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Biomedical subjects

T Aida

Publications and source records attributed to T Aida.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Human glioblastoma cells produce granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in vitro, but not in vivo, without expressing its receptor.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production and receptor expression by human glioblastomas was studied. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed four of 10 glioblastoma cell lines spontaneously released GM-CSF (2.9-9.2 pg GM-CSF protein/ml culture medium), which was enhanced by stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) (10 U/ml) up to 410 pg/ml. TNF also induced secretion of GM-CSF by another cell line. Northern blot analysis identified increasing GM-CSF gene expression by cells following TNF stimulation. However, no GM-CSF protein was detectable in the cerebrospinal fluid of three malignant glioma patients. Intratumoral administration of TNF in the patients also failed to stimulate GM-CSF levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. A binding assay using flow cytometry with biotinylated GM-CSF and Scatchard analysis using 125I-labeled GM-CSF failed to demonstrate GM-CSF receptor expression on the 13 cell lines. Exogenous GM-CSF stimulation had no effect on production of prostaglandin E2, interleukin-6, or interleukin-8 by glioma cells. Human glioblastoma cells secrete GM-CSF without expressing the receptor in vitro, but there was no evidence of GM-CSF production in vivo.

Glioblastoma↗
PubMed1993

Vacuolated meningioma with secretory features: a case report.

We report a case of meningioma with secretory features in a 47-year-old woman. The left frontal tumor mass had already eroded the overlying bone at the time of presentation. When respected, the mass showed a gelatinous appearance. Histologically, marked vacuolar change was seen in the stroma. Whorls, psammoma bodies, and pavement arrangement of nuclei were also noted. Periodic acid-Schiff stain revealed cytoplasmic granules, which were digested with diastase. Alcian blue diffusely stained the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Electron microscopy showed numerous small vacuoles and cored vesicles in the cytoplasm. Glycogen granules were poorly observed. These features indicate the mild secretory nature of this vacuolated meningioma.

Female↗
PubMed1993

[Expression of type III and IV procollagen, prolyl 4-hydroxylase mRNAs in fibrotic human liver].

In situ localization of type III, IV procollagen and prolyl 4-hydroxylase mRNAs were examined to clarify the collagen production in fibrotic human liver. These mRNAs were localized in hepatocytes and mesenchymal cells in the areas of liver fibrosis. In alcoholic liver disease, the expression was promoted, and positive cells were diffusely observed in nodules. These results suggest that hepatocytes along with mesenchymal cells produce collagens, and correlate with pericellular fibrosis and sinusoidal capillarization in alcoholic liver disease.

Gene Expression↗
PubMed1992

Production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor by adult murine parenchymal liver cells (hepatocytes).

The activity of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) was found in the culture supernatant of mouse parenchymal liver cell fractions in a bone marrow colony-forming assay. The activity of an M-CSF-like substance purified by a four-step procedure was neutralized by goat anti-mouse M-CSF antiserum. M-CSF mRNA was detected in cellular RNA prepared from cultured parenchymal liver cell fractions by Northern blot analysis and also in cultured parenchymal liver cells by in situ hybridization. These results indicate that parenchymal liver cells have the capacity to produce M-CSF. We discuss the role of M-CSF in hematopoiesis, the immune response, and other biological phenomena.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1992

Papillary craniopharyngioma of the third ventricle--case report.

A papillary craniopharyngioma localized in the third ventricle occurred in a 45-year-old male. The clinical presentation was unusual and the neuroradiological appearance resembled a choroid plexus papilloma of the third ventricle. The tumor originated from the right anterolateral wall of the third ventricle, forming a discrete mass with prominent papillae formation. The tumor was totally removed by a transcallosal approach without neurological or endocrinological sequelae.

Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Localization of collagen (I) and collagenase mRNA by in situ hybridization during corneal wound healing after epikeratophakia or alkali-burn.

