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Biomedical subjects

T Akiyoshi

Publications and source records attributed to T Akiyoshi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

CD7+ stem cell leukemia/lymphoma. Features of a subgroup without circulating blast cells.

Recent advances in immunology have clarified the cellular origin of hematopoietic neoplasms. Blast cells with a CD7+ CD4- CD8- phenotype are demonstrated to originate from malignant pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells. In this article, the authors describe three rare cases, designated as a lymphoma type of CD7+ stem cell leukemia/lymphoma, with clinical features described below. All three patients were admitted with non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a 2-month to 4-month history of lymphadenopathy. Histologic examination of lymph nodes showed lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) in all patients. Bone marrow blast cells had an immunophenotype consistent with CD7+ CD4- CD8- acute leukemia, although abnormal cells were not observed in the peripheral blood during the course of the disease. One patient had a recurrence in the bone marrow, with myeloperoxidase-positive blast cells expressing myeloid differentiation antigens. Chromosomal analysis detected a common abnormal karyotype initially and at relapse. Furthermore, the same T-cell receptor gene rearrangement was found initially and at relapse, suggesting that these blast cells originated from the same pluripotent leukemic clone. Additional studies on more patients are required to determine the clinical significance of this group, including the difference from CD7+ stem cell leukemia/lymphoma with circulating blast cells (leukemic type) or LBL.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Cytotoxic cell function and phenotypic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in cancer patients treated with low-dose interleukin-2 and mitomycin C.

We previously found that the ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) of cancer patients to generate lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells became remarkably augmented after mitomycin C administration. On the basis of the clinical findings, we designed a treatment regimen comprised of 12 mg/m2 mitomycin C i.v. on day 1 and 700 U/m2 recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) i.v. every 12 h from day 4 through day 8. Of 25 patients with advanced carcinoma, 9 had a partial response and 3 had a minor response. Cytotoxic cell function, including natural killer activity, lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity, and the ability to generate LAK cells, and lymphocyte subsets in PBM was measured 1 day before and after either the first or second course of this therapy. The relationship between these parameters and the clinical antitumor response to this treatment was examined. Although the cytotoxic activities were significantly augmented after either the first or second treatment course, no positive correlation was observed between the changes in these cytotoxic activities and the clinical response to this therapy, when patients who either showed a partial response or whose disease remission was partial or minor were defined as responders. Further, phenotypic analysis showed a significant increase in CD2+, CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+Leu8- cells after the first course, and CD25+ cells after either the first or second course of this treatment. The percentages of CD2+ and CD25+ cells were significantly elevated only in responders but not in nonresponders, suggesting the increase in these subsets was related to clinical response.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

A reliable operative procedure for preparing a sufficiently nourished gastric tube for esophageal reconstruction.

We developed a reliable procedure for obtaining sufficient blood flow at the anastomotic site of the gastric tube for esophageal reconstruction. By utilizing the junction between the left gastroepiploic and short gastric vessels via the splenic hilar vascular arcade, the distal portion of the gastric tube could be sufficiently nourished. The application of this technique resulted in a complete prevention of postoperative anastomotic leakage after antesternal esophageal reconstruction.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Leukemoid reaction associated with diabetic ketoacidosis--with measurement of plasma levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

A 40-year-old man with diabetic ketoacidosis showed marked leukocytosis reaching 60,970/mm3 which subsided within 5 days to a level of 4,140/mm3. He had no evidence of infection. During the entire clinical course, no elevation of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was observed. No case of leukemoid reaction associated with diabetic ketoacidosis has been reported with the determination of plasma G-CSF levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Multivariate analysis of mandibular morphology with fetal growth by means of the soft standardized radiographs].

