthetic substrate in the aortic arches and upper thoracic aortae were increased by 8 to 10 times when the rabbits were made hyperlipidaemic. Fluvastatin as well as enalapril significantly lowered the tissue ACE in the aortae. 4. The ACE activities in serum did not alter in hyperlipidaemic rabbits either in the presence or absence of fluvastatin. The serum ACE activity was lowered by enalapril. 5. The lipid peroxide in serum as well as the plaque area in the thoracic aorta was significantly increased in the cholesterol diet-fed rabbits. Treatment with fluvastatin or enalapril reduced both serum lipid peroxide and plaque formation. The relaxant responses to acetylcoholine (ACh) were significantly suppressed in the cholesterol-fed rabbits. Treatment with fluvastatin or enalapril significantly reversed the suppression of ACh-induced relaxation. 6. It seems that the reduction of vascular ACE is not coupled to lipids and ACE activity in serum, but rather to lipid peroxidation. Thus, the decrease in vascular ACE activity by fluvastatin as well as the lipid-lowering effect may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis progression in the vasculature.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Increased activity of vascular ACE related to atherosclerotic lesions in hyperlipidemic rabbits.

The relationship between vascular angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in the aorta and atherosclerotic lesions was investigated in rabbits fed two atherogenic diets, 0.5 and 1.5% cholesterol, for 17 wk. Tissue ACE activity was assessed by the cleavage rate of hippuric acid from a synthetic substrate. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids in the serum were significantly increased by the diet. Vascular ACE activity in the femoral artery, abdominal aorta, and aortic arch was significantly increased (2-5 times) by the atherogenic diet in a high-cholesterol-related manner compared with the rabbits fed a normal diet. The increase was associated with vascular heterogeneity of regions. There was a significant correlation between plaque area and vascular ACE activity in the aortic arch isolated from rabbits fed the higher (1.5%)-cholesterol diet. Contractile responses of the femoral artery to angiotensin I and II in the atherogenic diet-fed rabbits did not differ from those in animals fed the normal diet. It is conceivable that increased ACE in the vascular walls is involved in hyperlipidemia-induced atherogenesis, presumably through production of growth or stimulating factor(s) contributing to plaque formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Laparoscopic splenectomy.

Laparoscopic splenectomy was carried out for the treatment of patients with splenic disorders; 20 idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, 1 hamartoma and 3 hereditary spherocytosis. With the patients in the right lateral position, four trocars were used. Under CO2 pneumoperitoneum with a pressure of 10 mmHg, the surrounding ligaments were divided with electrocautery. At the splenic hilum, the splenic artery and vein were exposed using ultrasonic dissector. After double ligation of these vessels, the spleen was dissected with an autostapler. The resected spleen contained in a nylon bag was fragmented with finger-fracture method and extracted through a port site extended up 2 or 3 cm in length. All the patients tolerated the procedure and no blood transfusion was required. Laparoscopic splenectomy is the preferred choice to resect the spleen because of the short hospital stay, less pain and good cosmesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Hemodynamic and arterial blood gas changes during carbon dioxide and helium pneumoperitoneum in pigs.

The effects of pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide and helium on systemic hemodynamics and arterial blood gases were investigated in pigs in an attempt to clarify the mechanisms by which pneumoperitoneum may induce organ dysfunction. A total of 16 anesthetized female pigs underwent pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide or helium (n = 8 each) in a stepwise fashion to intraabdominal pressures of 8, 10, 12, 16, and 20 mmHg. Changes in cardiac output; renal and hepatic blood flow; mean arterial, mean pulmonary arterial, mean pulmonary arterial wedge, inferior vena caval, and portal venous pressures; and total peripheral resistance were measured. Arterial blood samples were obtained at the same time the above parameters were determined. Urine volume was measured as an indicator of renal function. Pneumoperitoneum with either carbon dioxide or helium significantly increased venous pressures and simultaneously decreased cardiac output. These changes were associated with decreases in organ blood flow due to increased peripheral resistance. Urinary output was reduced to a similar degree in the two groups. Blood gas analysis revealed pneumoperitoneum-induced metabolic acidosis in both groups, although hypercapnia was observed only in the carbon dioxide group. These findings suggest that pneumoperitoneum-related organ dysfunction may be due to increased intraperitoneal pressure rather than to hypercapnia.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1995

The role of glucagon in the gastric hyperdynamic circulation of cirrhotic portal hypertensive rats.

The role of glucagon as a mediator of gastric hyperdynamic circulation, induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), was assessed in cirrhotic rats. A selective elimination of pancreatic glucagon from the circulation was achieved by the intravenous infusion of a glucagon antiserum. Gastric blood flow was measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry. The glucagon antiserum had no effect on the blood flow in the stomach in control rats, while in cirrhotic portal hypertensive rats, the glucagon antiserum significantly reduced gastric blood flow (30%). The glucagon antiserum did not completely exclude the gastric hyperdynamic state in the cirrhotic rats. It would thus appear that glucagon contributes to a portion of the gastric hyperdynamic circulation associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Laparoscopic approaches in the management of patients with early gastric carcinomas.

