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Biomedical subjects

T Bamba

Publications and source records attributed to T Bamba.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Small intestinal perforation due to cytomegalovirus infection in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

We describe two patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) who suffered cytomegalovirus (CMV)-related small intestinal perforations during the course of chemotherapy. Surgical specimens from both patients revealed histologic evidence of occlusive vasculitis and tissue destruction caused by CMV-affected cells in the submucosa and muscular walls, that may have played an important role in the pathogenesis of these perforations. Although such intestinal perforations are rare complications in NHL patients, CMV infection should be recognized as a primary etiological factor in acute abdominal crises when treating NHL patients with pharmaceutical agents including steroids. Emergency surgery and the anti-CMV agent, ganciclovir, would improve the prognoses of such patients.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1995

Thalassemia incidentally found by marked erythrocytosis due to an ochre mutation at codon 35 in a Japanese man.

We present a patient with beta-thalassemia minor diagnosed on the basis of the incidental findings of marked hypochromic and microcytic erythrocytosis. Hemoglobin analysis revealed increased hemoglobin (Hb) A2 levels and decreased beta/alpha synthesis ratio in both the propositus and his mother. Further molecular studies identified a single base substitution of TCA to TAA within codon 35 in heterozygous state, which creates a premature terminator resulting in a defect of effective beta globin synthesis. This is the first report of beta-thalassemia due to a nonsense mutation at codon 35 of beta-thalassemia gene in the Japanese population.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The pathogenic role of Bacteroides vulgatus in patients with ulcerative colitis.

To clarify the role played by Bacteroides vulgatus in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, the serum antibody titer to the outer membrane protein of B. vulgatus, obtained from the inflamed rectal mucosa, and measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, was investigated in patients with ulcerative colitis. High serum antibody titers to the outer membrane protein of B. vulgatus were found in these patients. The specific outer membrane protein of B. vulgatus reactive to serum antibody was recognized as a 26-kDa protein. These findings indicate that B. vulgatus containing a 26-kDa protein in the outer membrane may be implicated in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1995

Therapeutic efficacy of cyclic home elemental enteral alimentation in Crohn's disease: Japanese cooperative Crohn's disease study.

Crohn's disease (CD) often flares up and requires frequent hospitalization and/or surgery. Cyclic home elemental enteral alimentation (C-HEEA) was developed to prevent flare-up of CD and to minimize patient hospitalization. However, its therapeutic efficacy has not been studied in a large patient population. Therefore, questionnaires were sent to members of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Research Group of Japan to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of C-HEEA and to define the factors that may affect the efficacy of the treatment. Data for 410 patients (C-HEEA-treated n = 322; drug-treated n = 88) were collected from 29 institutions and analysis showed the following results. The cumulative remission and non-hospitalization rates of the C-HEEA treated group were significantly higher than the rates of the drug-treated group in all patients and in those with ileitis and ileo-colitis (P < 0.0001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.01, respectively), but no significant difference was noted in patients with colitis. Cumulative remission and non-hospitalization rates were also influenced by the daily calorie content of the elemental diet (ED); more than 1200 kcal of the ED per day was found to be more effective than lower amounts to maintain remission and to prevent hospitalization. The therapeutic efficacy of C-HEEA was shown to be superior to that of drug treatment in patients with CD with ileal involvement, and it is suggested that more than 1200kcal per day should be supplied by the ED to enhance its therapeutic efficacy.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation of diamine oxidase activity (DAO) in the rat intestinal mucosa by measuring expired 14CO2 after oral administration of 14C-putrescine.

This study was performed to investigate whether mucosal diamine oxidase activity could be assessed by measuring expired 14CO2 after oral administration of 14C-putrescine. Immediately after giving 5 mu Ci of 14C-putrescine, the 14CO2 was collected at 1-h intervals for 8 h into a vial containing 1 ml of 10 mM hyamine hydroxide, 2 ml of ethanol, and an appropriate amount of phenolphthalein dye. The expired 14CO2 caused the color to disappear. The amount of 14CO2, determined by scintillation counting, reached a maximum 1 h after 14C-putrescine administration, and gradually decreased thereafter. A positive correlation between the mucosal diamine oxidase activity and the maximal expired 14CO2 value was obtained. There is no doubt that this test can be used to easily detect mucosal DAO activity and avoid the necessity of mucosal biopsy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Enteroglucagon. A putative humoral factor inducing pancreatic hyperplasia after proximal small bowel resection.

