Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Aberg

Publications and source records attributed to T Aberg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Intracaval paraganglioma causing superior vena cava syndrome.

We report a 46-year old female patient with progressive symptoms and signs of superior caval syndrome. At surgery, the caval vein with a benign intravascular paraganglioma was removed, and a venous interposition using a spiral vein graft was performed.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Effects of a diet regimen on pituitary and steroid hormones in male ice hockey players.

Serum concentrations of androgens, cortisol, androgen binding proteins, pituitary hormones, together with anthropometric variables and sports performance were studied in two different elite male ice hockey teams. One of the teams (DIF, n = 22) participated in a special dietary program including reduction in fat from approximately 40 per cent of total energy intake (E%) to less than 30 E% and an increase in carbohydrate intake from 45 E% to about 55 E%, while the other (SSK, n = 21) served as a control group and had no special dietary program. The study covered a 7-month period. Basal values of serum testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), non-SHBG-bound testosterone (NST), cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS) and LH did not differ between the two teams. Serum concentrations of testosterone, SHBG, NST and cortisol increased significantly during the study period in the DIF group and were, with the exception of SHBG, significantly higher than in the SSK group at the end of the study (33.0 vs 26.8 nmol/l, p less than 0.05; 22.5 vs 18.3 nmol/l, p less than 0.05; and 548 vs 464 nmol/l, p less than 0.01). The ratio between NST and cortisol which was used as an index of anabolic/catabolic steroid balance did not change in either group during the study. A significant decrease in the serum concentrations of LH during the observation period was found in the SSK group. The endocrine differences between the teams may be explained by a relative negative energy balance in DIF, together with a reduced fat and increased carbohydrate intake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Oral sedation for diagnostic upper endoscopy.

Heavy i.v. sedation is often used in upper GI endoscopy. Sedation, however, creates the need for recovery facilities and precludes patients from returning to their normal daily activities. This is undesirable, since endoscopy is routinely performed as an out-patient procedure. Also the cost for medication and recovery facilities militate against the indiscriminate use of i.v. sedative premedication. The present study was undertaken in an attempt to establish what proportion of patients can benefit from oral premedication, and whether such an administration route can eliminate some of the disadvantages associated with i.v. sedation. Four hundred out-patients were randomized to receive orally either triazolam, 0.125 mg, or placebo. Of the patients, 359 were evaluable; 177 received placebo and 182 triazolam. All major aspects of the procedure were covered using visual analogue scale questionnaires for the endoscopist and patient. There were no differences in endoscopic experience, or sex and age distribution between the groups. Triazolam reduced patient discomfort, 38.6 +/- 25.6 vs 44.8 +/- 30.1 (p = 0.0379). Recollection of post-endoscopy information was the same in both groups. One patient complained of drowsiness following the procedure. No patient needed to stay in hospital to complete recovery. Endoscopy quality was identical in the two groups. Oral premedication has the potential to be of significant value, may optimize the use of endoscopy resources, and does not impair patient activities post-endoscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Inflammatory system activation during cardiopulmonary bypass as an indicator of biocompatibility: a randomized comparison of bubble and membrane oxygenators.

As the exposure of blood to foreign material during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) leads to triggering of inflammatory systems, the inflammatory response was used as an indicator of the biocompatibility of oxygenators. Activation of complement and neutrophil granulocytes during CPB was studied in 96 patients undergoing coronary bypass, with randomized comparisons between four different oxygenators, two of bubble and two of membrane type. Seven patients undergoing thoracotomy without CPB served as controls. During CPB there was significant complement activation, measured as changes in the ratio C3d/C3, with no demonstrable difference between the bubble and membrane oxygenator groups. Such change was not seen in the controls. Neutrophil granulocytes released significant amounts of the granule proteins lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase during CPB, but not during thoracotomy without CPB. The plasma concentrations of lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase were significantly lower in the membrane oxygenator groups, possibly indicating better biocompatibility. The strong inflammatory response with both oxygenator types, however, indicates that presently used CPB devices have unsatisfactory biocompatibility.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Bubble and membrane oxygenators--comparison of postoperative organ dysfunction with special reference to inflammatory activity.

