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Biomedical subjects

T Ando

Publications and source records attributed to T Ando.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Pyruvate as a fluorescence quencher: a new spectroscopic assay for pyruvate reactions.

Pyruvate ion, which is biologically ubiquitous and participates in many metabolic reactions, was found to be an effective quencher of fluorescence. Compared to other negatively charged quenchers such as I-, pyruvate is not toxic to proteins. By adding an inert, long-lived fluorophore to systems transacting pyruvate, it is possible to estimate activity by measuring the time course of the change in pyruvate quenching of the fluorophore. The procedure is illustrated by measuring the myosin subfragment-1 ATPase activity with a high sensitivity.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1983

Bacteriology of acute otitis media in Japanese children.

Bacteriologic investigations were performed on 100 children with acute otitis media by culturing the fluid from a myringotomy site. Patients ranged in age from 7 months to 14 years, and 91 were younger than 6 years old. Bacterial isolates were yielded from cultures in 83 cases, and mixtures of two or three organisms were obtained from 15 patients. Among the total of 100 isolates, the most predominant organism was Streptococcus pneumoniae (28), followed by Hemophilus influenzae (26), Staphylococcus aureus (19), and Streptococcus pyogenes (six). Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ampicillin sodium against S pneumoniae and H influenzae were 0.016 to 0.032 and 0.25 to 0.5 mg/L, respectively. None of the strains of H influenzae were resistant to ampicillin. The MICs of dicloxacillin sodium, cephalexin monohydrate, cefaclor, and erythromycin to H influenzae were 8 to 32, 8 to 16, 2 to 8, and 2 to 8 mg/L, respectively. The preferred drug for acute otitis media would be ampicillin in Japan, but we have to consider antistaphylococcal antibiotics for the patients who do not respond to 48 hours of treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Isolation of a tetracycline-resistance plasmid excised from a chromosomal DNA sequence in Bacillus subtilis.

When Bacillus subtilis GSY908 (recE4-) (H. C. Spatz and T. A. Trautner, 1971, Mol. Gen. Genet. 113, 174-190) protoplasts were infected with Staphylococcus aureus plasmid pNS1 specifying tetracycline resistance (Tcr) (N. Noguchi et al., 1983, Gene 21, 105-112), which was modified such that it either could not replicate or did not carry a functional Tcr gene, a plasmid with a molecular weight of 3.1 X 10(6) (4.9 kb) was generated in Tcr phenotypes. This plasmid, named Tcr pNS1981, exhibited completely different restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns to pNS1 and showed only negligible sequence homology in hybridization experiments. Southern hybridization experiments revealed that pNS1981 arises by excision of a B. subtilis chromosomal DNA sequence. No sequence corresponding to pNS1 was detectable on the chromosome of pNS1981-maintaining B. subtilis. The production of pNS1981 was also observed in B. subtilis RM125 (r-Mm-Mrec+) (T. Uozumi et al., 1977, Mol. Gen. Genet. 152, 65-69.) with almost the same frequency as B. subtilis GSY908. Since the recipient B. subtilis Marburg 168 derivatives stated above are sensitive to Tc, the results indicate that information essential for Tcr is under negative regulatory control in the integrated state on the chromosome. Restriction endonuclease analysis suggested that pNS1981 is essentially the same as pBC16, formerly found in B. cereus (K. Bernhard, H. Schrempf, and W. Goebel, 1978, J. Bacteriol. 133, 897-903).

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1983

Mutagenicity of coal-pyrolyzed products and their photochemical reaction products with nitrogen oxides in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100.

The chemical class separation of coal-pyrolyzed products and the photochemical reaction of these fractions with nitrogen oxides in the experimental chamber, and the application of a short-term mutagenicity test were investigated. The altered products from the fraction hydroxy polycyclic aromatic compounds in a simulated atmosphere containing a small volume of nitrogen oxides under irradiation with a xenon lamp were the most potent mutagenic fraction among all the fractions tested against Salmonella typhimurium, both TA98 and TA100, with or without S9.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Evidence for cross-bridge order in contraction of glycerinated skeletal muscle.

