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Biomedical subjects

T Baba

Publications and source records attributed to T Baba.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[An autopsy case of plasmacytoma of the thyroid gland].

An autopsy case of a 75-year-old woman with plasmacytoma of the thyroid gland is presented. There were no toxic symptoms and no abnormal serum protein. On autopsy, a nodule measuring 5.5 X 4.5 X 8 cm was found in the left lobe of the thyroid gland. No myeloma lesions were found in the bone marrow or in other organs. Histologically, the marginal area of the nodule was occupied by typical plasmacytoma, whereas necrotic tissues resembling anaplastic carcinoma were present in the central portion. Chronic thyroiditis was not associated. Immunohistochemically, only the kappa-light chain was demonstrated in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Improvement of cancer therapy by angiotensin II-induced hypertension chemotherapy].

Angiotensin II-induced hypertension chemotherapy using cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP) or carboquone (CQ), and a modification of the therapy through combination with a cardiotonic, such as aminophylline (AP) and trans-pi-oxocamphor (pi OC), were compared with regard to therapeutic efficacy on an established mouse mammary carcinoma grown s.c. in syngeneic mice. The hypertension chemotherapy proved to be more effective than conventional administration with the anticancer drug alone. On the other hand, a remarkable improvement in antitumor effect without any increase in the general toxicity was more apparent in the modified hypertension chemotherapy than in angiotensin II hypertension chemotherapy. The combination therapy using DDP, AP or pi OC, but not AT-II, did not produce any increase in antitumor effect as compared to conventional administration with anticancer drug alone. The cytotoxicity of DDP against cultured HeLa cells was not enhanced by co-administration with AT-II, AP and/or pi OC. Thus, the increase in the therapeutic efficacy obtained by the modified hypertension chemotherapy may be attributable to the specific augmentation in delivery of the anticancer drug to the tumor tissue, but not to any specific enhancement in the cytotoxicity of the anticancer drug against to the tumor cells.

Aminophylline↗
PubMed1987

[Two-route chemotherapy using the anticancer drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate].

We described the efficacy of "two-route chemotherapy (TRC)", in which the anticancer drug, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP), is injected locally, in combination with its antidote, sodium thiosulfate (STS), given systemically. First, we tested the protective effect of sulfur-containing compounds against DDP toxicity, and found STS to be the most potent antidote of DDP. On the basis of this finding, we developed TRC using DDP and STS, and applied it for liver and lung metastasis, bladder cancer, and peritoneal disseminated tumors in experimental animals, resulting in remarkable antitumor effects without serious side effects, especially nephrotoxicity. Furthermore, we obtained an optimal increase in the lifespan of rats bearing limb tumors when we tried TRC in combination with the angiotensin II (AT-II)-induced hypertension method. We also clarified that the protection of STS against DDP toxicity was mainly due to the diminution of the active platinum level in blood. We briefly reviewed the clinical trials of TRC, and discussed the improvements which still have to be made.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Purification and characterisation of the extracellular D-glucosyltransferase from serotype c Streptococcus mutans.

A simple method of purification for the extracellular D-glucosyltransferase (GTase) from a serotype c strain Streptococcus mutans was developed using chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel and CM-cellulose. The GTase had a molecular weight of 155,000 and an isoelectric point of 7.4. The enzyme converted sucrose, in the absence of dextran T-10, into a branched (1----6)-linked alpha-D-glucan having some alpha-(1----3)-linked D-glucosyl residues. The GTase was similar to GTases which have been isolated from other strains of serotype c S. mutans and which synthesise water-soluble glucans. In addition, the amino acid composition of the GTase protein was relatively similar to those of the GTases from serotype g S. mutans which synthesise water-soluble and water-insoluble glucans.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1986

Differences in expression of a variant actin between low and high metastatic B16 melanoma.

The polypeptides of mouse B16 melanoma lines of defined metastatic potential have been analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Parent B16 melanoma and two independently isolated B16-F1 lines, which are low metastatic, exhibited a new polypeptide, Ax (pI 5.2; Mr = 43,000), comprising approximately 30% of the total actin, in addition to normal beta- and gamma-actin. The Ax is present in the Triton-insoluble fraction (cytoskeleton and nuclear matrix) as well as in the Triton-soluble fraction at a constant ratio of about 0.5 to beta- plus gamma-actin. The Ax polypeptide has been identified as a variant form of actin by immunostaining with anti-actin antibody and by a comparison of its tryptic patterns with those produced by beta- and gamma-actin polypeptides; the Ax is also identified as a component of microfilaments. On the other hand, the Ax polypeptide disappears or its expression is very low in high metastatic lines, two independently isolated B16-F10s and B16-BL6. By in vitro translation, we have identified the mRNA species that code for Ax in B16-F1, but not in B16-F10.

