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Biomedical subjects

T Arima

Publications and source records attributed to T Arima.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Serum dehydroepiandrosterone and DHEA-sulfate in patients with adult T-cell leukemia and human T-lymphotropic virus type I carriers.

The serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-sulfate (DHEA-S) were determined by radioimmunoassay in 38 patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). Levels of serum DHEA and DHEA-S were also measured in 60 human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) carriers, and did not differ from those in 60 healthy control subjects. Serum levels in patients with ATL were lower than those in the age- and sex-matched healthy controls and in HTLV-I carriers with statistical significance. Serum DHEA and DHEA-S in male patients with acute and lymphoma-type ATL were 1.06 +/- 0.77 ng/ml and 245.8 +/- 192.9 ng/ml, respectively. Levels in male patients with chronic and smoldering-type ATL were 1.69 +/- 0.68 ng/ml and 477.6 +/- 251.5 ng/ml, respectively. Serum levels of DHEA and DHEA-S in patients with acute and lymphoma-type ATL were significantly lower than those in patients with chronic and smoldering-type ATL (P < 0.05). These data suggest that a decrease in serum levels of DHEA and DHEA-S may be associated with patients who have some clinical subtypes of ATL. Moreover, androgens may have a therapeutic role in patients with ATL, as administered in patients with hairy-cell leukemia. Because there is at present no curative chemotherapy for ATL, a trial combination of androgens and standard chemotherapy may be a reasonable therapeutic option in such patients.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1996

Regulation of [Ca2+]i rise activated by doxepin-sensitive H1-histamine receptors in Jurkat cells, cloned human T lymphocytes.

To clarify the presence of histamine receptor and its transmembrane mechanism in human T lymphocytes, we investigated the effects of agonists or antagonists of histamine receptor subtypes and bacterial toxins on intracellular concentration of Ca2+ [Ca2+]i), [3H]pyrilamine binding and c-fos mRNA expression in Jurkat cells, cloned human T lymphocytes. H1-agonists (histamine and 2-methylhistamine) caused a transient rise of [Ca2+], and H1-antagonists (pyrilamine and doxepin) inhibited the histamine-induced [Ca2+]i rise more potently than the H2-antagonist (cimetidine) on the H3-antagonist (impromidine). Binding parameters of [3H]pyrilamine binding were Kd = 5.53 nM and Bmax = 2,647 sites/cell. Pretreatment with B.pertussis, V.cholera. or C.botulinum toxin did not influence histamine-induced [Ca2+]i rise. Western Blot analysis using antibodies against subunits of GTP-binding proteins indicated that Gq/G11 richly existed in Jurkat cells. Histamine induced mRNA expression of an immediate early gene c-fos. Pretreatment with a protein kinase C activator, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, caused almost complete inhibition of histamine-induced [Ca2+]i rise, but did not do so by activators of cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinases.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Composition and effect of denture base resin surface primers for reline acrylic resins.

This study investigated the effect of resin surface primers for reline acrylic resins on the surface texture of denture base resin by use of scanning electron microscopy. Analysis of the composition of the primers was also conducted. The composition of the primers was classified into three groups: solvent based, monomer based, and monomer and polymer based. Scanning electron microscopic observation revealed various effects of the primers on the denture base resin surface, which depended on the composition of primers.

Acetone↗
PubMed1996

Long-term survival of rat to mouse cardiac xenografts with prolonged blockade of CD28-B7 interaction combined with peritransplant T-cell depletion.