The present study evaluated pancreatotrophic factors after massive small bowel resection. Specifically, we examined the role of enteroglucagon in compensatory pancreatic hyperplasia after proximal small bowel resection (PSBR) by using rats fed a fiber-free elemental diet or an elemental diet containing pectin. PSBR increased the net pancreatic weight as well as the protein, DNA, RNA, and amylase contents, and elevated plasma enteroglucagon levels. Pectin addition to the diet provoked a further increase in these parameters and significant positive correlations were found between the plasma enteroglucagon levels and the protein, DNA, and RNA contents of the pancreas. Plasma gastrin and CCK levels were not affected by the small bowel resection. These results indicate that enteroglucagon may exert a potent trophic effect on the pancreas after PSBR.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1994

Serum levels of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

To investigate the role played by cytokines in chronic pancreatitis, we examined serum levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 33 patients with definitively diagnosed chronic pancreatitis. All the patients, who had received either no treatment or only digestive enzyme products for their chronic pancreatitis, had significantly elevated serum IL-1 beta levels (38.5 +/- 28.8 pg/ml, mean +/- SD), compared to normal controls (16.0 +/- 6.7 pg/ml; P < 0.01); however they showed no changes in serum IL-6 levels. Changes in IL-1 beta and IL-6 serum levels were not correlated with the etiological features of pancreatitis or with complications due to liver diseases. Serum IL-1 beta and IL-6 levels were also not correlated with the activity of any pancreatic enzymes in blood or urine. However, in the patients with chronic pancreatitis, serum IL-6 levels were correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP), whereas serum IL-1 beta levels were not correlated with CRP or with erythrocyte sedimentation rate. These results suggest that serum IL-1 beta is involved in the progression and reduction of chronic inflammation of the pancreas, and that the serum IL-1 beta level may be useful as a marker for chronic pancreatitis.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1994

[Effects of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 on pancreatic exocrine function in vivo and in vitro in rat experiments].

The effects of exogenous and endogenous prostaglandin on rat pancreatic exocrine function were investigated in vivo and in vitro. Under stimulation by endogenous CCK or exogenous caerulein, protein output was significantly reduced by intravenous drip infusion of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (DMPGE2), and under stimulation by exogenous secretin, volume and bicarbonate output were markedly reduced by DMPGE2. Amylase release from isolated pancreatic acini was significantly reduced by DMPGE2 under stimulation by 10(-11)-3 x 10(-11) M CCK-8, and was not influenced by DMPGE2 under stimulation by secretin or by indomethacin under stimulation by caerulein. Basal amylase release was not influenced by DMPGE2 or indomethacin. Basal cellular cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP contents were not influenced by DMPGE2, and elevated cyclic GMP content under stimulation by caerulein was significantly reduced by DMPGE2. These findings suggest that pancreatic enzyme secretion is reduced by DMPGE2 under stimulation by physiological or pharmacological concentration of CCK, and one of which mechanism is direct effect of DMPGE2 on pancreatic acini, may be coupling with phosphatidylinositol breakdown system and without cyclic AMP.

16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗
PubMed1993

Differential cytokine regulation of complement C3, C4, and factor B synthesis in human intestinal epithelial cell line, Caco-2.

In the intestinal tract, the local synthesis of C3 and components of both the classical (C4) and alternative (factor B) C activation pathway has previously been demonstrated in vivo. However, the cellular source of this local C synthesis has not been identified. In this study, we demonstrated the syntheses of C3, C4, and factor B in the human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2, which is regarded as a good experimental model of normal human intestinal epithelial cells. The results of metabolic labeling experiments indicated that the intra- and extracellular molecular sizes and subunit structures of Caco-2-derived C3, C4, and factor B were compatible with previously reported values for these components in other cells. The functional activities of C3 and C4 in the supernatants were also demonstrated by hemolytic titration assay. Furthermore, C syntheses in this line were independently upregulated by several human cytokines: C3 synthesis was dose-dependently enhanced by the addition of IL-1 beta or TNF-alpha; C4 synthesis was enhanced by the addition of IL-6 or IFN-gamma in the same manner; and the addition of IL-1 beta or IL-6 also induced a dose-dependent increase in factor B synthesis. These enhancing effects were confirmed to be specific for individual cytokines by experiments using anti-human cytokine antibodies. It is likely that intestinal epithelial cells are local production sites of C3, C4, and factor B, and that local C syntheses in the intestine are independently regulated by several cytokines, derived from monocytes/macrophages and T cells resident in the mucosal microenvironment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Effect of intrinsic CCK and CCK antagonist on pancreatic growth and pancreatic enzyme secretion in pancreaticobiliary diversion rats.