Actins↗
PubMed1986

"Two-route chemotherapy" using high-dose intra-arterial neocarzinostatin and systemic tiopronin, its antidote, for rat limb tumor.

We studied the effect of "two-route chemotherapy" (TRC) with intra-arterial (IA) neocarzinostatin (NCS) and IV N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine (tiopronin), its antidote, on rat limb tumors. Chemotherapy experiments were carried out on day 9 after the inoculation of 10(6) syngeneic transitional carcinoma cells into the hind limb in female Wistar King A rats. In the group given TRC, 3500 units/kg NCS and 800 mg/kg tiopronin were given via the femoral artery and the femoral vein, respectively. The antitumor effect was evaluated by the tumor weight on day 12 after the treatment. Compared with the weight of tumors in untreated controls, TRC reduced tumor weight to one-tenth, while 700 units/kg IA NCS alone reduced tumor weight to one-third and 700 units/kg systemic NCS alone reduced tumor weight to three-fourths of the control weight. In the group given TRC, WBC and nucleated bone marrow cells were completely protected and loss of body weight was slight.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Protection of antiproliferative effect of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) by sodium thiosulfate.

Utilizing the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation assay of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM), the protective effect of sodium thiosulfate (STS) on the antiproliferative action of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP) against human cells was investigated. DDP alone significantly inhibited the proliferation of PBM over the concentration range of 10(-7) to 5 X 10(-5) M. The antiproliferative effect of DDP was significantly blocked when STS was added to the stimulation culture at the time of exposure to DDP at molar STS/DDP ratios of more than 500. However, STS at molar ratios of less than 100 induced minimal protection. Then, STS was added at various times after DDP exposure with a molar STS/DDP ratio of 1000. The protection was effective within 10 min after exposure to DDP at a concentration of 5 X 10(-5) M, whereas it was not effective beyond 30 min after the exposure. The results indicate that effective protection against DDP cytotoxicity in human cells can be achieved by the concurrent presence of STS with molar STS/DDP ratios of more than 500, but not when a molar STS/DDP ratio of less than 100 is used.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1986

New method of testing for carbohydrate absorption in man. Xylose and sucrose absorption; effects of sucrase inhibition.

Absorption of carbohydrate was quantitated in 49 subjects without disease of the small bowel using a new technique for ileal perfusion. A double-lumen tube with an attached balloon was inserted retrograde through the colon and used to quantify arrival in the ileum of D-xylose and a nonabsorbable marker which had been taken orally. In the same way, absorption of sucrose and the effects of an inhibitor of alpha-glucosidase were also studied. Insertion of the assembly through the colon and intubation of the terminal ileum was usually possible within 30 min; we have designated the technique, endoscopic retrograde bowel insertion (ERBI). The test meals were 500 ml of water containing either 25 g D-xylose and 5 g polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000), or 100 g sucrose with 5 g PEG. Sucrose meals also contained 0, 100, or 200 mg of an inhibitor of alpha-glucosidase (BAYg5421). At the end of a 5-hr test period, the ratio of recovery of D-xylose relative to that of PEG indicated that 69% of D-xylose was absorbed. Five-hour urinary excretion of D-xylose was 31% of that ingested, or 45% of the D-xylose which was absorbed. Sucrose was recovered in ileal samples only when administered together with inhibitor. Rates of sucrose absorption with BAYg5421, 100 and 200 mg, were 75% and 65%, respectively. The perfusion technique of ERBI is a rapid and reproduceable approach to the distal small intestine of man which could be of value in the investigation of intestinal absorption.

Acarbose↗
PubMed1986

Renal kallikrein in diabetic patients with hypertension accompanied by nephropathy.

We measured the 24-h excretion of urinary kallikrein in 27 patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes and in 10 normal control subjects. Mean (+/- SD) kallikrein excretion in diabetic patients with nephropathy (6.2 +/- 2.4 naphthyl units (NU)/day, n = 13) was significantly lower than in control subjects (12.8 +/- 3.4 NU/day, p less than 0.01) and in diabetic patients without nephropathy (9.4 +/- 3.4 NU/day, n = 14, p less than 0.05). Kallikrein excretion in hypertensive diabetic patients with nephropathy (5.1 +/- 1.6 NU/day, n = 8) was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than in normotensive patients with nephropathy (8.3 +/- 2.1 NU/day, n = 5). There were no significant differences in kallikrein excretion rate (24-h excretion of urinary kallikrein/24-h creatinine clearance) among control subjects (9.9 +/- 4.3 NU/ml), diabetic patients with (9.0 +/- 3.2 NU/ml) and without (9.3 +/- 3.5 NU/ml) nephropathy. However, kallikrein excretion rate in hypertensive diabetic patients with nephropathy (7.7 +/- 3.3 NU/ml) was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than in normotensive diabetic patients with nephropathy (11.8 +/- 2.0 NU/ml, n = 10). Respective basal and post-stimulated (with intravenous furosemide 40 mg plus 60 min ambulation) plasma aldosterone concentrations measured in control subjects and in hypertensive diabetic patients with nephropathy were similar and increased to the same extent in the 2 groups (5.5 +/- 3.2 versus 5.3 +/- 3.2 and 9.3 +/- 2.6 versus 10.5 +/- 3.4 ng/ml), although the respective plasma renin activity tended to be lower in diabetic patients than in control subjects (0.7 +/- 0.6 versus 1.3 +/- 0.9 and 1.8 +/- 1.8 versus 3.0 +/- 2.6 ng-1 . ml-1 . h-1).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Renal effects of nicardipine in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension.