BACKGROUND: The hCTLA4Ig/mCTLA4Ig fusion protein of the extracellular domain of human/mouse CTLA4 and the Fc portion of the human/mouse immunoglobulin G1 block the CD28/B7 costimulatory T-cell activation pathway. We evaluated the effect of prolonged B7-CD28 blockade, T-cell depletion, or both on rat to mouse cardiac xenografts. METHODS: C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice receiving infant Wistar Furth (RT1u) rat cardiac xenografts were treated with anti-CD4 (GK1.5) and anti-CD8 (2.43) monoclonal antibodies (mAb; 0.2 mg intravenous each) on days -2 and 0, hCTLA4Ig or mCTLA4Ig every other day from day 0 until day 14 and then twice a week until day 50 or day 100, or both. Changes in cellular reactivity were assayed by mixed lymphocyte culture and cell-mediated cytotoxicity and the development of cytotoxic antibodies was serially measured after transplantation. RESULTS: Either human CTLA4Ig or murine CTLA4Ig alone led to significant prolongation of rat to mouse cardiac xenografts (median survival time [MST], 22 or 26 days, respectively [p = 0.008], versus control). hCTLA4Ig given for 50 days in combination with two doses of anti-CD4/CD8 monoclonal antibodies further prolonged graft survival (MST, 61 days; p versus control < 0.0001). In this combination, when hCTLA4Ig was continued until day 100, the graft survival was further prolonged (MST, 119 days). mCTLA4Ig for 100 days plus anti-CD4/CD8 similarly prolonged rat xenograft survival (MST, 94 days). However, all cardiac xenografts eventually failed, primarily from humoral rejection. Cytotoxic antibody titers rose rapidly only in animals rejecting a graft, and suppressed cell-mediated immunity had completely recovered in rejecting recipients. CONCLUSIONS: Blockage of the CD28-B7 costimulatory interaction can inhibit both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and result in the prolonged acceptance of rat to mouse cardiac xenografts. Longer administration of CTLA4Ig and anti-CD4/CD8 monoclonal antibodies further prolongs but does not achieve indefinite survival of rat cardiac xenografts.

Abatacept↗
PubMed1996

Analysis of composition and structure of hard autopolymerizing reline resins.

The authors investigated the composition and structure of six hard auto-polymerizing reline resins. The chemical compositions, glass transition temperatures, molecular weights and particle size distributions of the powders, and the chemical compositions of the liquids were examined. The powder compositions were classified into three groups. The first group contained poly(methyl methacrylate). The second contained poly(ethyl methacrylate) and poly(methyl methacrylate/ethyl methacrylate) and the third contained poly(ethyl methacrylate). The average molecular weights of these powders was about 2 x 10(5). The indexes of molecular weight dispersion suggested that all powders contained polymers that had a narrow molecular weight distribution. The particle size distribution of these powders was classified into two groups. The first group was mainly in the range of 50-100 microns and the second mainly between 20 and 50 microns. The composition of the liquids was classified into three groups. The first group contained a monofunctional methacrylate monomer. The second contained a monofunctional methacrylate monomer and a plasticizer and the third contained monofunctional methacrylate monomers and cross-linking agents. The results of this experiment showed the differences in composition among the products. This will be useful for examining the relationship between the composition and mechanical properties of hard autopolymerizing reline resins.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1996

The effects of cross-linking agents on the water sorption and solubility characteristics of denture base resin.

Six different cross-linking agents were added to the monomer component of an autopolymerizing denture base resin, and their effects on the water sorption and solubility were investigated. The results of this study suggested that the chemical nature of the polymer versus that of the water molecule directly affected the water sorption of denture base resin. The addition of a cross-linking agent decreased the solubility with increasing concentration.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1996

Relationship between intracoronary thrombolysis and fibrino-coagulation--special reference to TAT/PIC and FPA/PIC.

To clarify the relationship between the results of intracoronary thrombolytic therapy (ICT) and fibrino-coagulation in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) and fibrinopeptide A (FPA), as indices of accelerated coagulation, and the plasmin- alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), as an index of accelerated fibrinolysis in peripheral blood, were measured just before and after heparin injection (5,000 U), and immediately after ICT. Twenty-four patients with AMI were divided into 2 groups according to the results of ICT; successful ICT (group S) and unsuccessful ICT (group F). As a control group (group C), 14 age-matched normal volunteers were also studied. The levels of TAT and FPA before ICT were significantly higher in groups S and F than in group C (p < 0.01). The TAT level before ICT in group F was higher than that in group S (p = 0.07), however, the TAT, FPA and PIC levels showed no significant differences between groups S and F at each sampling time. TAT/PIC before ICT was significantly higher in group F than in group S (F: 0.026 +/- 0.020 vs S: 0.008 +/- 0.004, p < 0.05), whereas there was no remarkable difference in FPA/PIC between groups S and F. These results indicate that hyper-coagulation had occurred in the AMI cases and that coagulation had been more accelerated in group F. TAT/PIC might be an index of the equilibrium of the fibrino-coagulating system. Therefore, TAT/PIC measurement before thrombolytic therapy may be more useful than TAT measurement alone for evaluating recanalization in ICT.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Case report: varicella-zoster virus myelitis--serial MR findings.

