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Biomedical subjects

T Ando

Publications and source records attributed to T Ando.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

In vitro effects of hyaluronan on prostaglandin E2 induction by interleukin-1 in rabbit articular chondrocytes.

Effects of hyaluronan (HA) on the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production induced by recombinant human interleukin-1 beta (rhIL-1 beta) in rabbit articular chondrocytes were studied in vitro. The rhIL-1 beta-induced PGE2 production was dose-dependently inhibited by HA. HA with the highest molecular weight (M(r) = 2.0 x 10(6)) exhibited an inhibitory effect that was statistically more significant than the same polymer of lower molecular weights (M(r) = 1.0 x 10(6), 0.5 x 10(6)). This effect was observed in both young and adult rabbit articular chondrocytes. Since PGE2 has been implicated as a mediator of inflammatory joint diseases, our observations suggest that HA may elicit an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting PGE2 production.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Increase in serotonin levels in the dog ileum and blood by cisplatin as measured by microdialysis.

Involvement of ileal and circulating serotonin (5-HT) levels in cisplatin-induced emesis was examined using a microdialysis technique and an extraction method in dogs. The 5-HT levels in the ileal dialysate were increased to 232-294% of the basal level from 100 to 180 min after cisplatin administration (3 mg/kg, i.v.) and had returned to the basal level 280 min after dosing. The 5-HT levels in the blood dialysate were increased to 424-2165% from 140 to 180 min after dosing. The concentrations of 5-HT determined by HPLC following extraction were increased to 271% in the ileal mucosa and to 478% in plasma 3 hr after dosing. In immunohistochemistry, the number of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells was increased to 166% in the ileal mucosa following cisplatin treatment. These results strongly suggest that increases in the release and synthesis of 5-HT in the gut, probably in the enterochromaffin cells, are intimately involved in cisplatin-induced emesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

The increased signal intensity at the vertebral body endplates after chemonucleolysis demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging.

Changes in signal intensity observed by magnetic resonance imaging in the contiguous end plates of injected discs after chemonucleolysis over a period of 2 years in 28 patients were evaluated. These changes appeared to be of two types; a transiently increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images, and a progressively increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images with isointense or hyperintense signal on T2-weighted images. The former appeared within three months and disappeared within 2 years. This change was observed in six patients (21%), whose mean age was higher than that of the other patients. This change correlated with the preinjection state of the affected disc. The latter appeared after 2 years and was accompanied by sclerotic changes on roentgenograms. These changes were observed in five patients (18%). The discs, of which the contiguous end plates showed these changes, did not recover the decreased nuclear signal intensity in four patients. These changes are considered to be a sign of degenerative spondylosis in the treated segment.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Allergens from Dermatophagoides mites with chymotryptic activity.

A new set of allergens from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae (provisionally named DP5 and DF5, respectively) was isolated from the whole culture of mites. The apparent molecular weights of both allergens were shown to be 25,000 on SDS-PAGE under a reducing condition and 27,000 on Sephadex G-75 gel filtration chromatography. Both DP5 and DF5, as well as Der f III, possessed proteolytic activity. The results of substrate specificity and susceptibility to various protease inhibitors of DP5 and DF5 strongly suggested that they belonged to the chymotrypsin-like serine protease family. In sera from 88 mite-allergic patients, specific IgE antibodies to DP5 and/or DF5 were detected in only 41% of the sera by radio-allergosorbent test, while 90% and 93% had specific IgE antibodies to Der p I and/or Der f I and Der p II and/or Der f II, respectively.

Allergens↗
PubMed1993

Trypsin-like protease of mites: purification and characterization of trypsin-like protease from mite faecal extract Dermatophagoides farinae. Relationship between trypsin-like protease and Der f III.

