Herbal medicine can induce hypertension.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
T Andoh
Publications and source records attributed to T Andoh.
Intraoperative radiation therapy for malignant glioma.
Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) was used as part of the initial therapy for malignant glioma in 32 of 73 patients with histologically verified anaplastic astrocytoma (grade III astrocytoma) and glioblastoma multiforme. The initial treatment for all cases was subtotal or total tumor resection combined with external irradiation and chemotherapy. IORT was performed 1 week after tumor resection, with doses of 10-50 Gy (mean 26.7 Gy) in one session. Fourteen of 32 cases had IORT two times because of tumor recurrence. The IORT patients had survival rates at 24 and 36 months after initial treatment of 57.1 and 33.5% (median survival 26.2 months). The other 41 patients had 23.6 and 13.1% survivals (median survival 20.7 months), which were significantly lower (p less than 0.01). Tumor recurrence within the original lesion site was suspected because of clinical condition, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging studies in 65.6% of the IORT group (21 cases) 12 months after initial treatment. Twenty cases of death in the IORT group, including five autopsy cases, demonstrated regional tumor recurrence with a high incidence of intraventricular tumor invasion. The authors consider IORT is beneficial for selected malignant glioma patients, including tumor recurrence, because of prolonged survival.
Adolescent↗
[Biological functions of DNA topoisomerases].
DNA topoisomerases are enzymes involved in various aspects of genetic processes by catalyzing topological changes of DNA. In DNA replication of closed circular DNA, for example, the parental strands are unwound as the synthesis of daughter strands proceed and overwinding and hence positive supercoils are introduced and accumulated in the unreplicated portions of the molecules, which retard and inhibit progression of replication machinery. Analogous situation may often prevail in transcription, recombination etc. within the cells. In order to solve this problem inherent in the metabolism of circular or looped double stranded DNA, living organisms may have evolved the exquisite device of DNA topoisomerases. In the present article biological functions of DNA topoisomerase are briefly reviewed.
Animals↗
[Mechanisms of acquired resistance to DNA topoisomerase I inhibitors].
The mechanisms of acquired resistance to mammalian DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, camptothecin or its derivative (CPT-11) were described. Tumor cell lines containing altered or reduced topoisomerase I were reviewed. It might be necessary to further study on reduced inhibitor uptake and other unknown mechanism.
Animals↗
[CO diffusing capacity during continuous negative extra-thoracic pressure].
Eight healthy males were studied to compare CO diffusing capacity (DLCO) during spontaneous breathing with that during continuous negative extra-thoracic pressure (CNETP). Mean DLCO was 33.0 +/- 5.1 ml.min-1.mmHg-1 during spontaneous breathing and 33.5 +/- 4.5 ml.min-1.mmHg-1 during CNETP with an end-expiratory negative extra-thoracic pressure (EENETP) of -20 cmH2O, and there was no significant difference between them (P less than 0.05). Pulmonary capillary blood volume, which was measured only in a male, was 76.7 ml during spontaneous breathing and 80.5 ml during CNETP. This change dose not seem to be significant. The results suggest that the effect of pulmonary diffusing capacity changes during EENETP on improvement of oxygenation may not be significant.
Adult↗
[A case of adenocarcinoma of the stomach associated with SIADH].
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Adenocarcinoma↗
[Pulmonary embolism complicated with stroke: analysis of 5 cases].
Though pulmonary embolism (PE) has been thought to be rare, the incidence seems to be increasing recently. During the past 10 years the authors have encountered 5 cases of PE among stroke patients. There were 2 males and 3 females, aged 51 to 71 years (mean age; 63 years). The mean time between admission and onset of PE was 23 days. As to the primary disease to be treated, 5 patients had subarachnoid hemorrhage and one had intracerebral hemorrhage. Generally, PE tends to be overlooked or misdiagnosed because of the fact that stroke patients are often in a state of unconsciousness. In our series, only one patient complained of dyspnea and the other 4 patients due to unexplained sudden tachycardia, tachypnea and hypoxemia were suspected to have PE. Deep venous thrombosis known as the risk factor leading to PE was presented in 3 patients. Especially in one patient, femoral venous catheterization was considered as a risk factor possibly leading to deep venous thrombosis. Regarding the diagnosis of PE, the roles of electrocardiogram and of chest x-ray film were small. In 3 patients, the elevation of the diaphragm was the only abnormal finding on chest X-ray. On the other hand, the lung scintigram with 99mTc-MAA was a useful method for definitive diagnosis of PE. In 3 patients, filling defects were demonstrated on the lung perfusion scintigrams. Consequently, we emphasize that PE must be kept in mind when tachycardia, tachypnea and hypoxemia appear suddenly. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are required.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aged↗
[Spontaneous carotid-cavernous sinus fistula; analysis of 16 cases].
