Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Aburano

Publications and source records attributed to T Aburano.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Radionuclide imaging in hepatobiliary disease].

Presently, radionuclide imaging in hepatobiliary disease is mainly used to evaluate the functional aspect in hepatobiliary disease. For the evaluation of hepatic function, three kinds of radiopharmaceuticals are now commercially available: these are the Kupffer-cell oriented radiotracer of 99mTc-colloid, the hepatocyte oriented radiotracer of 99mTc-PMT, and the receptor-binding radiopharmaceutical of 99mTc-GSA. These radiopharmaceuticals must be properly used, according to the purposes. 99mTc-PMT can be used to determine the degree of functional disorder in acute hepatic disease and evaluate the severity of diffuse hepatic disease, whereas 99mTc-colloid can effectively evaluate the potential etiology of the disease process and its chronicity. And 99mTc-GSA may also be used to evaluate the severity of the disease. In particular, the hepatic functional reserve must be evaluated with 99mTc-GSA. The biliary patency from the intrahepatic bile canaliculi to the common bile duct can be effectively evaluated with 99mTc-PMT. The diagnosis of acute cholecystitis is most reliably made by radionuclide imaging. And radionuclide imaging is sometimes to be used for the differentiation of cholestasis. In particular, the discrimination among the disease entities of chronic intermittent intrahepatic cholestasis including primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and juvenile intrahepatic bile duct hypoplasia can be made. Moreover, it is also be used in evaluating constitutional hyperbilirubinemia, biliary leakage, infantile jaundice and gallbladder or syphinctor Oddi motor dysfunction.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1995

[The role of gallium-67 citrate scintigraphy in Crohn's disease].

We investigated the usefulness of gallium scintigraphy and its importance in the choice of a treatment method for Crohn's disease. The subjects for the study were 30 patients diagnosed as Crohn's disease. After intravenous injections of 67Ga-citrate 111 MBq, planar and SPECT images were taken at 48 and 72 hrs. The overall positive rate was 42.1%, and among the positive cases, 78.6% required surgical treatment. On the other hand, surgical treatment was only performed in 18.8% of the negative cases, which was significantly low percentage. However, since 75% of the cases, in whom surgical treatment was performed, showed preoperative positive 67Ga results, positive cases detected by 67Ga scintigraphy were considered to be high-risk cases requiring surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Whole mediastinal irradiation with or without entire hemithoracic irradiation for invasive thymoma].

We retrospectively reviewed the case histories of 45 patients with invasive thymoma who underwent postoperative or definitive radiotherapy. Patients in stage II or stage III were classified according to the treatment volume as follows: a) those who received irradiation confined to the primary tumor site with a generous margin (involved field group, n = 17) and b)those who received prophylactic whole mediastinal irradiation with or without entire hemithoracic irradiation (prophylactic group, n = 21). Seven recurrences were observed among the involved field group, while all patients in the prophylactic group were relapse-free and alive after a median follow-up interval of 50 months. Major side effects were observed in two patients who received entire hemithoracic irradiation. One developed severe pneumonitis resulting in lung fibrosis that required hospitalization, while the other developed nephrotic syndrome of unknown cause. We conclude that whole mediastinal irradiation with or without entire hemithoracic irradiation can be used as a treatment of choice for postoperative invasive thymoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Usefulness of newly developed 99mTc-labeled STA-R12 for tumor imaging].

We synthesized four new tumor imaging agents, 99mTc-labeled metalloporphyrins (99mTc-STA-R12, -STA-R21, -STA-RN101 and -ATN-12) for the tumor imaging. We compared the differences of tumor imaging potency among these agents in CDF1 mice implanted with colon 26 tumor. Tumor images with these agents were obtained by using digital gamma-camera (RC135-E, Hitachi, Tokyo) and the biodistributions were analyzed by computerized medical radionuclide imageanalyser (RP-200, Hitachi, Tokyo). The highest tumor organ ratio and the excellent tumor image were obtained by 99mTc-STA-R12 (13,17-Bispropanyl aspartic acid-3-ethenyl-8-[N,N',N",N"-tetrakis (carboxylmethyl-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-porphyrinato]-manga nes e(III). The maximum concentration of 99mTc-STA-R12 in tumor tissue was observed at around 120 minutes after i.v. injection. On the contrary, the uptake rates of other organs and tissues such as liver, brain, muscle, lung, bone and blood continuously decreased. The rapid accumulation of STA-R12 in cancer tissue and the clearance from other tissue suggested a potential usefulness of this compound for tumor imaging agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Treatment and prognostic factors of stage I and II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

