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T Bando

Publications and source records attributed to T Bando.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Effective 30-hour preservation of canine lungs with modified ET-Kyoto solution.

BACKGROUND: With the aim of developing a preservation solution that can preserve donor lungs reliably for a long time, we prepared a modified ET-Kyoto solution by adding N-acetylcysteine, nitroglycerin, and dibutyryl adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic phosphate to the previously reported ET-Kyoto solution, which contains trehalose, gluconate, and hydroxyethyl starch. In this study, we examined the efficacy of modified ET-Kyoto solution in 30-hour lung preservation. METHODS: Twenty five pairs of adult mongrel dogs were divided into four groups. Donor lungs were flushed with modified ET-Kyoto solution (n = 9), with ET-Kyoto solution (n = 6), with University of Wisconsin solution group (n = 6), or with ET-Kyoto solution plus the solvents of nitroglycerin (ethanol and propylene glycol) (n = 4), then stored at 4 degrees C for 30 hours. All animals were treated with prostaglandin E1. Left lungs were transplanted and reperfused for 6 hours. RESULTS: With respect to arterial oxygen tension, peak inspiratory pressure, and wet-to-dry lung weight ratio, modified ET-Kyoto solution was significantly superior to ET-Kyoto solution. The modified ET-Kyoto solution was significantly superior to University of Wisconsin solution with respect to survival rate, arterial oxygen tension, and wet-to-dry lung weight ratio. Ultrastructural findings supported these results. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that modified ET-Kyoto solution is superior to University of Wisconsin solution for 30-hour lung preservation.

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMed1996

Roles of the lateral suprasylvian cortex in convergence eye movement in cats.

Ocular convergence and lens accomodation were evoked by microstimulation in the lateral suprasylvian area (LS cortex) in the parieto-occipital cortex in the cat. Electrolytic lesions in LS cortex reduced the amplitude and velocity of ocular convergence. Neurons in LS cortex discharged in relation to ocular convergence and/or lens accommodation. These results support the hypothesis that the LS cortex plays an important role in controlling ocular convergence The LS cortex receives visual inputs from cortical visual areas 17, 18 and 19, and in addition from the superior colliculus through the LP nucleus of the thalamus. Electrophysiological recordings have revealed that these visual inputs, which include cues about 3-dimensional target motion, are integrated in the LS cortex. The integrated output from LS cortex may provide the brainstem motor centers with the neural signals that facilitate eye movements, especially when the target is moving at high speeds. Outputs from the LS cortex travel directly to brainstem structures including the superior colliculus and pretectum. Evidence from monkey suggests that information may also travel to the mesencephalic reticular formation, where neurons have been recorded that are related to ocular convergence, lens accomodation or both. Although comparable data is lacking in the cat, it is suggested that the efferent circuit from the LS cortex to the motor nuclei in the brainstem included both the superior colliculus and the mesencephalic reticular formation. It is also suggested that this pathway is rather short, given that the mean latency of the early component of evoked disjunctive eye movements was approximately 60 ms.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Modulation of sensitivity to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) by thromboxane A2 receptor antagonists in non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines.

We examined the effect of selective thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor antagonists, calcium 5(Z)-1R, 2S, 3S, 4S-7-[3-phenylsulphonylaminobicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl]-5-heptonoate hydrate (S-1452) and +/- -7-(3,5,6,-trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinon-2-yl)-7-phenylhaptanoic acid (AA-2414), on sensitivity to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) in non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines. IC50 values to CDDP using MTT assay were decreased 2.1- and 4.6-fold respectively by treatment with 250 or 500 microM S-1452, for a 2 h simultaneous drug exposure, and those of PC-9/CDDP, a CDDP-resistant cell line, were decreased 3.1- and 6.1-fold. Sensitivity to carboplatin was also enhanced by the treatment with S-1452. IC50 values to CDDP and carboplatin were decreased by treatment with AA-2414 in a dose-dependent manner. Isobologram analysis showed that the combination of CDDP with S-1452 or AA-2414 produced supra-additive or additive effects in each cell line. Neither glutathione content nor glutathione S-transferase activity was changed in either cell line by treatment with 500 microM S-1452. Accumulation of platinum into PC-9 and PC-9/CDDP was increased by the treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Na+, K+-ATPase activity of PC-9 and PC-9/CDDP was enhanced by the treatment of S-1452 in a dose-dependent manner. These data show that the TXA2 receptor antagonists may enhance the sensitivity of non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines to platinum agents. Increase in Na+, K+-ATPase activity induced by S-1452 may be the mechanism of its sensitising effect through increase in platinum accumulation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Changes in oculomotor functions before and after loading of a 3-D visually-guided task by using a head-mounted display.