We studied the renal effects of nicardipine, a calcium entry blocker, in seven patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow (RBF) were measured by means of thiosulfate and para-aminohippurate, respectively. Intravenous administration of nicardipine hydrochloride (0.5 mg) increased RBF by 26.8 +/- 5.8% (mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.01), GFR by 35.4 +/- 12.4% (p less than 0.05), and urinary excretion of sodium by 56.4 +/- 10.7% (p less than 0.05) with a significant (p less than 0.01) reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure as compared to control values. Nicardipine decreased total renal vascular resistance by 30.0 +/- 3.2% (p less than 0.05) from the control value, while filtration fraction remained unchanged. Our results indicate that nicardipine has several favorable renal effects with a concomitant hypotensive action in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Determination of bovine enamel protein by enzyme-linked immuno-adsorbent assay.

A specific enzyme-linked immuno-adsorbent assay for enamel protein of the developing tooth was devised, using antibody against antigen prepared from immature bovine enamel. Samples containing 5-500 ng of amelogenin protein in 50 microliters gave consistent results. Bovine enamelin cross-reacted with the antibody but was less reactive than amelogenin. Proteins in other tissues or fluids did not react to the antibody.

Amelogenin↗
PubMed1986

Monocyte activating factor in sarcoidosis. I. Existence of the factor in sarcoidosis sera.

Sarcoidosis sera were found to have the ability to induce normal human monocytes to spread. Gel filtration of sarcoidosis sera on Sephadex G-200 showed that the factor mainly responsible for this activity had a molecular weight of about 70,000. The spreading factor also possessed the ability to increase all cell size of normal human monocytes as well as to increase their phagocytosis and glucose consumption. Accordingly, the spreading factor seems to be considered as a monocyte activating factor. Sarcoidosis sera showed a macrophage migration inhibitory activity, as well. On Sephadex G-200 column chromatography of the sera, the most obvious inhibitory activity was eluted in the fraction with a molecular weight of about 45,000. The macrophage migration inhibitory factor had the ability neither to increase cell size of normal human monocytes nor to increase their phagocytosis and glucose consumption.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1986

Monocyte activating factor in sarcoidosis. II. Secretion of the factor from monocytes.

The normal human monocytes pretreated with the monocyte activating factor found in sarcoidosis sera were shown to secrete a factor which induced normal human monocytes to spread as well as to increase their cell size. Phagocytosis and glucose consumption of normal human monocytes were also increased by this secondarily obtained factor. Its molecular weight was about 70,000. These results indicate that this secondary factor may be the same substance as the monocyte activating factor found in sarcoidosis sera. The normal human monocytes pretreated with the monocyte activating factor were also shown to liberate a factor which generated macrophage migration inhibitory factor in cooperation with normal human sera.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Plasma renin activity, active and inactive renin concentrations, and their responses to beta 1-adrenoceptor blockade with metoprolol in hyperthyroidism.

Plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma renin concentration (PRC), inactive renin concentration (IRC) and total renin concentration (TRC) were measured in 31 normal controls and in 8 patients with hyperthyroidism. TRC was determined as angiotensin I generated with sheep renin substrate after an acid activation of plasma. The angiotensin I of non-acidified plasma was expressed as PRC. IRC was calculated as TRC minus PRC. The mean values for PRA, PRC, IRC and TRC were significantly (P less than 0.05 to P less than 0.01) higher in the hyperthyroid patients than in the normal or euthyroid controls. The administration of a beta 1-adrenergic blocker, metoprolol (120 mg/day for 14 days), produced a significant (P less than 0.05 to P less than 0.01) fall in levels of T4, PRA and TRC, and reduced the active renin ratio calculated from PRC/TRC significantly (P less than 0.025), as compared to the pretreatment values. Our observations support the idea that the higher PRA in hyperthyroidism is due to an increased secretion of renin. Furthermore, the results may indicate that the conversion of inactive to active renin is accelerated in hyperthyroidism, possibly by an increased sympathetic activity.

Adult↗