The expression and localization of type I collagen and collagenase gene were studied by in situ hybridization using rabbit cornea during wound healing following epikeratophakia or alkali-burn. In corneas 24 days after epikeratophakia, alpha 1(I) collagen mRNA was detected in keratocytes which had migrated from the host cornea into the keratolens. In contrast, collagenase mRNA was detected in cells which seemed to be inflammatory cells around the suture between the host stroma and the keratolens. The increase of alpha 1(I) collagen mRNA in keratocytes was observed in corneas 94 days after epikeratophakia and in alkali-burned corneas 1-2 months after the burn. These results provide evidence that keratocytes synthesize collagen and that this synthesizing activity lasts for a long period during corneal wound healing.

Alkalies↗
PubMed1992

[A case of hypothalamic astrocytoma with precocious puberty].

A case of hypothalamic astrocytoma with precocious puberty is presented. In July 1989, a 2-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital because of vaginal bleeding and enlargement of breasts. Breast development was Tanner's stage 3 and no pubic hair was present. Endocrinological evaluation revealed a slightly high level of LH, but the responses of LH and FSH to LH-RH test resulted in exceedingly high values similar to those in adults. Plain CT scan showed an isodense mass in the suprasellar cistern which was not enhanced following administration of contrast medium. MR imaging revealed the precise location of the mass attached to the posterior hypothalamus between the pituitary stalk and the mamillary bodies in sagittal view. The signal intensity of the mass was homogenous and isointense relative to the gray matter on T1 weighted image. But on T2 weighted image, it showed high signal intensity compared with the normal brain parenchyma. A right fronto-temporal craniotomy was performed and the tumor was partially removed. Histological examination disclosed moderate hypercellularity of glial cells but no neurons were visible. This appeared to be astrocytoma grade II. In the literature, CT and MRI behaviour of hypothalamic hamartomas are almost similar to our case. Therefore we think it is not possible at the present time to differentiate a low grade astrocytoma from hamartoma when using CT and MRI alone. In this case, the mechanism of development of precocious puberty seemed to be due to hypothalamic compression by the tumor.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1991

Localization of acidic and basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA in human brain tumors.

Acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (aFGF and bFGF) are closely related peptide mitogens acting on both mesoderm- and neuroectoderm-derived cells, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells and glial cells. In order to identify the expression of mRNAs for these growth factors, in situ hybridization using human aFGF and bFGF RNA probes was performed in 24 human brain tumors. The mRNAs for aFGF and bFGF were expressed in the cells of various tumors (1/1 and 1/1 astrocytoma, 2/2 and 2/2 anaplastic astrocytomas, 6/6 and 6/6 glioblastomas, 4/4 and 4/4 meningiomas, 3/3 and 3/3 schwannomas, 1/2 and 1/2 pituitary adenomas, 4/4 and 4/4 metastatic carcinomas, 0/1 an 0/1 hemangioblastoma, 0/1 and 0/1 craniopharyngioma) and were also detected in endothelial cells and surrounding neuronal cells of brain tumors. These results suggest the possibilities that aFGF and bFGF contribute to the uncontrolled growth of tumor cells and the proliferation of endothelial cells in autocrine and paracrine manners, and that the expression of mRNAs for these growth factors in the surrounding neuronal cells results in enhancement of tumor growth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Toxicity and toxins of natural blooms and isolated strains of Microcystis spp. (Cyanobacteria) and improved procedure for purification of cultures.

