Accelerated secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide during exercise in effort angina.
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Angina Pectoris↗
Biomedical subjects
T Aoki
Publications and source records attributed to T Aoki.
Solitary left ventricular metastasis of renal cell carcinoma.
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
Collapse of diseased arteries with eccentric cross section.
The mechanism of atherosclerotic plaque rupture is not fully understood. Mechanical stress may be one of the factors contributing to the instability of the fibrous plaque cap. The existence of a severe stenosis may lower the transmural pressure enough to cause the collapse of arteries leading to high concentrated compressive and tensile stresses. This study presents quantitative estimates of the stresses and deformations in the collapsed thick-walled artery. The results of large deformation finite element calculations identify the locations of the high stress concentrations and their magnitudes which cannot be precisely predicted under a thin-wall assumption. The maximum compressive stress calculated reached 80% of the Young's modulus for fairly small negative transmural pressures. Results are useful to predict likely locations of the plaque cap rupture due to compressive stresses. The tube law of area as a function of transmural pressure showed a large discrepancy from a thin-wall calculation. The buckling pressure calculated for the outer-to-inner wall surface radius ratio of 1.60 was nearly 30% lower than that of the elastic thin-wall buckling theory. An increase in eccentricity further reduced this buckling pressure. The results indicate that a thick plaque which is eccentric increases the likelihood of collapse of stenotic arteries.
Arteries↗
Deficiency of holo-, but not apo-, ceruloplasmin in genetically copper-intoxicated LEC mutant rat.
Long-Evans Cinnamon(LEC) mutant rats exhibited less than 5% of normal levels of serum ceruloplasmin oxidase activity, but immunoblot analysis showed normal levels of immunologically detectable ceruloplasmin protein in sera from the mutant rats. Immunostaining of cryosections from the liver tissues with anti-ceruloplasmin antibody showed no significant difference between normal and LEC rats. Results from pulse labeling of ceruloplasmin for 3 hours with [35S]methionine in primary hepatocyte culture, followed by immunoprecipitation, SDS-PAGE and fluorography, showed only minor changes in ceruloplasmin protein synthesis and secretion. These results suggest that the mutation(s) does not affect ceruloplasmin gene expression, but results in a failure in the mechanism whereby copper is incorporated into newly synthesized apoceruloplasmin to produce oxidase active holoform.
Animals↗
Discovery of HTLV-1.
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History, 20th Century↗
Sister-chromatid exchanges induced by trihalomethanes in rat erythroblastic cells and their suppression by crude catechin extracted from green tea.
An in vitro sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) assay using rat erythroblastic leukemia cells was conducted with four major trihalomethanes (THMs): chloroform, CHCl3; dichlorobromomethane, CHCl2Br, dibromochloromethane, CHClBr2; bromoform, CHBr3. In the absence of S9 mix, CHBr3, CHClBr2 and CHCl2Br significantly induced SCEs in a clear dose-dependent manner, while CHCl3 did not significantly induce SCEs. On the other hand, the incidence of CHCl3-induced SCEs significantly increased, although the incidence of CHBr3-induced SCEs decreased by the addition of S9 mix. However, there was no difference between the incidence of SCEs induced by CHBr3, CHClBr2 or CHCl2Br in the absence of S9 mix and that in the presence of S9 mix. The addition of crude catechin to the SCE assay system suppressed the ability of CHCl3 or CHBr3 to induce SCEs but had no suppressive effect on the other THM-induced SCEs. The suppression of SCEs induced by CHCl3 or CHBr3 depended on the crude catechin dose.
Animals↗
New subtype of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy identified with nuclear magnetic resonance imaging as an underlying cause of markedly inverted T waves.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical importance of a new subtype of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that could not be diagnosed with the classical diagnostic criteria. BACKGROUND: Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is recognized by a characteristic spade-shaped intraventricular cavity on the end-diastolic left ventriculogram in the right anterior oblique projection, often associated with giant negative T waves [negativity > or = 1.0 mV (10 mm)]. As an underlying cause of giant negative T waves, an additional new subtype of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has been identified. METHODS: In 40 patients with inverted T waves (negativity > or = 0.5 mV), including 26 patients with giant negative T waves, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) long-axis images corresponding to the left ventriculogram in the right anterior oblique projection and short-axis images at various levels, including the apical level, were obtained to define the site of hypertrophied myocardium. RESULTS: Long-axis images indicated a spadelike configuration in 17 patients, whereas this diagnostic configuration was not present in the other 23 patients. Nine of these 23 patients had significantly hypertrophied myocardium at the basal level. In the 14 remaining patients, short-axis images indicated no hypertrophy at the basal level and proved that the area of hypertrophied myocardium was confined to a narrow region of the septum or the anterior or lateral wall at the apical level (nonspade apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). The hypertrophied myocardium of the nonspade type was so narrowly confined that the mass did not form a spadelike configuration or could not be detected on the long-axis image. CONCLUSIONS: Nonspade apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was newly identified on NMR short-axis images, and this could be an additional, important underlying cause of moderately to severely inverted T waves.