A serine protease from mite faecal extract, Dermatophagoides farinae, was purified using DEAE-Sephacel anion exchange chromatography and Superdex 75 pg gel chromatography. The molecular weight of this protease was 34 kD on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. The optimal pH and temperature of the protease were 8.0 and 47 degrees C, respectively. In addition, this protease cleaved arginyl or lysyl residue containing substrates selectively and was only inhibited by aprotinin, FUT-175, and soy bean trypsin inhibitor and not by chymostatin, E-64 and iodoacetic acid. These results show that our purified serine protease belongs to the trypsin-type. Purified trypsin-like protease was shown to be allergenic by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antigenicity of trypsin-like protease was completely different from those of Der f I and Der f II. Both, 20 N-terminal amino acid sequence and amino acid compositions of the purified protease were very similar to those of Der f III. Good similarities were found between trypsin-like protease and Der f III concerning physicochemical properties such as molecular weight on SDS-PAGE and ammonium sulphate solubility. Summarizing the above data, it can be concluded that a trypsin-like protease from mite faecal extract is actually the Der f III allergen and that it may be involved in the digestive process of the mite as it was found not in mite body but in mite faeces.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Photocytotoxicity of water-soluble metalloporphyrin derivatives.

A new water-soluble porphyrin derivative, 2,4-bis(1-decyloxyethyl)-deuteroporphyrinyl-6,7-bisaspart ic acid (C10-DP), and its metal complexes (Ga, I(n), Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni and Fe) were examined for their physicochemical properties (absorption, fluorescence, triplet lifetime and partition coefficient) and photocytotoxicity on HeLa cells. The five derivatives with longer (> 1 ms) triplet lifetimes (free base, Zn, Ga, I(n) and Sn complexes) exhibited remarkable photocytotoxicity, and the other derivatives (Mn, Cu, Ni and Fe), which had or were deduced to have fairly short (< 0.01 ms) triplet lifetimes, manifested no photocytotoxicity, indicating that the triplet lifetime of these derivatives played a significant role in their photocytotoxicity. Cellular fluorescence due to C10-DP and its gallium complex was observed mainly on the plasma membrane at the concentrations showing significant photocytotoxicity with low (< 32.6%) cytotoxicity in the dark (2-10 microM).

Aspartic Acid↗
PubMed1993

Suppressive effects of hyaluronic acid on elastase release from rat peritoneal leucocytes.

Effects of hyaluronic acid on the release of elastase from rat peritoneal leucocytes were studied by measuring the leucocyte elastase activity using a synthetic peptide substrate. Leucocyte elastase release was induced by opsonized zymosan, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine combined with cytochalasin B. Calcium ionophore A23187 potentiated the action of TPA on leucocyte elastase release, whereas hyaluronic acid inhibited leucocyte elastase release regardless of the method of stimulation. Inhibitory effects of hyaluronic acid were dependent on its concentration and molecular weight. Hyaluronic acid of the highest molecular weight (2.0 x 10(6)) indicated a potent inhibitory effect on elastase release. Our present findings suggest that hyaluronic acid may elicit an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting leucocyte elastase-dependent pathological processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[An outbreak of gastroenteritis due to group C rotavirus in Tokyo].

In April 1991, an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis due to group C rotavirus occurred at an elementary school in Tokyo. Fifty-one (13%) of 393 students became ill. The main clinical symptoms were diarrhea (100%), abdominal pain (68%) and vomiting (56%). No enteropathogenic bacteria were found in the fecal specimens. However, the virus particles morphologically indistinguishable from conventional rotavirus were detected in 6 of 11 fecal specimens by electron microscopy. Immune electron microscopy showed that these virions aggregated with anti-group C rotavirus serum. The RNA pattern of the virus particles involved in this outbreak showed a pattern similar to that of typical group C rotavirus on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Reduction of increased signal intensity in the basal ganglia on T1-weighted MR images during treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.

A 61-year-old man with liver cirrhosis showed a symmetrical increase in the signal intensity of the basal ganglia on T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images, which was diminished after 3 months of treatment for hepatic encephalopathy. He recovered from encephalopathy with treatment, and liver dysfunction (hyperammonemia and abnormal blood coagulation) as well as the results of quantitative psychometric tests showed a marked improvement. The cause of these high signal intensity changes on T1-weighted images and the reason for their partial reversibility are not known, but hyperammonemia due to portal-systemic shunting might be closely related to these clinical observations.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1993

Recurrence of choroid plexus papilloma with malignant transformation--case report and lectin histochemistry study.