All samples of cyanobacterial blooms collected from 1986 to 1989 from Lake Kasumigaura, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, were hepatotoxic. The 50% lethal doses (LD50s) of the blooms to mice ranged from 76 to 556 mg/kg of body weight. Sixty-eight Microcystis cell clones (67 Microcystis aeruginosa and 1 M. viridis) were isolated from the blooms. Twenty-three strains (including the M. viridis strain) were toxic. However, the ratio of toxic to nontoxic strains among the blooms varied (6 to 86%). Microcystins were examined in six toxic strains. Five toxic strains produced microcystin-RR, -YR, and -LR, with RR being the dominant toxin in these strains. Another strain produced 7-desmethylmicrocystin-LR and an unknown microcystin. This strain showed the highest toxicity. Establishment of axenic strains from the Microcystis cells exhibiting extracellularly mucilaginous materials was successful by using a combination of the agar plate technique and two-step centrifugation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Site-specific integration of the actinophage R4 genome into the chromosome of Streptomyces parvulus upon lysogenization.

The lysogenization of Streptomyces parvulus by actinophage R4 occurs by site-specific integration of the phage genome into the chromosome. The DNA fragments containing the attachment sites on the host chromosome, the phage genome, and the two junctions created by insertion of the phage genome were cloned and sequenced. The attachment sites were found to share a common core of 12 bp. This common core sequence was not detected in chromosomal DNAs of S. coelicolor and S. lividans.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1991

[Primitive neuroectodermal tumor with Wilms' tumor. Case report].

Occurrence of embryonal kidney tumors in patients with primitive neuroectodermal tumors, so-called central nervous system-renal neoplasia has been reported. An infant who presented with masses in the right lateral ventricle and the cerebellar vermis is reported. Histological examination showed primitive neuroectodermal tumors. Further investigation revealed tumors in the bilateral kidneys, which were removed subtotally and pathologically shown to be Wilms' tumors. The patient was then treated with anticancer drugs and irradiation. However, he developed lung metastases from the renal tumors and expired. At autopsy, a small tumor was found in the inferior horn of the left lateral ventricle. Histological finding showed a primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Also, bilateral large masses of recurrent Wilms' tumors, multiple metastases to the lungs and peritoneal dissemination were found. There is no evidence that this association is based on the selective neoplastic transformation of embryonal cells of similar histogenetic or cytogenetic origin. Several reports demonstrate the presence of embryonal cells in the nervous tissue which could imply a neuroepithelial origin for Wilms' tumors.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Antiproliferative effect of trapidil on PDGF-associated growth of human glioma cell lines in vitro.

The effects of trapidil on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-associated growth of glioblastoma cells were studied. The assessment using PDGF-dependent rat lung endothelium cells revealed secretion of a PDGF-like factor from SF-126 cell line but not from SF-188. Human recombinant PDGF stimulated proliferation of both these glioblastoma cell lines. The anti-PDGF monoclonal antibody inhibited the growth of SF-126 more than SF-188. The results suggest the presence of an autocrine growth mechanism in SF-126 cells mediated by PDGF. The growth of both SF-126 and SF-188 cells was suppressed by trapidil, a specific PDGF antagonist, at 10 and 50 micrograms/ml, respectively. The proliferative response to exogenous PDGF and the antagonistic effect of trapidil were greater in the SF-126 cell line. In addition, trapidil markedly reduced production of prostaglandin E2 in both glioblastoma cell lines. This anti-proliferative effect on malignant glioma cells suggests that trapidil might be a new therapeutic agent for malignant gliomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A case report of hemangioma of the petrous bone which caused facial spasm and facial palsy].

A rare case of hemangioma of the petrous bone is described. A 31-year-old woman suffered from right facial twitching and palsy. So she underwent a craniectomy intending microvascular decompression of the facial nerve, but no compressing vessels or tumors were found. Three years later, however, her facial fasciculation disappeared spontaneously, but facial weakness deteriorated and she began to feel vertigo. On admission, neurological examination revealed right facial palsy of the peripheral type, slight hearing disturbance, and canal palsy. Bone-window CT and T2-weighted MRI revealed a small tumor destroying the petrous bone near the geniculate portion of the facial nerve. Using the epidural subtemporal approach, the tumor was totally removed and the facial nerve remained intact. Histologically it was diagnosed as hemangioma. Hemangioma of the skull base bone is rare, and it is interesting that the tumor in this case caused abnormal facial contraction like hemifacial spasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Three-dimensional MR brain image using volume rendering method].