We have encountered 16 cases with spontaneous carotid-cavernous sinus fistula. According to the classification reported by Barrow, one case was type A; direct shunt between the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the cavernous sinus (CS), 5 were type B; dural shunt between meningeal branches of the ICA and the CS, 6 were type C; dural shunt between meningeal branches of the external carotid artery (ECA) and the CS, and 4 were type D; dural shunt between meningeal branches of both ICA and ECA and CA. Of all cases, 8 patients with low-flow fistula treated conservatively improved spontaneously. Three patients were treated with irradiation. Consequently, good results were obtained in 2 cases, but no improvement could be obtained in the remaining one with high flow fistula. Another four patients were treated with intravascular embolization via the ECA, and their symptoms improved. But one patient treated with Ivalon embolization died because of complicated pulmonary embolism. As spontaneous CCF had a high rate of spontaneous regression of symptoms, conservative treatment such as Matas maneuver or irradiation should be recommended at first for low flow cases in type B, C, and D. Surgical therapy such as intravascular embolization should be carried out for high-flow cases in type C and D.
Adult↗
[Respiratory flow and chest wall motion during negative extrathoracic pressure ventilation in human volunteers].
Respiratory flow and chest wall motion during negative extrathoracic pressure ventilation (NETPV) were compared with those during spontaneous breathing in 8 healthy male volunteers. Chest wall motion was evaluated by separate measurement of the changes in the cross sectional area of rib cage and abdomen, using respiratory inductive plethysmograph. During NETPV, expiratory flow was characterized by a large peak and a rapid decline at the early expiratory phase. NETPV increased the relative contribution of rib cage motion to tidal ventilation, and induced the abdominal paradoxical movements at inspiration in two volunteers. These results indicate that NETPV augments rib cage motion rather than abdominal motion, and this altered mechanics of chest wall may change intrapulmonary distribution of inspired gas.
Adult↗
[Fusiform and dissecting aneurysm of the vertebrobasilar systems: differential diagnosis].
Fusiform aneurysms (FA) and dissecting aneurysms (DA) of the vertebro-basilar systems have been thought to be rare, but recently reports of these aneurysms have increased. The differential diagnosis between FA and DA is requisite for deciding therapy or for prognosis, but it is often difficult to distinguish these aneurysms even if angiographies are conducted. The authors have treated 6 cases with FA and 5 cases with DA during the past 17 years. As the initial symptom, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was noted in all 6 cases with FA. On the other hand, 2 cases of SAH, 2 cases of brain stem infarction, and 1 case of ischemic attack were noted in DA cases. The aneurysmal locations of FA were at the vertebral artery (VA) in all 6 cases, and those of DA were at the VA in 3 cases and at the basilar artery (BA) in 2 cases. As angiographic findings of DA, pearl & string signs were demonstrated in 3 cases, and retention of contrast medium was noted in 3 cases. Diagnosis of FA is comparatively easy on angiography but when angiospasm exists, it is difficult to differentiate DA from FA. Consequently, repeated angiography is recommended. MR imaging findings of 2 cases with FA were compared with those of 3 cases with DA. No abnormal findings, excepting a dilatation of the signal-void area corresponding to the arterial blood flow were shown in FA, but various abnormalities were detected in all of the 3 cases with DA. Namely, an intimal flap and a double lumen in 1 case, intra-mural hematoma in 1 case, and a hematoma adjacent to the parent artery in 2 cases were demonstrated. Thus, MR imaging was thought to be a useful means for distinguishing between FA and DA.
Adult↗
[Effects of continuous negative extrathoracic pressure ventilation (CNETPV) on gas exchange and hemodynamics in dogs with oleic-acid-induced pulmonary edema].
To investigate usefulness of continuous negative extrathoracic pressure ventilation (CNETPV) as a method of respiratory care for pulmonary edema, we compared effects of CNETPV on gas exchange and hemodynamics with those of CPPV in dogs with oleic-acid-induced pulmonary edema. End-expiratory negative extrathoracic pressure was adjusted to obtain the same increase in functional residual capacity as that obtained with PEEP of 10 cmH2O. Transmural pressure was calculated by subtracting intrapleural pressure from intravascular pressure. Both CNETPV and CPPV improved gas exchange, and changes in PaO2 and venous admixture were similar with two ventilatory modes. During CNETPV, PvO2 and oxygen delivery were significantly greater than those in CPPV. CPPV did not alter transmural filling pressures but decreased cardiac output, whereas CNETPV increased transmural filling pressure and preserved cardiac output. These results indicate that CNETPV can offer comparable improvement in gas exchange with CPPV, when two ventilatory modes are matched for lung volume. In addition, these results suggest that CNETPV may be superior to CPPV because of less depression of cardiac output and greater oxygen delivery to organs.
Animals↗
Enhanced expression of DNA topoisomerase II by recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in human leukemia cells.
The effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) expression was studied in two human acute myelogenous leukemia cell lines, NKM-1 and NOMO-1, which express G-CSF receptor and proliferate in response to exogenous G-CSF. Northern blot analysis revealed that the level of topo II mRNA in 16-h stimulated cells in serum-free medium with G-CSF (10 ng/ml) was approximately 2-fold higher than that in cells without G-CSF. Enhanced topo II mRNA expression was detectable within 3 h after the addition of G-CSF. Topo II activity in crude nuclear extracts from 16-h G-CSF-stimulated cells was also found to be approximately 2-fold greater than that from unstimulated cells. According to in vitro cytotoxic assay, the sensitivity of G-CSF-stimulated cells to intercalating (daunorubicin) and nonintercalating (etoposide) topo II-targeting drugs increased significantly, whereas no enhancement of sensitivity was observed with an alkylating agent (4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide). The augmented drug sensitivity observed was not due to the increased level of drug transport, as suggested by the similar extent of [3H]etoposide uptake between G-CSF-stimulated and unstimulated cells. By measuring the topo II mRNA and the cytotoxicity of the above mentioned drugs, we obtained essentially the same results in G-CSF-responsive leukemia cells isolated from three acute myeloblastic leukemia patients, as observed in the cultured cell lines. These findings strongly suggest that the sensitivity to "topo II-targeting drugs" could be augmented by exogenous G-CSF through elevated topo II activity in G-CSF-responsive leukemia cells.
Blotting, Northern↗
A three allele TaqI polymorphism at TOP1 gene.
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Alleles↗
Acidic phospholipids directly inhibit DNA binding of mammalian DNA topoisomerase I.
Inhibition of mammalian DNA topoisomerase I by phospholipids was investigated using purified enzyme. Acidic phospholipids inhibited the DNA relaxation activity of topoisomerase I whereas neutral phospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, did not. Accumulation of a protein-DNA cleavable complex, an intermediate which is known to accumulate upon inhibition by a specific inhibitor camptothecin, did not occur. The filter binding assay revealed that the DNA binding activity of the enzyme was inhibited by acidic phospholipids. Moreover, direct binding of phosphatidylglycerol to topoisomerase I was demonstrated. These results indicated that the inhibitory effect of acidic phospholipids on topoisomerase I was due to the loss of the DNA binding of the enzyme as a result of direct interaction between phospholipids and the enzyme.
Animals↗
1H-NMR studies on water structures in the rat brain tissues with cerebral tumour or ischaemia.
Spin-lattice relaxation times (T1) of water protons and cross-relaxation times (T(IS)) between irradiated protein protons and observed water protons were measured to study water structure in various rat brain tissue. A tumour-bearing rat model and an incomplete forebrain ischaemia model of stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) were used for the experiments. T(IS) and T1 were measured by the inversion recovery FT method with and without f2-irradiation at 7.13 p.p.m. and gamma H2/2 pi approximately 69 Hz, respectively, using a 360 MHz FT-NMR spectrometer. All of experiments on T1 and T(IS) yielded a single kind of component. In spite of small changes in T1 and water content, T(IS) values in peritumoural oedematous and ischaemic brain tissue were significantly shorter than those of normal brain and far shorter than those of brain tumour, indicating a large amount of hydration of marco-molecules in the oedematous and/or ischaemic rat brain tissue. T(IS) might be sensitive parameter for studying the water structure in various brain tissue.
Animals↗
Dissecting and fusiform aneurysms of vertebro-basilar systems. MR imaging.
The magnetic resonance (MR) findings of three cases with vertebro-basilar dissecting aneurysms (DA) were compared with those of two cases with vertebro-basilar fusiform aneurysms (FA). No abnormal findings, excepting a dilatation of a signal-void area corresponding to the arterial blood flow, were shown on the MR images in the patients with a FA. In contrast to the FA cases, various abnormalities were detected by the MR studies in all three DA cases. An intimal flap and a double lumen were demonstrated in one case. An intra-mural hematoma was shown in one case. A hematoma neighboring the parent artery was demonstrated in two cases. MR imaging was thought to be useful for detecting intracranial vascular lesions, such as a DA, and for discriminating between a DA and a FA.
Adult↗
Collateral drug sensitivity induced in CPT-11 (a novel derivative of camptothecin)-resistant cell lines.
Collateral drug sensitivity was induced in CPT-11-resistant cell lines (CPT-K and T). Ten of the 19 kinds of antineoplastic agents (especially, 5 of 6 kinds of DNA topoisomerase II inhibiting agents) were effective in inducing collateral drug sensitivity. Alteration of DNA topoisomerase I seemed to be unrelated to acquisition of multidrug resistance.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
Defined formula diets alter characteristics of the intestinal transport of amino acid and peptide in growing rats.
Recently defined formula diets are widely used for patients with digestive diseases. Long-term administration of such diets is presumed to change the absorptive characteristics of the small intestine. We investigated the influence of the defined formula diet on the absorptive capacity of growing rats by measuring the potential difference of sugars, amino acid, half-maximum concentration (kt) of these substrates, the activities of disaccharidase and dipeptidase, and the portal amino acid concentrations. There was no significant difference in the body weight of rats fed amino acid or peptide diets and those given the normal chow, but the administration of the defined formula diets reduced the absorption of amino acid and small peptide per serosal area and kt. On the other hand, absorption of sugars was not significantly influenced by the type of the diets. The differences in the absorptions of amino acid and peptide following the administration of the defined formula diet might be associated with the change in the resistance of the unstirred water layer or the alteration in the active transport system of amino acids or peptides in the small intestine. No significant differences were observed between the influences of the amino acid and the peptide diets.
Amino Acids↗