In eight Japanese patients, three different laparoscopic procedures were used to excise an early gastric carcinoma; partial resection in four, intragastric resection of the gastric mucosa in two, and laparoscopic-assisted distal partial gastrectomy with the abdominal wall-elevating method in two patients. Histological examinations revealed that the lesions were completely resected, and there was no evidence of lymphatic metastasis. The operation time ranged from 2 to 4 h. These forms of laparoscopic gastric surgery for patients with early gastric carcinomas may be useful from the standpoint of minimal access, rapid recovery, less pain, and good cosmesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Clinical significance of esophageal variceal pressure in patients with esophageal varices.

In 40 patients with esophageal varices, esophageal variceal pressure was assessed endoscopically using a pneumatic pressure sensor. The effects of vasopressin or nitroglycerin on variceal pressure and endoscopic findings were also assessed in two groups of seven patients. The results were as follows: (1) Variceal pressure was increased above 250 mmH2O in all patients who had bled, and the mean variceal pressure was significantly higher in patients who had bled than in those who had not (301 +/- 47 vs. 230 +/- 58 mmH2O respectively, p < 0.001). (2) Variceal pressure correlated with endoscopic findings, determined using the criteria of the Japanese Research Society for Portal Hypertension. It was significantly higher when varices with a feature of F2-F3 or RC(+2)-RC(+3) were compared to those with a feature of F1 or RC(-)-RC(+), respectively. (3) Both groups given vasopressin or nitroglycerin had significant reductions in variceal pressure; however, there was little improvement in endoscopic findings in those given nitroglycerin, compared to the improvement in those given vasopressin. Thus, use of a pneumatic pressure sensor proved to be a pertinent tool for assessing esophageal varices, along with endoscopic signs.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Submucosal tumors of the stomach: a study of 100 operative cases.

BACKGROUND: Mass screening for gastric cancer has been established in Japan, and asymptomatic submucosal tumors are often detected. This retrospective study was made to evaluate the proper surgical management of malignant submucosal tumors of the stomach. METHODS: One hundred submucosal tumors of the stomach were surgically resected, irrespective of symptoms and size. Up to 45% of these tumors, including 44 myogenic lesions, 23 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and 11 schwannomas, proved malignant. Myogenic sarcomas were classified in low and high grades according to mitotic rates, cellularity, and pleomorphism. RESULTS: Thirty-five of 55 benign tumors and four of nine low-grade sarcomas underwent enucleation only, without recurrence. The remaining five low-grade and 11 high-grade sarcomas were treated by radical gastrectomy; the 5-year survival was 100% for the former and 80% for the latter. Eighteen patients with lymphomas underwent total or subtotal gastrectomy, and three patients underwent noncurative resection; the 5-year survival rates were 54.2% and 0%, respectively, with a clear significant difference (p < 0.001). Adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly superior to surgery alone (p < 0.05). Other factors did not affect survival of lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS: With these observations, we believe that following the patients with submucosal tumor without surgery is not reasonable. Enucleation will suffice for low-grade sarcomas and benign tumors; high-grade sarcomas can be well treated by gastrectomy. Total or subtotal gastrectomy with systematic lymph node dissection when performed for cure can provide good results for resectable lymphomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[An autopsy case of dermatomyositis associated with interstitial pneumonia probably due to cytomegalovirus infection].

An autopsy case of dermatomyositis (DM) associated with interstitial pneumonia probably due to cytomegalovirus infection is reported. After corticosteroid therapy for 1 month, a 79-year-old man with DM developed acute respiratory failure due to interstitial pneumonia and died in spite of intensive respiratory care. By polymerase chain reaction method (PCR), DNA of cytomegalovirus (CMV) was detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). CMV was also detected by the method of conventional virus culture from BALF. These findings suggested that initial infection or reactivation of CMV had occurred in the lungs. The autopsy specimen revealed the findings of interstitial pneumonia compatible with CMV pneumonitis, but without the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies. Although the present case of interstitial pneumonia should not strictly be diagnosed as definite CMV pneumonitis without the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies in the lung tissue, initial infection or reactivation of CMV in the lungs may have contributed to the pathogenesis of interstitial pneumonia. In other cases of collagen vascular disease associated with interstitial pneumonia, CMV or other viruses may contribute to the pathogenesis of interstitial pneumonia.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Total gastrectomy for gastric cancer in the elderly.