3-dimensional image reconstructed from the data of computer tomography has provided useful informations for the pre-operative evaluation in the field of neurosurgery and plastic surgery. However CT has failed to visualized the 3-dimensional surface image of the central nervous system. On the other hand the progress of high-speed data acquisition technique and 3-dimensional fourier transformation has enabled the practical 3-dimensional image using magnetic resonance imager. However for the visualization of a pure surface image of the brain and spinal cord a sophisticated method and special image work station has been necessary. The authors describe a technique for the pure surface image of the brain and spinal cord using a normal mini-computer system and magnetic resonance imager. This image has a good correlation to the macroscopic anatomical brain surface (sulci and gyri).

Brain↗
PubMed1990

[Combined postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy for malignant gliomas].

A retrospective analysis was performed on 70 patients with malignant supratentrial astrocytic gliomas (astrocytoma Grade III or glioblastoma multiforme) treated with radiotherapy combined with vincristine (VCR), ACNU and PS-K. From January 1979 through December 1983, 27 patients were treated with treatment protocol A (group A). Protocol A was as follows: (1) total dose of 50 to 65 Gy radiation was given after surgery; (2) radiation plus combination VCR (0.02 mg/kg IV on 1st and 29th day of radiation) and ACNU (2 mg/kg IV 24 hrs after VCR) (3) after synchronized radiotherapy, ACNU (2 mg/kg IV every 6 or 8 weeks) and PS-K (3 or 6 g PO every day). Other 43 patients were treated with treatment protocol B (group B) from January 1984 through June 1988. Protocol B was as follows: (1) radiation dose was same as protocol A; (2) radiation plus combination VCR (0.02 mg/kg IV one day before radiotherapy) and ACNU (2 mg/kg IV on 1st and 1 mg/kg IV on 7, 21, 35th day, 1 hour before radiotherapy) (3) maintenance chemotherapy was same as protocol A. The difference between protocol A and protocol B was based on treatment schedule of ACNU. The characteristics of all patients were studied and identified, mainly age, histologic type, initial performance status, extent of tumor resection, maintenance chemotherapy. The reduction rate of tumor volume was 46.7% in the A group and 49.9% in the B group (not significant). The survival rates at 1, 2 and 3 years after surgery were 74.1%, 55.6% and 51.9% respectively for A group, and 80.5%, 42.4%, and 42.4%, respectively for B group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Modification of tumor blood flow and enhancement of therapeutic effect of ACNU on experimental rat gliomas with angiotensin II.

Blood flow was measured in transplanted rat gliomas before and during a constant intravenous infusion of angiotensin II using hydrogen clearance methods. The brain tumor models were produced in syngeneic Wister-King-Aptekman male rats with stereotaxic inoculation of ethylnitrosourea-induced glioma cells (KEG-1). Induced hypertension up to 150 mmHg (mean arterial pressure) with the infusion of angiotensin II resulted in a significant increase of blood flow to tumor center compared to the normotensive state (p less than 0.001). Blood flow measured simultaneously in brain tissue of tumor-free contralateral hemisphere did not change. The therapeutic effect of administration of the simultaneous 1-(4-Amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) and angiotensin II was evaluated in four experimental groups with the tumor-bearing rats. Twelve days after tumor implantation, the rats were administered angiotensin II to increase the mean arterial blood pressure to 150 mmHg, followed by intravenous injection of ACNU injection. The increased blood pressure was steadily maintained for 20 minutes. The ACNU/induced hypertension group showed a median survival time of 27.0 days, which was significant longer (p less than 0.02) than that of an ACNU treatment group (22.0 days), a hypertension treatment group (19.0 days), or a no treatment group (18.5 days). The enhanced therapeutic effect can be attributed to improving chemotherapeutic drug delivery due to increased blood flow in the tumor.

Angiotensin II↗