In order to assess prognostic factors and therapeutic methods, 104 patients (aged 6 to 89; mean age 57.4; male 68, female 36; stage: I 45, II 59) with clinical stages I and II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated at our department between 1977 and 1991 were reviewed. Factors, such as sex, age, clinical stage, primary site, presence of general symptoms, pathology, tumor size, LDH and therapeutic methods (radiotherapy alone; initial radiotherapy plus chemotherapy; initial chemotherapy plus radiotherapy) were calculated by univariated analysis to determine important factors influencing the survival. The survival of patients with symptoms and large tumors (more than 70 mm) was shorter than that of those without symptoms and with small tumors (5 years survival: symptom B 17.9%, A 68.2%, p < 0.001; tumor more than 70 mm 44.0%, less than 70 mm 67.1%, p < 0.05). Regarding therapeutic methods, radiotherapy alone achieved a 5-year survival rate of 37.1%; initial radiotherapy plus chemotherapy had 64.6% and initial chemotherapy plus radiotherapy 78.5%, but a significant difference was noticed only between radiotherapy alone and initial chemotherapy plus radiotherapy (p < 0.001). These results suggest that important factors influencing the survival are presence of general symptoms, tumor size and therapeutic methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[67Ga SPECT in the evaluation of orbital and ocular mass-like lesions].

We evaluated 67Ga SPECT in the differentiation of mass-like lesions in the orbital and ocular areas. A two-headed SPECT system equipped with parallel-hole collimator was used. 67Ga SPECT demonstrated three dimensionally the extent of tumors found by CT and MRI. 67Ga SPECT was especially useful in the assessment of localized lesions in and around the lacrimal gland. In a total of 43 patients studied, the overall accuracy of 67Ga SPECT in diagnosing orbital and ocular lesions was 72%. Sixteen of 21 malignant lesions (76%) showed true positive findings and 15 of 22 benign lesions (68%) showed true negative findings. All seven malignant lymphoma lesions showed true positive findings. One of four cases of malignant melanoma was not visualized. This lesion was less than 15 mm in diameter. None of the three cases of retinoblastoma was visualized, regardless of tumor size. Four of seven cases of pseudotumor or pseudolymphoma showed false positive findings. The differentiation of pseudotumor and pseudolymphoma from malignant lymphoma seemed to be difficult. We conclude that 67Ga SPECT is useful in the differentiation of lesions in the orbital and ocular areas and that evaluation of the extent of malignant lesions can be improved by comparing the findings obtained by morphological diagnostic modalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Visualization of the thymus with therapeutic doses of radioiodine in patients with thyroid cancer.

Two cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid are presented in which whole-body scans following therapeutic doses of iodine-131 revealed intense anterior mediastinal uptake. In both cases, the mediastinal uptake was absent from scans obtained after removal of the entire thymus. Histologically, the resected thymus glands showed hyperplasia and contained neither thyroid tissue nor metastatic foci of thyroid carcinoma. We therefore concluded that anterior mediastinal uptake of radioiodine may be caused by hyperplasia of the thymus.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Renal perfusion with Tc-99m DTPA--simple noninvasive determination of extraction fraction and plasma flow.

A simple, noninvasive method for the determination of extraction fraction and renal plasma flow in Tc-99m DTPA studies is presented. This method could be performed in conjunction with the measurement of glomerular filtration rate, providing additional information about renal plasma flow. Graphic analysis of the Patlak plot was employed for the determination of the unidirectional influx rate constant (ku) of Tc-99m DTPA from the blood to the kidney and the initial nonspecific distribution volume (Vn) in the kidney. The first pass extraction fraction was estimated from Ku and Vn, assuming a bolus input to the kidney. The glomerular filtration rate was measured by renal counting corrected for depth and dose. Using the estimated extraction fraction (EF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), the renal plasma flow (RPF) was calculated using the formula of RPF = GFR/EF. In a total of 76 kidneys in 38 patients (including 9 patients with normal renal function and without evidence of nephrourologic disease), the value of renal plasma flow showed good correlation with that of effective renal plasma flow measured by renal counting with I-131 orthoiodohippuran. There was a characteristic tendency for the extraction fraction to show a larger value as the renal plasma flow decreased. These results indicate that this method is valid for renal plasma flow estimation and the determinations of extraction fraction and renal plasma flow in Tc-99m DTPA studies is helpful as an adjunct to the measurement of glomerular filtration rate in order to adequately assess the pathophysiologic changes of renal disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Intense gallium-67 uptake in ovarian dysgerminoma.