Changes in visual and oculomotor functions were tested in eight young volunteer subjects after performing a 3-D visually-guided task for 25 min. The visual stimuli were given by using a head-mounted display. No significant change was detected in the AC/A ratio and the stereo acuity. Changes were found in refraction and ocular convergence. Slight but significant hyperopic changes were detected in refraction after the task. The mean amplitude of convergence eye movement elicited by test stimuli after the task was significantly changed in the pooled data. They were significantly reduced when the subjects were tested by the disparity step of 0.7 degrees, but significantly increased when tested by the step of 6 degrees. The mean amplitudes were not significantly changed after the task when the subjects were tested by the intermediate disparity steps of 1.5 and 3 degrees. In data obtained for each subject, the amplitude of ocular convergence evoked by test stimuli after the task was reduced significantly in most subjects. In the majority of subjects, however, the results were not consistently significant when they were tested by step stimuli with different disparities. In only a few subjects, the changes were consistently significant except when the largest disparity was tested. On the other hand, the mean peak velocities of ocular convergence after the task were not significantly changed in the pooled data. In individual subjects, the changes of velocities of ocular convergence evoked by test stimuli after the task were more variable: they increased in some subjects but decreased in other subjects. Consequently, in only one subject, both amplitudes and peak velocities of ocular convergence tested by the disparity steps of 0.7, 1.5 and 3 degrees were consistently reduced after the task. The changes in refraction or ocular convergence found in this study were relatively small, and were not in the pathological range. The significance of these data are discussed. The results of the present study provide the basis for the more detailed analyses of the human factor in the head-mounted display.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Rhabdomyolysis following status asthmaticus.

A case of rhabdomyolysis following an asthmatic attack is reported. A 71-year-old man was admitted because of wheezing and hypoxemia. Brown urine was present on admission. Although these symptoms completely disappeared with the treatment with aminophylline, salbutamol and corticosteroid, transiently elevated serum creatine phosphokinase and myoglobinuria were present. Rhabdomyolysis has rarely been reported in cases of bronchial asthma. This case represents an extremely rare case of rhabdomyolysis following status asthmaticus.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[A comparative study on the efficacies of ritipenem acoxil and cefotiam hexetil in bacterial pneumonia by the double-blind method].

To objectively evaluate the efficacy, safety and usefulness of the newly developed penem oral antibiotic, ritipenem acoxil (RIPM-AC), against bacterial pneumonia, we conducted a multi-center double-blind comparative study using cefotiam hexetil (CTM-HE) as the control drug. Both RIPM-AC and CTM-HE were orally administered at 200 mg t.i.d. for 14 days, in principle. The results were as follows: The total number of patients enrolled in this trial was 208, of which 152 cases (RIPM-AC group: 73, CTM-HE group: 79) were evaluable for clinical efficacy. 1. The clinical efficacy rates (excellent + good) were 91.8% (67/73) in the RIPM-AC group and 94.9% (75/79) in the CMT-HE group. There was no significant difference between the two groups, and the clinical equivalency of RIPM-AC to CTM-HE was demonstrated. 2. In the patients enrolled in the evaluation of clinical efficacy, the eradication rates of the causative organisms were 84.6% (22/26) in the RIPM-AC group and 91.7% (22/24) in the CTM-HE group, with no significant difference between the two groups. 3. Side effects were noted in 9 cases (9.6%) of the RIPM-AC group and 5 cases (4.9%) of the CTM-HE group. Abnormal laboratory test findings were observed in 23 cases (26.7%) of the RIPM-AC group and 15 cases (15.6%) of the CTM-HE group. There was no significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of side effects nor of abnormal laboratory test findings. In the safety evaluation, RIPM-AC was judged to be safe in 64 cases (68.1%) and CTM-HE in 82 cases (80.4%), with no significant difference. 4. The usefulness rates (markedly useful+useful) were 86.5% (64/74) in the RIPM-AC group and 92.5% (74/80) in the CTM-HE group. There was no significant difference between the two groups. Since RIPM-AC showed clinical efficacy similar to those of CTM-HE and posed no particular safety problems, it is expected to be a useful antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial pneumonia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Effects on visual functions following several hours' usage of a head mounted display].