When pancreaticobiliary diversion (PBD) surgery was performed in rats, plasma CCK level increased, the pancreas grew mainly by proliferation, and pancreatic trypsinogen showed a remarkable increase, although amylase and lipase synthesis were somewhat decreased. The sensitivity of amylase release against CCK-8 in the pancreatic acini decreased when plasma CCK level was high. These changes in pancreatic growth and pancreatic enzyme secretion caused by PBD were completely inhibited by the CCK-receptor antagonist loxiglumide. From these results, intrinsic CCK was considered to play an important role in both pancreatic enzyme synthesis and proliferation.

Amylases↗
PubMed1993

Effect of epidermal growth factor by different routes of administration on the small intestinal mucosa of rats fed elemental diet.

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the rat small intestinal mucosa by three different routes of administration. Four-week-old rats were fed elemental diet for 4 weeks and were administered EGF either subcutaneously, intraluminally or intraperitoneally with mini-osmotic pumps for a week. Intraperitoneal administration of EGF resulted in a significant increase of mucosal wet weight, mucosal content of protein and DNA, villus height, crypt depth and crypt cell production rate. Intraluminal or subcutaneous administration of EGF tended to increase those morphological and proliferative parameters, but did not cause any significant change. We conclude that EGF caused the hyperplasia of the small intestine of rats maintained on oral elemental diet and that this trophic effect was clearly shown by the intraperitoneal route of administration, rather than by the intraluminal route. These results suggest that EGF receptors located in the basal portion of crypt cells play a more important role than those located in the microvillous membrane.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1993

The human colon cancer cell line CaCo-2 produces secretory components during enterocytic differentiation.

A human colon cancer cell line CaCo-2 differentiates spontaneously by expressing enterocytic phenotypes after the confluence of the culture. The authors examined a production of secretory components (SC) by CaCo-2 in relation to its differentiation. The SC production showed an increase immediately after the cells came to confluence, and reached its peak production during the 6th to the 9th day after confluence of the culture. SC production decreased remarkably after the 10th day. On the other hand, the activity of alkaline phosphatase of CaCo-2 showed a gradual increase up to the 18th day after confluence. The production of SC was not affected by the presence of dimeric IgA in the culture. Interferon-gamma enhanced SC production of CaCo-2 with dose-dependent manner. These observations indicate that capability of SC production of CaCo-2 is enhanced in the early stage of differentiation but is reduced in the late stage. Moreover, CaCo-2 provides a useful model for studying the regulation of SC production in enterocytic differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Relationship between amino acid transport and protein synthesis in rat isolated pancreatic acini under stimulation with cholecystokinin.

The effects of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8) on amino acid transport and protein synthesis in the pancreatic acini were determined. The question of whether those effects differed between amino acid transport systems A and L was also investigated. The influx of alpha-[3H]aminoisobutyric acid (AIB, system A) and [14C]cycloleucine (system L) into isolated rat pancreatic acini and the incorporation of [14C]alanine (system A) and [3H]leucine (system L) into trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-precipitable protein in pancreatic acini were studied in the presence of various concentrations of CCK8. CCK inhibited the amino acid transport across the basolateral membrane of pancreatic acini. This effect was mediated by Ca2+, and was more responsive to amino acid transport system L than to A. CCK also inhibited protein synthesis in pancreatic acini in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of protein synthesis by CCK was thought to be mainly due to the inhibition of amino acid transport by CCK. Therefore, the predominant utilization of extracellular amino acids in protein synthesis was suggested.

Alanine↗
PubMed1993

Effect of reconstituted basement membrane on growth and secretory function in pancreatic acinar AR42J cells.

This study investigated the influence of extracellular matrix on growth and secretory function associated with cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors in pancreatic acinar AR42J cells, using reconstituted basement membrane derived from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) tumor. The cells were cultured with basement membranes of two different thickness, 1 mg/ml protein equivalent (thick RBM) and 50 micrograms/ml protein equivalent (thin RBM). In cells cultured with thin RBM, the secretory function and the number of CCK receptors increased, but cell growth did not increase significantly. Cells cultured with thick RBM showed remarkable cell growth, but secretory function and the number of CCK receptors were reduced. There was little change in CCK receptor affinity. It was concluded that the extracellular matrix plays a crucial role in the proliferation and differentiation of AR42J cells and further, the quantitative difference of matrix components strongly influenced the up- and down-regulation of CCK receptor in the cells via cell-matrix interaction.

Amylases↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of ulcerative colitis with camostat mesilate, a serine protease inhibitor.

We were able to induce and maintain remission with camostat mesilate, a serine protease inhibitor, in two patients with ulcerative colitis, to whom salicylazosulfapyridine could not be administered due to previous side effects. The enzymatic activity of proteases from granulocyte, pancreatic juice and bacteria is possibly harmful to the inflamed colonic mucosa. Camostat mesilate can be expected to have an anti-inflammatory effect on the damaged mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease.

Adult↗