A very rare primary choroid plexus carcinoma occurred in a 44-year-old male presenting with occipitalgia, nausea, and blurred vision. The tumor had progressed from a choroid plexus papilloma in the fourth ventricle which was totally removed 6 years previously. Lectin histochemistry might be useful for the differential diagnosis of primary choroid plexus neoplasms and other brain tumors such as secondary carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Metabolic polymorphism of E6123 in rhesus monkey.

1. The metabolic polymorphism of a new thienodiazepine platelet activating factor receptor antagonist (E6123) in rhesus monkey was studied in vivo and in vitro. 2. After i.v. dosing of 14C-E6123, the levels of radioactivity in blood, plasma and red blood cells were higher in poor metabolizers (PMs) with AUC(0-24 h) values which were about 1.3-1.5 times higher than those in extensive metabolizers (EMs). 3. After i.v. dosing of 14C-E6123, radioactivity was excreted rapidly by both EMs and PMs. However, EMs excreted the radioactivity mainly in urine whereas, for PMs, radioactivity was excreted fairly equally in urine and faeces. 4. In vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that the metabolic polymorphism of E6123 in rhesus monkey is caused by a difference in the hydrolysis of an amide side chain. 5. Our results suggested that there are two types of the enzymes which metabolize E6123 by this route in EMs, but only one type in PMs. 6. The low affinity enzyme in EMs might be the same as the enzyme in PMs, indicating that the metabolic polymorphism of E6123 in rhesus monkey could depend on the existence of a high affinity enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Inhibitory effects of hyaluronan on neutrophil-mediated cartilage degradation.

The effects of hyaluronan on neutrophil-mediated cartilage degradation were studied in an in vitro model. Rat peritoneal neutrophils were incubated for up to 18 h with the neutralized cartilage of bovine nasal septa using N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine combined with cytochalasin B, or opsonized zymosan, as a stimulation agent of neutrophils. Hyaluronan inhibited the neutrophil-mediated cartilage degradation by reducing the release of sulfated glycosaminoglycans from the cartilage. Inhibitory effects were dependent on concentration and molecular weight of hyaluronan. These results suggest that hyaluronan with a high molecular weight plays an important role in protecting the articular cartilage in inflamed joints from neutrophil injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Detection of free radicals in the blood of animals using extracorporeal circulation.

A method was designed to detect free radicals in circulating blood of animals using extracorporeal circulation and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). An arterial-venous shunt was inserted into male Wistar rats between the distal abdominal aorta and the inferior vena cava. The polyethylene tube of the shunt was flowed through a quartz EPR cell. The circulation was supported by manual pumping and maintained at a rate of 3 ml/min. No signal was detected in the blood of untreated rats. After a bolus injection of four spin labels, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl, 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine-1-oxyl, and 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrroline-1-oxyl, signals from each were detected. The intensity of the signal decreased exponentially and the half time was 23.9, 21.6, 47.1, 42.4 sec, respectively. After administration of ascorbic acid, ascorbyl radical signals were detected. This was enhanced by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-Fe or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-Fe but not desferrioxamine-Fe. This assay system is useful in detecting free radicals either administered or generated in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Ionic and nonionic fluoride levels in blood of dialyzed and undialyzed patients with renal failure and kidney transplanted patients.

The present study revealed that the total fluoride level in human whole blood is closely related to the renal function. For the undialyzed patients who had not undergone hemodialysis, the total fluoride level in whole blood linearly increased with the increase of creatinine (Cr) value. The increased fluoride was found to be nonionic in the other blood part than serum, while the nonionic fluoride level in serum was almost constant. That is, the hemodialysis treatment finally reduced the nonionic fluoride level in the other blood part than serum. On the other hand, one hemodialysis treatment could excrete ionic fluoride, but not nonionic fluoride. These results suggest that the ionic fluoride is transformed to nonionic fluoride to be accumulated in other blood part than serum and the nonionic fluoride is transformed to the ionic fluoride to be excreted. Thus the accumulation of nonionic fluoride in other blood part than serum plays a role of the buffer in preventing a too high serum fluoride level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Long-term results and indications of intraurethral stents in elderly patients with prostatic hypertrophy complaining of urinary retention].