We investigated the effects of viewing video movies with a head-mounted display (HMD) for 4 to 6 hours on visual functions such as refraction, visual acuity, and accommodation-vergence system. Two or three video movies were watched without any breaks by 13 normal volunteers (age: 22 approximately 40). Measurements were made of (1) objective and subjective refraction, (2) corrected visual acuity, (3) tonic level and step response of accommodation with a computer-assisted infrared optometer, and (4) near and far phorias and AC/A ratio. Significant transient myopia was found following 4 hours' viewing, but not following 6 hours' viewing. Scrutinizing individual data, myopia was consistently found in some subjects, and hyperopia in others. We presumed that many subjects might have been influenced by initial instrumental myopia when they adjusted the focus by using the mechanism built in the HMD. No significant change was observed in any other examination. However, there was a tendency for the AC/A ratio to change after a short time, and then to recover to its original value. Based on the results in this study, it appears that some changes in accommodation and vergence systems are caused by viewing video movies with the HMD. Although the amount of changes was within normal physiological variation in this study, the possibility still remains that usage for a longer time may lead to other changes in visual function. Care is also necessary when using the HMD in subjects with subclinical problems.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1996

Influence of dextrans on lung preservation: is the molecular weight important?

BACKGROUND: The addition of dextran with a molecular weight of 40,000 Dalton in pulmonary preservation solutions has proved to be beneficial. However, dextrans of other size have not yet been investigated. Therefore, it is unclear whether dextran 40,000 represents the optimal additive for lung preservation solutions. METHOD: In a working rat heart-lung model, lung were preserved with regular Euro-Collins solution or with Euro-Collins solution containing 5% dextran of different sizes: 40,000 Dalton molecular weight; 70,000 Dalton molecular weight; 160,000 Dalton molecular weight. After 2 hours of ischemia functional (oxygenation; pulmonary vascular resistance) and structural (wet/dry-ratio, light microscopy) data were assessed and the amount of dextran in the lung tissue was measured. RESULTS: Lungs preserved with Euro-Collins solution 70,000 Dalton molecular weight or Euro-Collins solution 160,000 Dalton molecular weight exhibited superior functional and structural results when compared with Euro-Collins solution and Euro-Collins solution 40,000 Dalton molecular weight. Additionally, the least amount of dextran in the lung tissue was found in organs preserved with Euro-Collins solution 160,000 Dalton molecular weight after ischemia and reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Dextrans are useful additives for lung preservation solutions. However, the size of the molecules is important because dextrans of 160,000 Dalton molecular weight were superior to dextrans of lower molecular weight in our study.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Comparative study on the efficacy of ritipenem acoxil and cefotiam hexetil in chronic lower respiratory tract infections by the double-blind method].

To objectively evaluate the efficacy, safety and usefulness of the newly developed penem oral antibiotic, ritipenem acoxil (RIPM-AC), against chronic lower respiratory tract infections, we conducted a multi-center double-blind comparative study using cefotiam hexetil (CTM-HE) as a control drug. RIPM-AC was orally administered at 200 mg, and CTM-HE at 400 mg, t.i.d. for 14 days, in principle. The results were as follows: The total number of patients enrolled in this trial was 202, of which 151 cases (RIPM-AC group: 75, CTM-HE group: 76) were evaluable for clinical efficacy. 1. The clinical efficacy rates (excellent+good) were 85.3% (64/75) in the RIPM-AC group and 80.3% (61/76) in the CTM-HE group. There was no significant difference between the two groups, hence the clinical equivalency of RIPM-AC to CTM-HE was demonstrated. 2. In the patients enrolled in the evaluation of clinical efficacy, the eradication rates of the causative organisms were 50.0% (13/26) in the RIPM-AC group and 75.0% (18/24) in the CTM-HE group, with no significant difference between the two groups. 3. Side effects were noted in 10 cases (11.0%) of the RIPM-AC group and 10 cases (10.9%) of the CTM-HE group. Abnormal laboratory test findings were observed in 8 cases(9.5%) of the RIPM-AC group and in 14 cases (16.7%) of the CTM-HE group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of side effects and abnormal laboratory test findings. In the safety evaluation, RIPM-AC was judged to be safe in 73 cases (80.2%) and CTM-HE in 71 cases (77.2%), with no significant difference. 4. The usefulness rates (markedly useful+useful) were 79.5% (62/78) in the RIPM-AC group and 76.9% (60/78) in the CTM-HE group. There was no significant difference between the two groups. Since RIPM-AC showed clinical efficacy similar to those of CTM-HE and posed no particular safety problems, it is expected to be a useful antibiotic for the treatment of chronic lower respiratory tract infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Characteristics of antitumor activity of 3,4-dihydro-6-[4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)-1-piperazinyl]- 2(1H)-quinolinone (vesnarinone) against a human adenoid squamous carcinoma-forming cell line grown in athymic nude mice.