The authors describe a 32-year-old male in whom herpes zoster of the left upper extremity was complicated by the development of cervical myelitis. Contrast enhancement and abnormal signal intensity on T1 and T2 weighted images was seen at C1-C6 levels in the spinal cord and medulla. There was also slight enlargement of the cord at these levels. On serial MR imaging the degree of enhancement changed from marked to none with corresponding clinical improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Adult T-cell leukemia complicated with intestinal tuberculosis].

We report a patient with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) complicated with intestinal tuberculosis. A 57-year old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever and dyspnea. He was diagnosed as ATL by leukocytosis [leukocyte count 18,200/microliters with 56% of abnormal lymphocytes which express CD4(+) and CD25(+)] and seropositive result of anti-HTLV-1 antibody. Combination chemotherapy for ATL improved his serum LDH level and peripheral lymph nodes, but fever was still persistent. He had an emergency operation because of perforation of the cecum during the chemotherapy. Histological examination of the resected cecum revealed caseous necrosis and numerous mycobacterium, which induced a diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis. Although there have been several reports on pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with ATL, this is the first report of intestinal tuberculosis in ATL as far as we know. We conclude that if the patients with ATL have persistent fever of unknown origin, we should take account of intestinal tuberculosis as one of differential diagnosis.

Fever of Unknown Origin↗
PubMed1996

[The fellow eye in patients with retinal detachment associated with atopic dermatitis].

The fellow eyes of 13 cases of retinal detachment associated with atopic dermatitis were examined by binocular ophthalmoscope combined with scleral indentation. Breaks in the retina or pars plana were detected in 8 cases (62%); 2 of these eyes had asymptomatic retinal detachment. The most common location of these breaks was at the vitreous base symmetrical to the affected, symptomatic eye. Meticulous ophthalmoscopic examination is recommended for both eyes in patients with retinal detachment associated with atopic dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Inhibition of constitutive nitric oxide synthase in the brain by pentamidine, a calmodulin antagonist.

Nitric oxide (NO) which is produced by activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent NO synthase is known to induce neuronal damage. We examined the effects of 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT, a reverse transcriptase inhibitor), pentamidine (a therapeutic drug for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) and calmodulin antagonists such as trifluoperazine and N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide (W-7) on NO synthase activation. Although AZT had no effect on the activity of constitutive neuronal NO synthase, pentamidine inhibited the activation of neuronal NO synthase as did trifluoperazine and W-7. The inhibition by pentamidine was prevented by the addition of purified calmodulin. In addition, pentamidine inhibited calmodulin-dependent activation of neuronal NO synthase purified from rat cerebellum. From these results, it is suggested that pentamidine inhibits the neuronal NO synthase activation by probably acting as a calmodulin antagonist.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1995

Secondary amyloidosis with severe autonomic dysfunctions.

A 46-year-old male underwent hemodialysis because of progressed glomerulo-nephritis. Since he suffered from severe diarrhea during the course of the illness, both gastric and colon biopsies were performed. Significant amyloid deposition was recognized in the submucosal layer of these specimen. This amyloid was positive for anti-AA-protein antibody staining and soluble in KMnO4 solution, indicating secondary induced amyloid. Despite of absence of orthostatic hypotension, examinations revealed extreme reduction in tears and salivary secretion, anhidrosis, a decrease in the coefficiency of variation of the cardiographic R-R interval, and a decrease in the accumulation of [123I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) in the heart, suggesting that severe glandular and visceral autonomic dysfunctions had occurred in the patient.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