The linear dichroism of iodoacetylrhodamine labels attached to the single reactive thiol groups of myosin heads was measured to determine the spatial orientation of myosin cross-bridges in single glycerinated skeletal muscle fibers. We have shown previously that in rigor the chromophoric labels are well ordered and assume an orientation nearly perpendicular to the fiber axis; in the presence of MgADP, a large fraction of probe remains well ordered but the probe attitude assumes a more slanted orientation; in relaxed muscle, the probe order is largely lost, implying a high degree of cross-bridge disorder. In this paper, we report that during isometric contraction a large fraction of the probe shows a high degree of order, suggesting the attachment of approximately equal to 65% of the cross-bridges to actin. These ordered cross-bridges have a probe attitude similar to that of the MgADP-induced static state and hence are in a mechanical state quite distinct from rigor.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1983

Plasmids in Vibrio parahemolyticus strains isolated in Japan and Bangladesh with special reference to different distributions.

We surveyed plasmids in naturally occurring Vibrio parahemolyticus strains isolated in Japan and Bangladesh. Among the strains isolated in Japan, about half of the strains isolated from stools of patients of domestic diarrhea outbreaks as well as of travelers returning from East Asia were found to have plasmids, but no strains from foods had plasmids. In contrast, among the strains isolated in Bangladesh, none of the four strains isolated from patients had plasmids, but two out of eight strains isolated from water had plasmids, suggesting that plasmids are common in strains from the water in Bangladesh. All plasmids so far reported in V. parahemolyticus were detected in strains isolated from stools of patients. Incidences of plasmids in this organism were not so high in either area. In Japan, all plasmids were detected in strains from human intestines at 37 C, but in Bangladesh, where the temperature is around 30-40 C, the plasmids were detected in strains from the natural environment. These results suggested the possibility that these plasmids can come from different bacteria under rather high temperatures and that incidences of plasmids are influenced by the incidences of plasmids in bacteria present in the vicinity of V. parahemolyticus strains. None of these plasmids were found to have any relation to the biological characters tested.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

The role of the renal kallikrein-kinin system in sodium metabolism in normal and low renin essential hypertension.

In order to investigate the pathophysiological role of the renal kallikrein-kinin system in renin subgroups of essential hypertension, the quantity and activity of urinary kallikrein, urinary kinin excretion, and correlations of kallikrein and kinin excretions with renal sodium handling in the renal tubules were studied in 17 normal subjects, 23 patients with normal renin and 12 patients with low renin essential hypertension. Urine samples were collected by the 2-hour clearance method in the early morning. The quantity and activity of urinary kallikrein, and the urinary excretion of kinin were significantly lower in both low and normal renin patients than in normal subjects. Comparing the normal renin and the low renin group, no significant difference was found in the quantity of urinary kallikrein, while the activity of urinary kallikrein and urinary kinin excretion were significantly lower in low renin patients than in normal renin ones. Fractional excretions of sodium (FENa) and inorganic phosphorus (FEP), which reflect renal tubular and proximal tubular sodium reabsorption, respectively, were significantly lower in the low renin patients than in the normal renin ones. A significantly positive correlation was observed between the urinary kallikrein activity or urinary kinin excretion and FENa or FEP in both normal subjects and normal renin patients, but not in low renin patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Plasma antidiuretic hormone levels in patients with normal and low renin essential hypertension, and secondary hypertension.

In order to investigate the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in essential hypertension and secondary hypertension, plasma ADH levels were measured in normal subjects, in patients with normal and low essential hypertension, and in other patients with various forms of secondary hypertension. Plasma ADH levels were significantly lower in low renin essential hypertension and higher in malignant hypertension than in normal subjects. The plasma ADH levels tended to be lower in renal hypertension and primary aldosteronism, and higher in renovascular hypertension, but these differences were not statistically significant. From these results, it appeared that ADH might play a role in malignant hypertension, but not in the other hypertensive diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

New streptothricin-group antibiotics, AN-201 I and II. Screening, fermentation, isolation, structure and biological activity.

Two streptothricin-group antibiotics, AN-201 I and II, were newly discovered and isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces nojiriensis C-13. These antibiotics were purified by IRC-50 (H+) and CM-Sephadex C-50 chromatography, and paper electrophoresis. Structural analysis of AN-201 I and II showed that they were N beta-acetylated derivatives of streptothricin E and D, respectively. They had antibacterial activities against several strains of Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus, and showed a strong selective cytotoxic effect on 3T3 cells transformed with SV-40 as compared with their normal cells in a test system in vitro as well as in vivo.

Animals↗