The tumors produced by transplantation into nude mice of human adenoid squamous carcinoma-forming cell line TYS, presumably derived from a minor salivary gland, were treated with a differentiation-inducing agent, vesnarinone, which was given per o.s. daily at a dose of 200 mg/kg for 35 days. They were then examined morphologically and immunohistochemically. The vesnarinone treatment resulted in a significant suppression of tumor growth. In addition, tumor nests indicating keratinocyte and acinar cell differentiation were often observed in the treated tumors, but not in untreated controls. Tissue sections from vesnarinone-treated and untreated TYS tumors were stained with monoclonal antibody (NAb) directed to carbohydrate antigen LeY or proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and with rabbit polyclonal antibody to p53. Antibody staining patterns were compared with morphological characteristics of cells as revealed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and DNA fragmentation patterns as revealed by 3'-OH nick-end labelling techniques. Tissue sections from vesnarinone-treated TYS tumors showed positive reaction with nick-end labelling and were extensively stained strongly by anti-LeY MAb, whereas the untreated tumors showed negative reaction with nick-end labelling and were infrequently stained by anti-LeY MAb. Within LeY-positive areas of tissue sections from the vesnarinone-treated tumors, keratinocyte and acinar cell differentiation as well as DNA fragmentation were frequently observed, although not all LeY-positive cells showed such signs of apoptosis. LeY-positive cells showed consistent negative staining by anti-PCNA MAb and anti-p53 rabbit serum. From these findings, it can be considered that vesnarinone has differentiation and apoptosis-inducing activity against TYS cells grown in athymic nude mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Dissociation between the mitogenic effect and antitumor activity of seed extract from Aeginetia indica L.

The extract from seeds of Aeginetia indica L. (AIL), a parasitic plant, induces potent antitumor immunity against Meth A fibrosarcomas in BALB/c mice. AIL also possesses a thymocyte co-stimulatory effect in vitro with suboptimal dose of Con A, a B cell mitogenic effect, and stimulates AIL-primed CD4+ T cells to produce Th1-type cytokines. In this study, we investigated the relationship between mitogenicity and antitumor activity with AIL. When AIL was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, there was strong and diffuse staining in the region between 14 kDa and the bottom of polyacrylamide gel and it was unaffected when AIL was digested with proteinase K (PK) before SDS-PAGE. Some bands with different molecular mass were also found in silver-stained gel and they disappeared completely by incubating AIL with PK before SDS-PAGE. The in vitro thymocyte co-stimulatory and B cell mitogenic effects were not influenced by digesting AIL with PK but were completely suppressed by the oxidation of AIL with sodium periodate before culture. In contrast, the in vivo antitumor activity was completely abolished by PK, but it was not affected by periodate oxidation. We generated mAbs specific for AIL and investigated the influence on the antitumor activity of AIL in vivo. Around 60-80% of tumor-bearing mice failed to recover from a challenge tumor when they were treated with supernatants isolated from mAb-induced precipitation reactions. Immunoblotting (Western blotting) revealed that all the mAbs reacted exclusively with a 50-60 kDa protein and that this reactivity was not influenced after oxidizing the blots with sodium periodate. We demonstrated that AIL contains polysaccharides and proteins. The polysaccharides induced B cell mitogenic and thymocyte co-stimulatory effects in vitro, while the proteins, especially a 50-60 kDa protein containing non-carbohydrate epitopes recognized by the mAbs, mediated antitumor activity in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Surgical treatment of small cell carcinoma of the lung: advantage of preoperative chemotherapy.

To assess the effect of chemotherapy on postoperative survival of patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), 46 patients who underwent surgery at Kyoto University between 1976 and 1991 were retrospectively reviewed. Seventeen patients (37.0%) received chemotherapy prior to as well as after surgery (neoadjuvant therapy group), 23 (50.5%) received chemotherapy only after surgery (adjuvant therapy group), and the other six received no chemotherapy (non-chemotherapy group). The 5-year survival rate of patients with c-Stage I or II disease in the neoadjuvant therapy group was as high as 80.0%, which seemed to be higher, although with no statistical significance, than that in the adjuvant therapy group (37.7%, P = 0.10). The 5-year survival rate of patients with c-Stage III (IIIa or IIIb) disease in the neoadjuvant therapy group, although not satisfactory (10.0%), was significantly higher than that in the adjuvant therapy group (0.0%, P = 0.04). No patients in the non-chemotherapy group had survived 5 years. Moreover, multivariate analysis showed that failure to employ preoperative chemotherapy was the strongest prognostic factor causing a poor prognosis (P = 0.01). On the other hand, eight (30.8%) out of 26 patients with c-Stage I or II disease postoperatively proved to have mediastinal lymph node involvement (pN2-3), and two (7.7%) proved to have intrapulmonary metastasis (PM). Considering the advantage of preoperative chemotherapy and the discrepancy between c- and p-stage, sufficient chemotherapy prior to surgery should be employed, and may realize a good prognosis in patients with c-Stage I or II disease. In contrast, patients with c-Stage III disease are not appropriate as candidates for surgery even if preoperative chemotherapy is performed.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Improved 20-hour canine lung preservation with a new solution--ET-Kyoto solution.