Mandibular growth of the fetus is a great matter of importance to anatomy, anthropology and also oral and Maxillofacial surgery. The postnatal changes of the mandible that have occurred with growth have been reported by numerous investigators. However, a few researchers have investigated the prenatal growth of the mandible. The purposes of this study were discussed how to change in size and shape of the mandible during the fetal period. The materials consisted of 162 human fetuses from the body length (BL) of 95 mm, to 500 mm. They were divided into four groups: 95-199 mm (BL1, N = 40), 200-299 mm (BL2, N = 76), 300-399 mm (BL3, N = 26), 400-500 mm (BL4, N = 20). All specimens were stored in formalin, and only those free from gross deformation were selected for study. The heads were removed by decapitation at the level of the hyoid bone. The soft standardized radiographs were taken of the frontal, lateral, basal aspects. They were used for tracing and angular and linear measurements (total thirty). The data were used to evaluate the mandibular form by multivariate analysis. They were supported the univariate analysis. The findings leads to the following conclusions: 1) Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were applied to the data to make clear the correlation between 30 variables. Four clusters were constructed at the level ninety similarities in cluster analysis. They were corresponded to four factors were obtained in principal component analysis. 2) The data were subjected to a stepwise discriminant function analysis using the seventeen of original 30 variables. Nine variables, mandibular length (Go-Me), mandibular ramus height (Col-Go), Symphyseal height (Id-Me), mandibular body height (Kr'-beta), gonial angle (< Co2, Go, Me), mental angle (< Id, Pog, Go), gonial width (BGo), alveolar width (BKr'), basal angle of mandible (< RGo, Me, LGo), were selected as the best discriminators. The incidence of correctly classified cases 88.68%. 3) As a result of the first discriminant function of the discriminant analysis and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test, mandibular length (Go-Me), gonial width (BGo), alveolar width (BKr'), Symphyseal height (Id-Me) were longer in tall group that short group (BL4 > BL3 > BL2 > BL1). Therefore, the first discriminant function was accounted for the size factor. 4) In consequence of the second discriminant function of the discriminant analysis and regression analysis, gonial width (BGo) was grown broader than alveolar width (BKr') from BL1 to BL2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1992

Serial histologic investigation of squamous epithelial dysplasia associated with carcinoma of the esophagus.

Esophageal dysplasia and carcinoma were reviewed in the surgical specimens obtained from 37 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 4 with adenocarcinoma; special attention was paid to the continuity of both lesions. Two hundred forty dysplasias and 113 carcinomas in situ (CIS) were recognized in the squamous cell carcinoma cases and 2 dysplasias and no CIS in the adenocarcinoma cases. The CIS often was accompanied continuously by severe dysplasia rather than mild or moderate dysplasia, suggesting some relationship between the CIS and the severity of dysplasia. However, many dysplastic lesions were located separately from the carcinoma. The frequency of appearance of the dysplasia near the CIS was low (11%), demonstrating a negative dysplasia-CIS sequence in many of the esophageal cancers. Lymphocytic infiltration was investigated further beneath the dysplasia or CIS. The degree of lymphocytic infiltration with lymphoid follicles correlated with the severity of dysplasia and was the highest in CIS.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

A trial of adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy with mitomycin C and OK-432 for stage III gastric carcinoma.

We previously found that the ability to generate cytotoxic cells induced by in vitro activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) with OK-432, a bacterial immunopotentiator, was markedly increased following intravenous administration of a single dose of mitomycin C (MMC) in cancer patients. On the basis of this clinical finding, we designed a treatment regimen that consisted of MMC 12 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 and OK-432 5 Klinische Einheit (KE) intradermally on days 6, 8, and 11, when the generation of OK-432 activated killer cells had been shown to be significantly augmented. Then, it was followed by long-term tegafur. Fifteen patients with stage III gastric carcinoma who had undergone curative resection were treated with the above regimen. The survival of these patients was significantly better than that of 26 comparable stage III patients concurrently treated with MMC 12 mg/m2 alone, followed by long-term tegafur (P less than 0.01). The results indicate that OK-432 combined with MMC may be effective against stage III gastric carcinoma, when these agents are used probably in an appropriate combination.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical analysis of lymphocyte subsets infiltrating gastric carcinoma after mitomycin C administration.

