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Biomedical subjects

T Baba

Publications and source records attributed to T Baba.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Thyroid abnormalities in diabetes mellitus.

We studied the incidence of goiters and that of thyroid antibodies in 278 patients with diabetes mellitus, in whom six subjects with primary hypothyroidism were excluded, and measured their serum TSH concentrations. The incidence of goiters was 31.8%, and was higher in females than in males. The incidence of goiters in diabetics under the age of 40 was higher than that in subjects more than 40 years old, and the incidence of microsome antibodies and thyroglobulin antibodies were found to be 18.5% and 1.8%, respectively, in these two groups. The percentage of microsome antibodies was lower in diabetics between the ages of 40 and 60 than in diabetics under the age of 40 or over the age of 60. The incidence of goiters and microsome antibodies was not related to the treatment of diabetes mellitus. There was a significantly positive correlation between serum TSH concentration and age in diabetics with serum TSH levels less than 5 microU/ml. As a result, although the incidence of goiters in diabetics was found to decrease with age, the incidence of thyroid antibodies and serum TSH levels were found to increase. These findings suggest that it might be possible to observe atrophic autoimmune thyroiditis, sometimes resulting in subclinical hypothyroidism, in aged diabetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Epidemiological and clinical studies on blindness due to diabetic retinopathy.

To clarify the epidemiological and clinical features of blindness due to diabetic retinopathy, 21 patients were studied. Blind diabetics seen at our clinic numbered 2, 3, 4 and 12 in 1965-1969, 1970-1974, 1975-1979 and 1980-1981 respectively. The ratio of males to females was about 4:3. Patients whose onset was in the 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49 and 50-59 year age group numbered 4, 5, 6, 3 and 3 respectively. No difference was seen in the duration of the disease between patients whose onset was below and patients whose onset was above 40 years of age. Most of the blind diabetics (81.8%) were treated with insulin and hypoglycemic symptoms had occurred on several occasions in 14 cases. Hypertension was a complication in 10 (45%) and orthostatic hypotension in 7 cases (31.8%). Patellar tendon reflex disappeared in 15 cases (68.2%). Proteinuria was strongly positive in 11 cases (52.4%). It was therefore concluded that the number of blind diabetics has been increasing in our clinic since 1975. Insulin therapy and the association of hypoglycemia were thought to be important precipitating factors of blindness in diabetics. The levels of plasma fibrinogen and soluble fibrin monomer complexes in blind diabetics were higher than those in diabetics without retinopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Efficacy of "two-route chemotherapy" using intra-arterial cisplatin and iv sodium thiosulfate, its antidote, in rat bladder tumor.

The efficacy of "two-route chemotherapy (TRC)" using a combination of cisplatin (DDP) and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate (STS), was evaluated in rat bladder tumor. TRC in which 20 mg/kg of DDP and two doses of 1054 mg/kg of STS (100-fold molar ratio to DDP) were given during interruption of arterial flow for 30 minutes through the abdominal aorta and femoral vein, respectively, provided significantly better antitumor effects evaluated by tumor weight and survival time than did intra-arterial or iv DDP (4 mg/kg) without STS. These three modalities revealed a similar toxicity in rats. Dose- and time-related efficacy of DDP and a high sensitivity of a transitional cell carcinoma of the rat to DDP were noted in TRC. Nephrotoxicity assessed by increase in BUN levels was minimum. The particular combination of intra-arterial DDP and iv STS presented here is applicable to regionally confined human bladder cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Desensitization. III: The role of lymphokines in the maintenance of the anergic state during desensitization.

Desensitization with respect to cellular immunity can be achieved by the systemic administration of large doses of antigen. We have demonstrated two patterns of reactivity during the desensitized state. Early in desensitization, the animal is hyporesponsive to both antigen and preformed lymphokine (skin reactive factor, SRF). In the later period, the animal can respond normally to preformed lymphokine while remaining poorly responsive to antigen. In addition, when inflammatory cells (macrophages and neutrophils) from desensitized animals are examined, those obtained early show diminished reactivity to a variety of chemotactic stimuli. Their capacity to so respond recovers later, during a period in which the state of desensitization persists. We have also found that nonspecific desensitization can be inhibited by L-fucose, an agent known to suppress lymphokine-dependent reactions. These observations, in conjunction with previous reports of serum lymphokine activity early in desensitization, are consistent with a two-stage mechanism for desensitization.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Intra-arterial infusion through 2 routes in liver (primary and metastatic cancer].