In a patient with an ovarian dysgerminoma, intense uptake of gallium-67 citrate was demonstrated. This report indicates that dysgerminoma should be added to the list showing abnormal accumulation of gallium-67 citrate in the abdomen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

99mTc colloid and 99mTc IDA imagings in diffuse hepatic disease.

Ninety-six patients with various diffuse hepatic diseases were observed using both 99mTc colloid and 99mTc iminodiacetic acid (IDA), focusing on the potential etiologies of the disease process as well as its chronicity and severity. The presence of acute hepatic disease was more sensitively depicted with 99mTc IDA than with 99mTc colloid. In chronic hepatic disease, on the other hand, 99mTc colloid and 99mTc IDA demonstrated a similar sensitivity. The potential etiology of the disease process (differential diagnosis) and the chronicity of the disease could be evaluated better with 99mTc colloid. Among the patients with different stages of liver cirrhosis, however, 99mTc IDA significantly discriminated the severity of the hepatic disease. These results suggest that 99mTc IDA may be used to determine the degree of functional disorder in acute hepatic disease and evaluate the severity of diffuse hepatic disease, whereas 99mTc colloid can effectively evaluate the potential etiology and chronicity of the disease.

Colloids↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of suspected malignant pulmonary lesions with 201Tl single photon emission computed tomography.

201Tl single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was evaluated in 170 patients suspected of having a malignant pulmonary lesion greater than 20 mm in diameter on the surgical specimen. Delayed SPECT (at 3 h after injection) visualized all of the 147 malignant pulmonary lesions and 16 of the 23 (69.6%) benign pulmonary lesions, and generally exhibited the lesion more clearly than the early SPECT images (at 15 min after injection). There was no significant difference in delayed ratio (uptake ratio of the lesion to the normal lung on delayed scan) among the various histological groups except between the adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma groups (P < 0.05), and no difference was noted between the malignant and benign lesions. However, in retention index (degree of retention in the lesion) a significant difference was noted between the malignant and benign lesions (P < 0.01), although there was no significant difference in this index among malignant different histology groups. These results indicate that this method is useful for visualizing malignant pulmonary lesions greater than 20 mm in diameter to exclude the possibility of malignancy in the lesions when no abnormal 201Tl accumulation is observed. When the lesion shows abnormal 201Tl accumulation, the retention index seems to help differentiate malignant from benign lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of renal function using 99mTc-MAG3: comparison with 123I-OIH and 99mTc-DTPA].

The utility of 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) with studied clinically. In the renography obtained with 99mTc-MAG3, the abdominal aorta and the common iliac arteries were clearly visualized in the vascular phase. Due to less background activity and high target to background ratio, the quality of 99mTc-MAG3 image was superior to that of 123I-OIH or 99mTc-DTPA image. The parameters on the renogram including Tmax, T2/3, and T1/2 were compared. The correlation of Tmax and T2/3 or T1/2 were not significant between 99mTc-MAG3 and 123I-OIH. Another parameter of C20/Cmax, where C20 and Cmax are renal activities at 20 min after injection and at Tmax respectively, showed an excellent correlation between 99mTc-MAG3 and 123I-OIH. Using C20/Cmax, pattern of renogram can be characterized numerically. Concerning about the relation between C20/Cmax and renogram pattern, standard renogram pattern showed the C20/Cmax value of less than 0.4, while hypofunctioning pattern showed more than 0.5. The correlation coefficient between the renal uptake of 99mTc-MAG3 and 123I-OIH was 0.880 with a correlation plot: "Y = 1.16X-0.043", where X and Y represent renal uptake of 99mTc-MAG3 and 123I-OIH, respectively. It can be concluded that 99mTc-MAG3 is useful renal imaging agent as an alternative to 123I-OIH, in order to evaluate the proximal tubular function and calculate ERPF.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of the internal mammary nodes by lymphoscintigraphy and ultrasonography in patients with breast cancer].