The intensity of lymphoid cell infiltration and distribution of lymphocyte subsets in tumors were investigated immunohistochemically on tumor tissues obtained from 11 patients with gastric carcinoma, who had been treated with mitomycin C (MMC), 12 mg/m2, i.v. 5 days before operation. The results were compared with those obtained from 24 untreated patients as controls. In the tumor tissues from pretreated patients, the intensity of lymphoid infiltration was not significantly different from that of untreated patients. However, high-grade infiltration of CD4+ cells was observed in 55% of pretreated patients, whereas only 8% of control patients exhibited the high-grade infiltration (P < 0.02). Since the CD8+ cell infiltration was not significantly altered, the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ cells was more frequently estimated to be more than 1 in patients pretreated with MMC, as compared to untreated controls (P < 0.02). Further, CD25+ cells in pretreated tumor tissues were more predominant than those in control tumor tissues (P < 0.05). These results suggest that MMC administration induces these alterations in lymphocyte subsets in tumor tissue in patients with gastric carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Correlation of eosinophilia with clinical response in patients with advanced carcinoma treated with low-dose recombinant interleukin-2 and mitomycin C.

On the basis of our clinical findings that the ability of cancer patients to generate lymphokine-activated killer cells became markedly augmented after mitomycin C administration, we designed a treatment regimen comprising mitomycin C 12 mg/m2, i.v. on day 1 and recombinant interleukin-2 700 U/m2 (8000 IU/kg), i.v. every 12 h from day 4 through day 8. The treatment course was repeated at almost 7-day intervals. Altogether 33 patients with advanced carcinoma, including mainly gastrointestinal carcinoma, were treated with this regimen. Of these, 10 had a partial response (PR) and 4 had a minor response (MR). Since eosinophil counts peaked 1 day after either the first or second course of the therapy, the posttreatment values were compared to each pretreatment level, with regard to the clinical antitumor response to this treatment. When patients who showed PR were defined as responders, absolute eosinophil counts and the percentage of eosinophils in responders after both the first and second courses of the therapy were significantly greater than each pretreatment value or the posttreatment level in nonresponders. Further, these findings were almost identical, when both PR and MR were considered to be a true remission and therefore patients who exhibited PR or MR were defined as responders, although the difference between posttreatment levels of eosinophils in responders and nonresponders was not significant at the second course. These results indicate that eosinophilia induced by this treatment correlates with the clinical response to this therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Enhanced production of interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor by peripheral monocytes after lentinan administration in patients with gastric carcinoma.

The effect of intravenous administration of lentinan, an immunopotentiating polysaccharide, on the production of interleukin 1-alpha (IL 1-alpha), interleukin 1-beta (IL 1-beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by monocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) was studied in patients with gastric carcinoma. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 10 patients before and 3, 5 and 7 days after a single dose of 2 mg lentinan injection. The ability of monocytes in PBM to produce IL 1-alpha was significantly augmented 3 and 5 days after lentinan administration, as compared with that before treatment. IL 1-beta production was also significantly increased 3, 5 and 7 days after the drug injection. Further, the capacity to produce TNF-alpha was significantly enhanced 3, 5 and 7 days after the drug administration. Thus, it is likely that the augmentation of these cytokine's production may contribute to the antitumor action of lentinan in patients with gastric carcinoma.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Enhanced induction of lymphokine-activated killer activity after lentinan administration in patients with gastric carcinoma.

In 15 patients with gastric carcinoma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) were obtained serially before and 3, 5 and 7 days after lentinan administration. The generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity, induced by in vitro activation of PBM with interleukin 2 (IL 2), was significantly augmented 5 days after a single intravenous dose of 2 mg lentinan, when compared with that before lentinan injection. Natural killer (NK) activity of PBM was also significantly enhanced 7 days after the drug injection. However, the distribution of lymphocyte subsets exhibited no significant change following lentinan administration.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of cytobrush with Cervex-Brush for endocervical cytologic sampling.