Patients with unresectable liver cancer (primary and metastatic) were treated with a newly-devised arterial infusion chemotherapy using Cis-DDP and its antidote Sodium thiosulfate (STS). The patients consisted of 4 with primary hepatoma and 1 with metastatic liver cancer originated from intestinal cancer. For the purpose of reducing unfavourable side effects without changing anticancer effect, Cis-DDP was infused into hepatic artery through the catheter while STS being administered systemically. According to Koyama and Saito's criteria, 2 of 5 patients showed partial response (PR) and the others showed no change (NC). The median survival time after onset of therapy was 6.6 months ranging from 2 to 11 months in all the patients. The myelosuppression and renal toxicity, which were considered to be the most serious side effects of Cis-DDP, were not found and liver function was not affected in all the patients. However, all the patients complained of nausea and vomiting. Thus, our experience has indicated that this newly devised infusion chemotherapy is a promising method for treating unresectable liver cancer, although further efforts are necessary for reducing the gastrointestinal toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effectiveness of "two-route chemotherapy" using cisplatin and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate, on lifespan of rats bearing metastatic liver tumors.

The therapeutic efficacy of "two-route chemotherapy" (TRC) using cisplatin (DDP) and its potent antidote, sodium thiosulfate (STS), was studied on rat metastatic liver tumors. Twenty mg/kg of DDP was given to rats via the hepatic artery in combination with systemic STS at a dose of 1054 mg/kg (100-fold molar ratio to 20 mg/kg of DDP) or at two doses of 1054 mg/kg. As controls, 5 or 4 mg/kg of DDP alone was given intra-arterially or iv. Antitumor effects were evaluated by prolongation in lifespan after the tumor cell inoculation. Side effects were assessed by weight loss, BUN, and serum transaminases after the chemotherapy. TRC resulted in the longest lifespan, with a minimum weight loss and without elevation of BUN or serum transaminases. The therapeutic efficacy of TRC was enhanced by temporary ligation of the portal vein for 5 minutes, performed simultaneously with DDP infusion. Our findings clearly indicate the effectiveness of TRC using intra-arterial DDP in a high dose and in combination with iv STS.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

"Two route infusion chemotherapy" using cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate, for metastatic liver tumors in rats.

We studied the effects of combination chemotherapy of an antitumor drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP) and its potent antidote, sodium thiosulfate (STS) in rat liver tumor systems. This therapy was given to female WKA rats with metastatic liver tumors 13 days after inoculation of syngeneic hepatoma cells through the mesenteric vein. DDP and STS were administered via two different routes, hepatic artery and femoral vein, respectively (we call this treatment "two route infusion chemotherapy"). The antitumor effects were evaluated 21 days after the treatment by calculating the tumor weight from the total weight of the liver. Tumor weights of rats treated with 20 mg/kg of intra-arterial DDP plus 1,054 mg/kg of systemic STS (group A), 5 mg/kg of intra-arterial DDP alone (group B), and 5 mg/kg of systemic DDP alone (group C) were, about one fifth, two fifths and three fifths of the tumor weights in the untreated controls, respectively. In group A, no rats died despite administration of a 4-fold higher DDP dose than in the latter two groups B and C in which 14-18 per cent of the rats died, due to DDP-induced toxicity. The patterns of body weight gain in the three groups after the chemotherapy were much the same. Our results clearly indicate that the antitumor effect of DDP on metastatic liver tumors in rats can remarkably be enhanced by the "two route infusion chemotherapy" of DDP and STS.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

"Two route chemotherapy" using cis-diamminedichloro-platinum(II) and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate, for peritoneally disseminated cancer in rats.

The effects of "two route chemotherapy" using cis-diamminedichloroplatinum-(II) (DDP) and its antidote sodium thiosulfate (STS), given ip and sc, respectively, were assessed in the case of peritoneally disseminated cancer in rats. Administration of STS sc to mice 1 min before DDP ip was found to be the most effective in protecting the animals against the lethal toxicity of DDP. The LD50 values of DDP ip with and without STS were about 55 mg/kg and 14 mg/kg, respectively. This "two route chemotherapy" using DDP and STS was significantly superior in therapeutic efficacy to single treatment with DDP.

Animals↗