Thirty-two elderly male patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy complaining of urinary retention were treated by polyurethane intraurethral stents. All of them were unfit for prostatic surgery due to the presence of several complications, and had been indwelt with a urethral balloon catheter. Cystometry before stent insertion was performed in 23 of the 32 patients. Eleven patients showed overactive bladder, 5 patients normal bladder, and 7 patients underactive bladder. Duration of stent indwelling ranged from 2 days to 22 months (mean 6.7 months), and stent could successfully function for more than 6 months in 20 of the 32 patients (62.5%). Nine of these 20 patients (45%) could keep continence of urine, and urinary tract infections improved in 7 of these 20 patients (35%). The stent failed in 4 of the 5 patients who had had previous operations for prostatic hypertrophy. In a comparison of the findings of urodynamic study prior to insertion of stent with the results of the stent, the results were significantly better in the patients with overactive or normal bladder than in those with underactive bladder (p < 0.05, chi-square test). Bladder stone formation was found in one patient and was the only complication among the 32 patients. In conclusion, stent placement without incontinence or urinary tract infection can be successful for more than 6 months in patients who do not have an underactive bladder and who had not had a previous prostatic operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Identification and biological activity of germination-inhibiting long-chain fatty acids in animal-waste composts.

Long-chain fatty acids in germination-inhibiting animal-waste composts were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. These acids were found at concentrations greater than 0.25 mg (g dry compost)-1. The identified acids, together with lauric acid, and five kinds of short- and medium-chain fatty acid, were tested for their effects on the germination process of sorghum seeds. The authentic long-chain fatty acids, which were dissolved in a 1:9 (v/v) mixture of methanol and distilled water at 40 mg liter-1, significantly reduced the alpha-amylase activity, physiological water uptake, and ATP content of the germinating seeds during the first 24 h of inhibition, as well as the rate of germination of seeds. Among the tested fatty acids, myristic and palmitic acids were the most potent inhibitors of germination. The inhibitory effects of long-chain fatty acids were stronger than those of the phenolic acids. The short- and medium-chain fatty acids did not have any significant germination-inhibitory effects at 40 mg liter-1. The results indicate that the long-chain fatty acids are the dominant inhibitors of germination in animal-waste composts, and that the inhibition of the alpha-amylase activity in germinating sorghum seeds is one aspect of the mode of action of these long-chain fatty acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Syringomyelic syndrome secondary to cervical canal stenosis and cervical spondylosis].

A 59-year-old man suffered from progressive muscular weakness and sensory loss of both upper limbs for seven years. Neurological examination revealed vest-form sensory loss of all modalities from the level of C3 to Th2 on both sides together with muscular weakness and atrophy of the upper limbs in predominantly proximal distribution. Deep tendon reflexes were generally hyperactive except for the left biceps brachii. Based on these neurological manifestations, a clinical diagnosis of syringomyelic syndrome was made. The plain X-ray showed anomalies of the craniovertebral junction; occipitalization of the atlas, separate odontoid and fusion of C2 and C3 vertebrae, as well as cervical canal stenosis with cervical spondylosis. On sagittal T2-weighted MRI, the spinal cord was compressed at multiple levels from C3/4 to C6/7, and an intramedullary high signal intensity area was demonstrated from the level of C1 to C3/4. T1-weighted axial image showed a cavity formation at the center of the cord from the level of C1 to C2. No chiari malformation was found. Normal pulsatile CSF movement was diminished below the level of compression on cine MRI. On delayed CT examination 6 hr after myelography, the contrast medium was collected inside the spinal cord and showed "snake-eyes" appearance at and near the level of spondylosis. Above this level extending to C1, there was a longitudinally oriented "pencil-shape" zone of intramedullary contrast collection. These neuroimaging findings well corresponded with the patient's neurological signs and symptoms. The muscular weakness of both upper limbs improved after conservative therapy including immobilization of the neck position.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cervical Vertebrae↗