This study was designed to compare the quality of the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear and side effects associated with the Ayres spatula/cytobrush combination and the Cervex-Brush. We evaluated 165 Pap smears, of which 84 (51%) were cytobrush/spatula specimens, and 81 (49%) were from Cervex-Brush specimens. The cytobrush/Ayres spatula combination and the Cervex-Brush alone were equally successful in detecting squamous cells, however, the cytobrush/Ayres spatula combination was significantly better in picking up endocervical cells than the Cervex-Brush (p less than 0.01). There were no significant differences between the two techniques in degree of bleeding and pain in adolescents. The combination of the cytobrush and spatula appears to be superior to the Cervex-Brush alone in producing adequate Pap smears.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Preliminary evidence that incorporation of 5-fluorouracil into RNA correlates with antitumor response.

A comparative study of two different species of a fluorouracil assay was conducted on 11 patients who had carcinoma that was deemed unresectable after the surgical operation. For these patients FU at a dose of 10 mg/kg was intravenously administered before operation, and portions of the tumors were resected within 120-150 min to assay both the (FU)RNA/RNA and FU/protein. After surgery, all patients were given FU alone either intravenously or orally. The FU, which was in an acid-soluble material (FU/protein), was not related to the antitumor effect of FU. However, the FU in RNA [(FU)RNA/RNA)] was found to be related to the antitumor effect of FU. When the concentration of (FU)RNA/RNA was above approximately 200 ng/mg, FU was effectual in unresectable carcinomas. It is probable that the (FU)RNA/RNA may be more suitable than FU/protein for predicting the antitumor effect of FU.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

[Analysis of T-cell receptor delta chain gene in hematological malignancies].

We analyzed the rearrangement of T-cell receptor (TcR) delta chain gene in 196 cases of hematological malignancies. This rearranged band (s) was observed in 15% of the total cases investigated. All T-ALL patients and cell lines, except for P30/Okubo, had a new band (s) or deletion of J delta 1 gene locus, indicating the gamma delta T-cell type or the alpha beta T-cell type. In the other T-cell malignancies, the delta rearranged band (s) was recognized in 5% of T-cell lymphomas, 20% of AILD but not in ATL, Hodgkin's disease, T-CLL. Inappropriate delta rearrangement was frequently recognized in 63% of B-ALL and 50% of CML-BC but none or few (5% less) in B-CLL, B-lymphoma and AML. Southern blotting, using J delta 1 and V delta gene probes or Pst I enzyme digestion, indicated that the inappropriate delta rearranged band in B-ALL and CML-BC is V delta 2D or DD without a J delta locus. The rearranged band (s) involved J delta locus, was mostly recognized in 5/6 cases of CD7 (+) stem cell leukemia. Therefore, the TcR delta gene is useful in evaluating clonality for the most immature T-cell neoplasms, not showing rearrangement of the other TcR genes. Moreover, this delta gene may be a useful tool for distinguishing T-lineage from the other lineages, using the characteristic rearrangement pattern (V delta 2D as a inappropriate pattern, or (D) DJ and V (D) DJ as the T-lineage pattern (s)).

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1992

[A case report of an acute promyelocytic leukemia patient showing remarkable thrombopoiesis prior to granulopoiesis by hM-CSF treatment after chemotherapy].

We report a case of an acute promyelocytic leukemia patient who showed remarkable thrombopoiesis prior to granulopoiesis by human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hM-CSF) treatment after chemotherapy. A 50 year-old man was diagnosed as acute promyelocytic leukemia (FAB classification: M3) with t(15;17). He received two courses of induction therapy with daunorubicin and cytarabine followed by consolidation therapy with cytarabine and mitoxantrone. After each course of chemotherapy. hM-CSF (8 x 10(6) units, daily) was given for 14 days. After each treatment with hM-CSF, the increase in number of platelets preceded increase of granulocytes and reticulocytes. When serum levels of granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte-colony simulating factor (G-CSF), interleukins-3 (IL-3) and -6 (IL-6) were measured, only that of G-CSF was increased after hM-CSF treatment.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