We developed a new solution, ET-Kyoto (ET-K) solution, and compared its efficacy in 20 h lung preservation with that of Euro-Collins (EC) solution in a canine left lung transplantation model. The lungs were flushed with ET-K solution (ET-K group, n = 5), with EC solution plus prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) pretreatment (EC + PGE1 group, n = 6) or with EC solution (EC group, n = 6), and were stored at 4 degrees C for 20 h. The function of left lung grafts was assessed 40, 70, and 130 min after transplantation. The arterial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in the ET-K group was significantly greater than in the EC + PGE1 group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) and in the EC group (p < 0.01). The peak inspiratory pressure and wet to dry weight ratio in the ET-K group were significantly lower than in the EC + PGE1 group and in the EC group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Pulmonary vascular resistance in the ET-K group 130 min after reperfusion was significantly lower than in the EC group (p < 0.05). All the transplanted lungs in the EC + PGE1 group and the EC group showed histological evidence of pulmonary edema, whereas all in the ET-K group showed no signs of edema. We concluded that ET-K solution is superior to EC solution with or without PGE1 pretreatment in 20 h canine lung preservation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Establishment and characterization of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines resistant to mitomycin C under aerobic conditions.

To elucidate the mechanisms of acquired resistance to mitomycin C (MMC) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we established two MMC-resistant NSCLC sublines by continuous exposure to MMC, using PC-9 as a parent cell line. The sublines, PC-9/MC2 and PC-9/MC4, were 6.4- and 10-fold more resistant to MMC than their parent cell line, respectively, at the IC50 value as determined by MTT assay. They exhibited cross-resistance to EO9, but were not resistant to cisplatin, vindesine, etoposide, carboquone, or KW-2149, a novel MMC derivative. They were collaterally sensitive to adriamycin and menadione. Accumulation of the drug was decreased in the resistant sublines to about 60% of that in the parent cells. Cytosolic DT-diaphorase (DTD) activities were decreased to 13.5 +/- 3.2 in PC9/MC2 and 1.3 +/- 0.6 in PC-9/MC4 from 261.5 +/- 92.7 nmol/min/mg protein in the parent PC-9. NADH:cytochrome b5 reductase activities in both of the resistant cell lines were significantly decreased as compared to that in the parent cell line. Addition of dicumarol resulted in a two-fold increase in IC50 value in PC-9, whereas the IC50 value showed no change in PC-9/MC4. Moreover, dicumarol did not affect the sensitivities to KW-2149 but decreased the sensitivities to EO9 in both the parent and the resistant cell lines. Formation of an alkylating metabolite was significantly decreased in the resistant cells, in parallel to the degree of resistance. We concluded that deficient drug activation due to decreased DTD activity was important as a mechanism of resistance to MMC in PC-9, a relatively DTD-rich NSCLC cell line.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1995

Repeated inhalation challenge with exogenous and endogenous histamine released by acetaldehyde inhalation in asthmatic patients.

We previously reported that inhaled acetaldehyde, a metabolite of ethanol and a main factor in alcohol-induced asthma, causes bronchoconstriction indirectly through endogenously released histamine in asthmatic subjects. No study has examined the difference between tachyphylaxis in response to endogenous as opposed to exogenous histamine. Therefore, we examined tachyphylaxis occurring in response to repeated inhalation of histamine or acetaldehyde in nine asthmatic subjects. The mean acetaldehyde concentration causing a 20% decrease in FEV1 increased significantly from 18.4 (geometric standard error of the mean (GSEM = 0.14) to 45.2 (GSEM = 0.14) mg/ml over a period of 1 h (p < 0.002), whereas the mean histamine concentrations causing a 20% decrease in FEV1 were identical. No correlations were observed between the change in bronchial responsiveness to each solution and the change in baseline FEV1. These results suggest that tachyphylaxis in response to histamine is observed only when the latter is released endogenously. We believe that this is the first report suggesting tachyphylaxis caused by endogenous histamine.

Acetaldehyde↗