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Biomedical subjects

T Akashiba

Publications and source records attributed to T Akashiba.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Relationship between pulmonary functions and sleep respiratory abnormalities in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].

Pulmonary function tests were performed in 18 cases of obstructive sleep apnea in supine and sitting positions and the relationship between pulmonary function and polysomnographic data was analyzed. %FRC and PaO2 were reduced in the supine position compared with those in the sitting position. It was suggested that the reduction of PaO2 was mainly caused by the elevation of CC/FRC ratio in supine position. The relationship between pulmonary function data and polysomnographic data were analyzed, and an inverse relationship between %FRC in sitting position and desaturation was observed and also a positive relationship between PaO2 in the supine position mean-nadir SO2 was found. Saw-tooth sign and VE50/VI50 greater than 1 on flow-volume curves were not related to the apnea index and desaturation index. These results indicate that the F-V curve is not useful for the diagnosis of OSA.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Study on frictional characteristics of KB horizontal brackets. A comparative study of kinetic frictional forces to be caused between various kinds of brackets and wires].

KB horizontal brackets were designed to tip no more than 6 degrees at the maximum. This tipping amount is based on the idea of reducing friction between a wire and brackets to allow the effective tooth movement of the Begg technique even with horizontally long brackets, and does not originate in the concept of carrying out tipping movement. Thereon, experimental measurements by use of Rheometer were conducted to review for comparison of the kinetic frictional forces caused between various wires and the following four types of brackets; KB horizontal brackets, Tip edge brackets, Straight edge brackets and Begg brackets. 1. In case of utilizing ribbon arch wires and rectangular wires, no significant difference was acknowledged among Tip edge, KB horizontal and Straight edge brackets. 2. There proved to be a reduction in the kinetic frictional forces by incorporating tip into the edgewise slots, when using smaller dimensions of the wires which call for the effective tooth movement, however, Begg brackets (in conjunction with Ordinary T-pins and/or Safety T-pins) showed the small value which is far less than that of the three kinds of brackets.

Orthodontic Appliances↗
PubMed1987

Temperature affects lung fluid and recoil during high tidal ventilation at low resting volume.

Effects of tidal volume (VT), end-expiratory pressure (EEP), and environmental temperature (Tenv) on elastic recoil force (Pel) and edema formation were examined in open-chest anesthetized rabbits. Sixty-two rabbits in four groups were ventilated for 3 h with VT of either 10 or 25 ml/kg body wt, EEP of 0 or 2 cmH2O, and Tenv of 18 or 35 degrees C. After ventilation, Pel at 80% of total lung capacity (P80) was significantly increased when ventilation was performed with the combination of large VT, 0 EEP, and low Tenv. This change was prevented by altering any one of the three conditions, e.g., small VT, positive EEP, or high Tenv. Similarly, elevation of minimum surface tension and reduction of surface activity index of lavages from excised lungs after ventilation were observed only when increased P80 was noted. Additionally, the increase of P80 was well correlated with increment of wet weight-to-dry weight ratio and degree of perivascular cuffing and alveolar edema formation of excised lungs. These results indicate that elevation of Pel after high tidal ventilation in open-chest animals in vivo was influenced by level of EEP and Tenv and that the degree of edema formation was closely related to the increase of Pel. The increased Pel is presumably primary and causes fluid accumulation.

Animals↗