Bubble and membrane oxygenators (2 types of each) were compared in a randomized study of 96 patients undergoing coronary bypass grafting. Cardiac performance, assessed from postoperative need of inotropic support, was significantly better in the membrane oxygenator group. After perfusion lasting more than 2 hours, respiratory function, measured as alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure gradient, was less compromised in that group and renal function, quantified as postoperative rise of serum creatinine was less disturbed. Cerebral function, studied in terms of psychometric test results and concentration of adenylate kinase in cerebrospinal fluid, did not differ between the bubble and membrane oxygenator groups. In investigations concerning changes in inflammatory activity during bypass, complement activation could not be related to the mentioned clinical parameters. Release of the neutrophil granulocyte factors lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase was greater in the bubble oxygenator group and correlated to impaired cardiac and renal performance, but not to pulmonary or cerebral dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cerebral function monitoring in rats with a critical hepatic injury treated with pneumatic antishock garment and infusion.

Twenty-nine rats were subjected to a severe standardized hepatic injury and divided into four groups. In addition to controls, the animals were treated with PASG inflated to 40 mm Hg, PASG and infusion of Ringer's acetate, or PASG and infusion of Ringer's acetate and Dextran 70 in combination. The aim of the infusion therapy was to stabilize the mean aortic blood pressure at 60 mm Hg. PASG significantly prolonged the survival time and the time during which a sensory evoked response could be observed. The PASG also prolonged the time before the EEG amplitude began to decrease or a burst-suppression pattern appeared in the EEG. Intravenous infusion of Ringer's acetate did not prolong these times compared to when PASG was used alone; when Dextran 70 was added to the infusion therapy these times were reduced. Changes in the EEG were recorded at a mean aortic pressure of 60 mm Hg when infusions were given, whereas the aortic pressure had to fall to 40 mm Hg before any changes could be observed when no infusions were used.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

The effects of pneumatic antishock garments in the treatment of critical abdominal injuries in rats.

Thirty rats were subjected to a standardized critical aortic injury and divided into six groups. In addition to controls, the animals were treated with a pneumatic antishock garment (PASG), massive intravenous or intra-aortic saline infusion, or PASG in combination with either massive intravenous or intra-aortic saline infusion. Twenty-six rats were subjected to a standardized hepatic injury and divided into four groups. In addition to controls, the animals were treated with PASG, massive intravenous saline infusion, or PASG in combination with massive intravenous saline infusion. These animals were allowed to bleed for 5 minutes before the treatment was started. The treatment with PASG alone prolonged the median survival time significantly from 7 min in the control group to greater than 120 min in the PASG group in rats with an aortic injury and from 33 to greater than 120 min in rats with a hepatic injury. Intravenous infusion of saline did not prolong the median survival time. Intravenous infusion in combination with PASG did not have any positive effects on median survival time or median mean aortic pressure and failed to prolong the median survival time significantly in rats with a liver injury, as six out of eight animals developed a lethal pulmonary edema.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1988

Activation of inflammatory systems during cardiopulmonary bypass.

"Whole body inflammation" induced by cardiopulmonary bypass may play a role in the pathogenesis of postoperative complications after open-heart surgery. The inflammatory response, in terms of complement activation and release of granular proteins from neutrophil granulocytes, was investigated in six patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery. Complement activation was demonstrated as well as substantially increased plasma levels of lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase--two granulocyte factors. The activation of inflammatory systems probably takes place on the artificial surfaces of the extracorporeal device. The biocompatibility of these components therefore should be further studied.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Serum and plasma measurements of neutrophil granule proteins during cardiopulmonary bypass: a model to estimate human turnover of lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase.

During extracorporeal circulation (ECC), granule proteins such as lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase escape to the plasma in large amounts. ECC was used to study the turnover of these proteins and compare their variations in plasma and serum. During ECC both proteins rose to very high levels and the variations were similar in both serum and plasma (r = 0.93 for lactoferrin and 0.80 for myeloperoxidase). The initial elimination after termination of operation (t 1/2) was, for lactoferrin 0.75 and for myeloperoxidase 0.5 h. Both proteins followed a second order kinetics of elimination with a t 1/2 for lactoferrin of about 9 and for myeloperoxidase of about 25 h. 48 and 72 h postoperatively serum levels, but not plasma levels, of myeloperoxidase rose again 10-fold. We conclude that serum and plasma measurements of neutrophil granule proteins are complementary. The period after disconnection of the patient from the extracorporeal device may be used to estimate the turnover kinetics of neutrophil granule proteins.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Cerebral damage during open-heart surgery. Clinical, psychometric, biochemical and CT data.