Aged↗
Human macrophage colony-stimulating factor levels in cerebrospinal fluid.
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of 14 patients with meningitis and of 14 patients suffering from a disease other than meningitis were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All four bacterial meningitis patients had M-CSF levels in the cerebrospinal fluid which exceeded 1540 U/ml, and the mean value was 3333 +/- 1481 U/ml. The mean M-CSF level in the cerebrospinal fluid of the ten aseptic meningitis patients was 393 +/- 175 U/ml, which was higher than that of patients who suffered from a disease other than meningitis (179 +/- 90 U/ml) (P < 0.01). There was no clear correlation between the M-CSF levels and the numbers of white blood cells, granulocytes, or monocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid. These elevated M-CSF levels were thought to be of a local origin, since most patients with high M-CSF levels in the cerebrospinal fluid had relatively low M-CSF levels in the serum.
Adult↗
A new cannula-inserting method for measuring vascular responsiveness. Separate intraluminal and extraluminal perfusion of canine basilar artery.
We modified the cannula-inserting method to examine the difference in response of vessels to intraluminal or extraluminal application of vasoactive substances. A polyethylene roof was designed to cover the isolated canine basilar artery so that an extraluminal superfusion stream could pass over an artery that simultaneously received an intraluminal perfusion. An extraluminal administration of KCl produced a monophasic transient vasoconstriction, but intraluminal KCl produced relatively small tonic constriction even at high concentrations. Serotonin-induced vasoconstrictions were significantly larger with intraluminal administration than with extraluminal. Prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced vasoconstriction exhibited no significant difference between the administration routes. Endothelin caused a long-lasting constriction, which was slightly larger in extra- than intraluminal administration. Our modified cannula-inserting technique provides a new method to examine the different effects produced by intraluminal and extraluminal application of drugs.
Animals↗
Syntheses and biological activities of chemically stable prostacyclin mimics with cis-bicyclo[4.3.0]nonene ring system: the novel homoisocarbacyclin analogues.
The synthetic studies concerning a series of homoisocarbacyclin analogues, which are homologous compounds of isocarbacyclin, with cis-bicyclo[4.3.0]non-2-ene or cis-bicyclo[4.3.0]non-3-ene as a nucleus have been carried out. The general synthetic methods of homoisocarbacyclin analogues have been accomplished starting with the versatile Corey lactone. Among the analogues synthesized in the present studies, a promising compound (TY-11223) exhibiting a good selectivity in biological actions was found to be studied further.
Animals↗
Polymorphism in the human dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) in Japanese detected by PCR.
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Base Sequence↗
The structure of the chloramphenicol resistance gene on a transferable R plasmid from the fish pathogen, Pasteurella piscicida.
The chloramphenicol resistance gene (pp-cat) was cloned from a transferable R plasmid of Pasteurella piscicida, pSP9351, and the sequence of the gene was determined. Subcloning and deletion analysis localized the resistance gene, pp-cat, to within a 2.3 kb HincII-BamHI fragment. The fragment as a probe hybridized with the type I chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene and did not hybridize to CAT types II, III, and CAT-VA. The fragment hybridized to transferable R plasmids encoded with resistance to chloramphenicol, which were detected from P. piscicida isolated in different years. Nucleotide sequences of the coding and flanking regions of pp-cat (2031 bp) identified an open reading frame coding type I CAT of a molecular mass of about 25,000 Da. Comparison analysis of the sequences outside the cat open reading frame showed also that pp-cat has homology, in part, with the gene that coding for the endonuclease EcoRII and those that flank the cat gene derived from the Acinetobacter baumannii chromosome.
Animals↗
Drug resistance and broad geographical distribution of identical R plasmids of Pasteurella piscicida isolated from cultured yellowtail in Japan.
An MIC test of 12 chemotherapeutic agents performed on 175 strains of Pasteurella piscicida collected from cultured yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) in different areas of Japan from 1989 to 1991 revealed 152 strains (87%) with resistance to combinations of ampicillin (AP), chloramphenicol (CP), kanamycin (KM), nalidixic acid (NA), sulfamonomethoxine (SA), tetracycline (TC), and/or trimethoprim (TMP). The remaining 23 strains were sensitive to all the drugs tested: AP, cefazolin, CP, florfenicol (FF), furazolidone, KM, NA, novobiocin, SA, streptomycin, TC, and TMP. FF showed the most effective antibacterial activity against P. piscicida with MICs ranging from 0.004 to 0.6 microgram/ml. One hundred and forty-nine of the 152 resistant strains carried transferable R plasmids encoding one of the Cp Km Sa Tc, Km Sa Tc, Km Sa, and Sa resistance. The most common resistance marker of transferable R plasmids identified in P. piscicida was Km Sa Tc. R plasmids encoding three different resistant markers were very similar on the basis of their digestion patterns with restriction endonucleases. There was homology among the DNAs of nine transferable R plasmids selected. Our findings suggest that multiple drug resistant strains of P. piscicida carrying transferable R plasmids with the same DNA structure are common in yellowtail farms and that the R plasmid has been retained within the P. piscicida population without change in their DNA structure according to geography and year.