Of 1070 patients with gastric cancers, 292 patients underwent total gastrectomy during 13 years. Sixty patients were more than 70 years of age and 232 were under 69 years. The incidence of well-differentiated carcinomas and poorly differentiated carcinomas was the same in the elderly patients, whereas the latter was dominant in the young patients. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding location, size, macroscopic patterns, extent of lymph metastases, or stage classification. The rates of preoperative surgical risk factors were significantly different between the two groups (p less than 0.01): 90.0% for the elderly and 34.9% for the young patients. However, the rates of postoperative morbidity and mortality were 31.7% and 3.3% for the elderly and 24.1% and 1.3% for the young patients, respectively, with no significant difference. The 5- and 10-year survival rates after curative total gastrectomy were 48.6% and 23.2% for the elderly compared with 49.4% and 33.6% for the young patients, respectively, with no significant difference. A 5-year survival rate after noncurative operation was 0% for the elderly and 6.4% for the young patients. These results indicate that, when performed for cure, total gastrectomy with systematic lymphadenectomy can provide good long-term results for elderly, as well as young, patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

The suppressive effect of halothane on DNA synthesis of immunocytes.

Mice, previously immunized with sheep erythrocytes, were anaesthetized with halothane and the splenic lymphoid cells were incubated with 3H-thymidine at 1-h intervals. Abiphasic response was observed; 0.9 and 1.5% halothane reduced 3H-thymidine incorporation into the primed lymphoid cells by 83 and 94% respectively, while 0.4% halothane stimulated it by 5% of control at 3H. Immunosuppression by halothane may be the result of reduced 3H-thymidine uptake of the dividing immunocytes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acceleration of gastric ulcer healing by omeprazole in portal hypertensive rats. Is its action mediated by gastrin release and the stimulation of epithelial proliferation?

BACKGROUND: Gastric ulcer healing is delayed in patients with portal hypertension (PHT) and often responds poorly to histamine H(2) blockers. Although proton pump inhibitors are more effective anti-ulcer agents, there is little information regarding their efficacy for gastric ulcer in cases of PHT. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a proton pump inhibitor, omeprazole, on the healing of acetic-acid-induced gastric ulcer in PHT rats. METHODS: Animals studied were 80 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 7 weeks, of which half underwent two-staged portal vein ligation (PHT rats) and half underwent a sham operation (SO rats). Gastric ulcers were induced by acetic acid. Starting from day 4 after ulcer induction, rats received omeprazole or vehicle orally (50 mg/kg) for 5 or 10 days. Ulcer area, proliferating cell nuclear antigen labelling index (PCNA LI), and serum gastrin levels were recorded. RESULTS: PHT significantly inhibited epithelial cell proliferation and delayed gastric ulcer healing as indicated by a decreased PCNA LI at the ulcer margin and almost 2-fold larger ulcer area in PHT versus SO rats 14 days after ulcer induction. Ten-day treatment with omeprazole (vs. vehicle) significantly accelerated ulcer healing to a similar extent in both PHT and SO rats. Serum gastrin levels were significantly higher in PHT rats than in SO rats following treatment with omeprazole. Omeprazole (vs. vehicle) restored the decreased PCNA LI at the ulcer margin in PHT rats to that noted in SO rats. CONCLUSIONS: In PHT rats, omeprazole accelerates gastric ulcer healing, stimulates epithelial cell proliferation at the ulcer margin, and increases serum gastrin levels. Since gastrin is a potent stimulator of gastric epithelial cell proliferation, increased serum gastrin levels may be an important factor in omeprazole-induced stimulation of epithelial cell proliferation and acceleration of gastric ulcer healing in conditions of PHT.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glucagon and insulin metabolism in cirrhotic patients.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate glucagon and insulin metabolism in order to clarify the mechanisms that lead to hyperglucagonemia and hyperinsulinemia in cirrhosis. METHODOLOGY: Splanchnic output and metabolic clearance rates were studied in 16 cirrhotic patients and 5 non-cirrhotic controls. Splanchnic glucagon and insulin output into the portal circulation were calculated by the difference between portal venous and systemic arterial concentration multiplied by portal plasma flow. The metabolic clearance rate was calculated as the ratio of output to systemic arterial concentration. Portal blood flow was measured by continuous local thermodilution. RESULTS: Arterial glucagon levels were higher in cirrhotics than in controls. Glucagon output was triple of that found in controls (52.4 +/- 7.0 vs 17.7 +/- 2.9 ng/min, p < 0.05). Both groups exhibited similar metabolic clearance rates of glucagon. Systemic arterial insulin values were higher in cirrhotics than in non-cirrhotics. Insulin output was not significantly different between the two groups. However, metabolic clearance of insulin in cirrhotics was reduced to one half of the rate found in controls (237.0 +/- 39.8 vs. 450.5 +/- 17.5 mL/min, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Hyperglucagonemia in cirrhotic patients results from increased pancreatic output, while hyperinsulinemia results from decreased insulin clearance.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the abdominal wall lift in a cardiac patient.

We present a case report of a patient with impaired cardiac function after aortic valve replacement and open mitral commissurotomy who underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholecystolithiasis. In preventing reduced cardiac output due to pneumoperitoneum, the laparoscopic operative procedure was performed using the abdominal wall lift. Cardiac function was continuously evaluated by transesophageal echocardiographic examination and remained stable during the surgery. Because of the patient's co-existing chronic atrial fibrillation and prosthetic aortic valve, perioperative anticoagulation management was carried out. The patient's post-operative course was uneventful, and he was discharged on the 7th post-operative day.

Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic↗