The incidence and extent of cerebral damage following open-heart surgery were prospectively investigated in 103 patients, using clinical assessment, psychometry, adenylate kinase analysis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-AK) and computed tomography (CT) of the brain. The surgical mortality was 1.9%. Clinically there was obvious cerebral dysfunction in four cases, subtle evidence of brain damage (mainly undue fatigue) in 16 and no evidence in 81 cases. In the 16 patients the mean CSF-AK was substantially increased (0.122 U/l) and the psychometric performance distinctly impaired (-12 points) postoperatively; in the 81 patients the figures were 0.55 U/l and -3.4. Psychometrically, 60% of the patients showed cerebral dysfunction, which was pronounced in 16%. CSF-AK analysis indicated cerebral damage as absent or trival in 45%, moderate in 33% and marked in 22%. CT revealed postoperative cerebral infarction in two cases. Results from the various methods showed reasonable correlation, but also considerable overlap. Open-heart surgery thus can cause brain damage additional to that neurologically discernible. Fatigue is an important sign in this context. In research on postoperative brain damage, the relative insensitivity of routine neurologic investigation calls for supplementary, refined methods.

Adenylate Kinase↗
PubMed1986

Myocardial energy metabolism during mitral valve replacement.

To elucidate the metabolic changes during a relatively short ischemic period, papillary muscle excisions were investigated in 38 patients operated for mitral valve replacement. The overall mean age was 62 years, in 27 women and 11 men. Two excisions were made during ischemia, the first after 13 minutes and the second after 48 minutes of aortic occlusion. These excisions were analyzed for adenine nucleotide, creatine phosphate, lactate and pyruvate contents. The results indicated an ongoing metabolism with an accumulation of lactate, and also influences on the energy charge. For example, although the content of ATP was unchanged between the excisions, the relation to creatine phosphate, as a source for ATP level maintenance, was altered. This is of clinical importance since cardioplegia and hypothermia (myocardial temperature below 20 degrees C) were employed and the interval between the excisions was only 35 minutes on average. Although no significant decrease in myocardial ATP took place, 31 of 38 patients needed inotropic support to wean them off bypass. On the basis of the present results further efforts seem necessary to improve myocardial preservation techniques.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1986

The effect of pneumatic antishock garments in the treatment of lethal combined hepatic and caval injuries in rats.

Thirty rats were subjected to a standardized lethal hepatic and retrohepatic caval vein injury. The animals were divided into six groups. In addition to controls (I), the animals were treated with a pneumatic antishock garment (PASG) (II), massive intravenous (III), or intra-aortic (IV), saline infusion, or PASG in combination with either massive intravenous (V) or intra-aortic (VI) saline infusion. Intravenous and intra-aortic infusion of saline led to a median survival time of 13 min and 37 min, respectively, not statistically different from the control group. Nine of ten animals who had the combined treatment with PASG and infusion of saline developed a fulminant pulmonary edema. The treatment with PASG alone, however, prolonged survival time significantly from a median survival time of 10 min in the control group, to greater than 120 min in the treated group.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Role of surgery in infective endocarditis.

One-hundred-and-thirteen patients with endocarditis and valvular insufficiency were studied retrospectively with special regard to indications for operation and the optimum time for cardiac valve surgery. Thirty patients (group I) had acute, 63 (group II) subacute and 20 (group III) prosthetic valve endocarditis. Group I: Eleven patients underwent surgery in the acute stage, 8 while bacteremic; 5 of the latter died perioperatively. Of the 19 patients treated medically, 16 died. Group II: All patients underwent operation in a bacteria-free state. The mortality was 5%. Group III: Eight patients had early (less than 60 days postoperatively) and 12 late endocarditis. Total mortality was 40% (71% early and 25% late mortality). Ten patients underwent reoperation, with a mortality of 20%, compared with 60% in the medically treated group. The results support the indication for early operation in acute endocarditis with progressive cardiac failure and renal failure and prosthetic valve endocarditis, even during bacteremia.

Acute Disease↗