The efficacy of lymphoscintigraphy and ultrasonography was evaluated in the detection of internal mammary lymph node (IMN) metastases in patients with breast cancer. On histological examination of IMN, 10 patients had metastases (positive group) and 47 did not (negative group). On lymphoscintigraphy, lack of uptake in the parasternal region of the affected side was classified as abnormal. The frequency of this abnormal finding was not significantly different between both groups. On sonography, the thickness of the sonolucent internal mammary area was measured. The thickness of the affected side was 6 mm or more in two patients of the positive group and only one of the negative group. A thickness of over 6 mm on the affected side was statistically significant (p less than 0.05). The difference in thickness between the affected side and the healthy side was 3 mm or more in four patients of the positive group, and was less than 3 mm in all patients of the negative group. A difference in thickness of more than 3 mm between the two sides was extremely significant (p less than 0.001). In conclusion, sonography is valuable in detecting IMN metastases, while lymphoscintigraphy is not useful. Sonography is recommended as an efficient diagnostic modality for IMN metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Esophageal clearance scintigraphy, in diabetic patients--a preliminary study.

The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the predictive value of esophageal clearance scintigraphy (ECS) in the diagnosis of esophageal autonomic neuropathy in diabetic patients without any esophageal symptoms. A single swallow ECS was performed in 12 diabetic patients and 15 normal volunteers, and esophageal transit time (ETT) and esophageal (Es) T 1/2 values were calculated. ETT and Es T 1/2 were found to be significantly prolonged in the diabetic group (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively). In this preliminary study, our results strongly suggest that ECS may be an important noninvasive diagnostic tool in the evaluation of diabetic patients with asymptomatic esophageal autonomic neuropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Asymmetric abnormality of renal perfusion with symmetric function in aortic dissection.

Two cases of aortic dissection are presented in which discordance between renal perfusion and function has been demonstrated with Tc-99m DTPA. Renal perfusion on the affected side was decreased on blood flow imaging, whereas renal function, including parenchymal accumulation and excretion assessed by subsequent sequential imaging, were similar for both kidneys. These results suggest that blood flow imaging more readily demonstrates a unilateral renal abnormality in patients with aortic dissection.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1992

Discordant hepatic uptake of Tc-99m NGA and Tc-99m PMT in a patient with hepatoma.

The authors report discordant hepatic uptake of Tc-99m NGA and Tc-99m PMT in a patient with hepatoma. Tc-99m PMT uptake was delayed and Tc-99m NGA concentrated in another area, thereby demonstrating that the uptake mechanisms for Tc-99m NGA and Tc-99m PMT are different. Tc-99m NGA imaging may be useful in characterizing the focal hepatic lesion of Tc-99m IDA or Tc-99m PMT concentration.

Albumins↗
PubMed1992

Tc-99m HMPAO-labeled leukocytes for hematopoietic marrow imaging. Comparison with In-111 chloride.

The current study was initiated to define whether Tc-99m leukocyte imaging, compared to In-111 chloride imaging, could provide additional information on the hematopoietic activity of the bone marrow in diffuse hematologic disorders. A total of 11 patients with hematologic disorders were studied both with Tc-99m leukocytes and In-111 chloride. One patient with myelofibrosis showed disparate tracer distribution in the bone marrow between the two; Tc-99m leukocyte uptake in the central marrow was highly decreased, whereas In-111 chloride showed expanded marrow. The disparate results of granuloid hypoplasia and erythroid hyperplasia obtained by bone marrow biopsy and aspiration in this patient were thought to give an explanation for the radionuclide findings. The remaining 10 patients showed similar tracer distribution in the marrow, and the observation of hematopoietic cellularity confirmed by bone marrow biopsy and aspiration correlated well with the radionuclide findings. These results demonstrate that Tc-99m leukocytes may be a potential imaging agent for evaluating hematopoietic activity in the bone marrow, in particular granulopoietic activity.

Adult↗