Animals↗
A case of malignant haemangioendothelioma treated with recombinant interleukin-2.
A case of malignant haemangioendothelioma of the scalp in an 82-year-old female treated with intralesional, intra-arterial and intravenous recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) is reported. The scalp lesions disappeared after injection of 35,350,000 Japan reference units of rIL-2 and excision of the residual tumour. Immunohistochemical characterization of the cells infiltrating the lesion after rIL-2 administration revealed 30-40% CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, 20-30% macrophages and 5-10% natural killer cells. These findings are similar to those in other human cancers. Almost all of the cells in the intersticies of the lesion after rIL-2 injection expressed leucocyte function-associated antigen-1, and some of the tumour cells and the infiltrating cells around them expressed intercellular adhesion molecule-1. HLA-DR-positive cells markedly increased in number after rIL-2 administration. This report suggests that rIL-2 administration is the most effective therapy for malignant haemangioendothelioma.
Aged↗
A histochemical and immunohistochemical study of extra-ocular sebaceous carcinoma.
A histochemical and immunohistochemical study of five cases of extra-ocular sebaceous carcinoma was performed using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens. Histochemically, the clear cells of sebaceous carcinomas were negative with periodic acid-Schiff and alcian blue staining. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells of sebaceous carcinomas showed positive reactions for epithelial membrane antigen, human milk fat globules subclass 1, human milk fat globules subclass 2 and Leu M1, but did not express carcinoembryonic antigen, breast carcinoma associated antigen, S-100 protein, gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 or Dako M1. These histochemical and immunohistochemical findings were compared with those of other skin cancers which must be distinguished histopathologically from sebaceous carcinoma. We conclude that sebaceous carcinoma can be distinguished from eccrine porocarcinoma, malignant clear cell hidradenoma, extramammary Paget's disease, malignant trichilemmoma, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma by histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Management of colorectal polyps in children.
Forty-two patients each with a colorectal polyp have been treated in our hospital over the past 10 years. In twenty-two cases the polyps were noted in the rectum, nine in the sigmoid colon, seven in the descending colon and four in the transverse colon. Each patient had only one polyp. Hematochezia was the main symptom in 29 patients, prolapse of the polyp from the anus in 10, abdominal pain due to intussusception in two and no symptoms were observed in one. Auto-amputation of the polyp was considered to have occurred in five patients. Twelve rectal polyps were resected from a transanal operation, and another 25 polyps were removed endoscopically with electric cautery. We have had no experience of endoscopic complications such as bleeding or perforation. A histological examination revealed an adenoma in one patient. Other polyps were non-neoplastic and were classified as juvenile, inflammatory and hyperplastic in 30, two and four patients, respectively. There have been no recurrences of polyps to date.
Child↗
Muscle contraction and inward current induced by silver and effect of Ca2+ channel blockers.
Single fibers from toe or anterior tibialis muscle contracted transiently and then tonically in the presence of 1.8 mM Ca2+ on addition of 10 microM Ag+. Exposure of fibers to Cd2+ completely inhibited tonic contraction and modified phasic contraction to some extent. Nifedipine at 10 microM initially potentiated and then completely inhibited twitch tension; subsequently, fibers no longer contracted phasically in response to 20 microM Ag+, whereas slight tonic contraction still occurred. Fibers with membrane potential clamped at -90 mV produced maintained inward current on application of Ag+. Simultaneous administration of 1 mM Cd2+ and 10 microM Ag+ to fibers voltage clamped with the double mannitol gap technique almost completely blocked the inward current. Removal of Cd2+ elicited a rapid and large inward current. Ag(+)-induced inward current was inhibited when 1 mM Cd2+ was applied to fibers during development of the inward current. In fibers paralyzed with 10 microM nifedipine, the inward current induced by 10 microM Ag+ was partially inhibited. These results suggest that phasic contraction induced by Ag+ is controlled by L-type Ca2+ channels (probably voltage sensors) located in the T-tubular membrane, whereas tonic contraction involves Ca2+ channels sensitive and/or insensitive to dihydropyridine in the surface and T-tubular membranes.
Animals↗
Characterization of recombinant human neuron-specific enolase and its application to enzyme immunoassay.
Human gamma-enolase cDNA prepared by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was cloned into the Escherichia coli expression vector pKK223-3. The resulting plasmid, pHTK503, expressed human gamma-enolase as a 46-kDa protein in SDS-PAGE, and in the cells as the active gamma gamma form (designated as recombinant human NSE; R-NSE). R-NSE was purified from E. coli by several chromatographic elutions. Finally, 6.0 mg of R-NSE from 8.1 g cells was purified with a specific activity of 86 units/mg protein. The structural properties of R-NSE were compared with the NSE purified from human brain tissue (B-NSE). The biochemical and enzymatic characteristics were essentially the same, except for the isoelectric point (4.5 for B-NSE and 4.7 for R-NSE). In an NSE immunoassay system, R-NSE and standard NSE were almost equal in reactivity to the anti-NSE antibody. These results indicate that R-NSE can be used as standard assay material.
Amino Acid Sequence↗