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Biomedical subjects

T Aoki

Publications and source records attributed to T Aoki.

At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (glutamine-hydrolyzing): increased activity in cancer cells.

The specific activity of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (glutamine-hydrolyzing), the first and rate-limiting enzyme of de novo uridine 5'-triphosphate biosynthesis, was increased in 13 transplantable hepatomas, particularly in the rapidly growing tumors (5.7- to 9.5-fold), and the rise was correlated with tumor growth rates. Thus, synthetase activity was linked with both hepatic neoplastic transformation and progression. Synthetase specific activity was so elevated in a transplantable sarcoma (18-fold) and a kidney adenocarcinoma (5-fold). The increased activity should enhance the capacity of the pathway and should confer selective advantages to cancer cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Morphological evidence for the innervation of apocrine sweat glands in the general hairy skin of the goat.

A histomorphological and histochemical study was made on the nerve supply to the apocrine sweat glands in the general hairy skin of the goat. In harmony with the previous report that the sweat glands in the goat are functionally under the control of sympathetic nervous system, the present study clearly demonstrates cholinesterase-reactive nerve fibers that closely surround the secretory portion of these glands in most of the hairy skin area, though the nerve network is fairly coarse. Analysis with cholinesterase inhibitors indicated that the sudomotor nerves in the goat contain both specific and non-specific cholinesterase.

Acetylthiocholine↗
PubMed1981

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activities and glucocorticoid receptors in leukaemia.

The relation between terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) activity, glucocorticoid (GC) receptors and the effect of vincristine-prednisolone (VP) therapy on fresh leukaemia cases was examined. Five of 6 TdT+ leukaemias showed high levels of GC receptors and a favourable response to VP therapy, whereas 1 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and 3 of chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) cases in blast crisis with no TdT activity showed low level of GC receptors and poor response to VP therapy. Significant correlation (r = 0.821, P less than 0.01) was observed between TdT activity and the number of GC receptor sites in these cases. X2 test showed significant difference (P less than 0.01) between TdT+ and TdT- leukaemias in the effect of VP. A significant difference (P less than 0.01) was also observed between VP-effective and ineffective leukaemias in the number of GC-receptor sites by unpaired t test. Therefore GC receptors may be responsible for the effect of VP on TdT+ leukaemias.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Immunological effects of 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1alpha-OH-D3) and its metabolites.

An immunosuppressive substance was detected in the serum and plasma of hemodialysis patients. There was a marked increase in its activity immediately after hemodialysis. This substance was not detected in the plasma of hemodialysis patients treated with 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1alpha-OH-D3), although its disappearance was unrelated to either the total dose or the duration of treatment with 1alpha-OH-D3. During in vitro studies, 1alpha-OH-D3 did not change the phytohemagglutinin-, staphage lysate- and concanavalin A-induced and spontaneous lymphoproliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from a healthy person. Furthermore, addition of 1alpha-OH-D3 to the plasma of hemodialysis patients who had not received 1alpha-OH-D3 did not interfere with the suppressive activity. On the other hand, 1alpha,24(R)-dihydroxycholecalciferol, 1alpha,24(S)-dihydroxycholecalciferol, and 1alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, which are all metabolites of 1alpha-OH-D3, suppressed mitogen-induced lymphoproliferation of PBL from a healthy person.

Adult↗