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Biomedical subjects

T A Semenenko

Publications and source records attributed to T A Semenenko.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Children's health in zone of radioactive pollution caused by the Chernobyl accident].

The Chernobyl accident led to contamination of vast territories of Russia by man-made radionuclides. One of such regions is the Tula region. For realization of programs aimed at alleviation of the accident consequences, medical and sanitary measures were taken, including many-year monitoring of radiation pollution in the region and health status of various population groups, primarily children. Complex studies were carried out, making use of radiation, sociohygienic, epidemiological, psychophysiological, anthropometric, clinical laboratory, cytogenetic, immunological, and other methods. Dynamic examinations of children of different age demonstrated that radioactive precipitations at a density of 5-15 Ci/m2 did not directly affect children's health; however essential deviations in the health status, such as changes in morbidity, physical development, and incidence of immunodeficiencies have been revealed. The authors consider that realization of health protection programs should concern primarily children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Epidemiological aspects of nonspecific prevention of infectious diseases].

Whether immunomodulators may be used not only to treat immunodeficiencies, but to prevent infectious diseases has been under general discussion in the past years. The use of immunomodulators is mostly substantiated and promising in preventing polyetiological infections (e.g. acute respiratory diseases) against which there are not available specific preventing agents (vaccines) or the latter, if available, are ineffective. This has been evidenced by controlled epidemiological tests that show the potential and actual efficiency of immunomodulators as agents of nonspecific prevention of infectious diseases. The basic lines of studies, which make it possible to elaborate the tactics of drug use, based on the definition of epidemic indications and on the choice of the optimal preventive measures, are substantiated.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2001

[Evaluation of amixine reactivity and efficacy for prophylaxis of acute respiratory tract infections].

Amixine reactivity and tolerability were evaluated in controlled trial at the risk group of medical personal at the period of flu and respiratory viral infection season. Drugs safety was estimated according to anamnesis, direct observation and hemogram. High efficacy of the drug for the infections prophylaxis and treatment was demonstrated. The drug was well tolerated and had no side effects. Amixine unreactivity was proved.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1996

[The theoretical and practical aspects of the nonspecific prevention of infectious diseases among the troops].

As possible alternative to a complex of sanitary-hygienic measures, directed on the infectious diseases prevention, not specific prophylaxis with the aid of immunomodulative preparations is offered. Prospects of the immunomodulative preparations application is defined by transition to popularized epidemiological thinking planned in modern conditions. Strategy of total and selective not specific prophylaxis, results of own researches on estimation of preventive efficiency of dibazolum and prodigiosanum during acute respiratory disease and virus hepatitis A are described.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1991

[The evaluation of the late effect of the multiple administration of immunoglobulin on hepatitis A morbidity in organized collectives].

The analysis of influence in multiple injections of immunoglobulin (IG) on a level of morbidity and the efficiency of IG prophylaxis against hepatitis A in organized collectives made it possible to reveal the following common features: there is a direct dependency between morbidity level and average geometrical anti-IG titers, as well as the number of injections; there is inverse dependency between IG protection activity and the same factors; there is a lack of prophylaxis effect in anti-IG titers 1:32 or more. The authors frame a hypothesis that the reason of epidemic upgrowth of long standing hepatitis A morbidity dynamics in military collectives was conditioned by the wide application of IG in the 70s for children and teenagers.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[The efficacy of exogenous and endogenous interferonization in preventing influenza].

In this work the results of using interferon (IFN), Dibasol and the combination of these preparations for the urgent prophylaxis of influenza and acute respiratory diseases (ARD) among the employees of the Gamaleia Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology (USSR Acad. Med. Sci.) are summarized. Reaferon and Dibasol decrease ARD morbidity 2 times and leukocytic IFN decreases it 1.4 times, while the combined administration of Dibasol and IFN has proved to be ineffective. Reaferon is mainly a prophylactic remedy; it has been found to bring about almost no decrease in the number of patients at the peak of morbidity, while pronouncedly decreasing it in two weeks after the administration of the preparation. Dibasol has a curative effect, sharply interrupting the beginning rise of morbidity. Reaferon normalizes the characteristics of the IFN status, decreasing the amount of circulating IFN and enhancing the capacity of leukocytes for producing alpha-IFN and gamma-IFN. For the prophylaxis of respiratory infections the use of Reaferon is advisable 3-4 weeks prior to the beginning of the epidemic and then, when the first cases of infection are registered, the course of prophylaxis with Dibasol should be carried out.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1988

[Detection of hepatitis B virus infection markers at a collective].

The occurrence of serological markers of hepatitis B virus infection among the members of a newly formed community (370 persons) was determined. The markers were detected with the use of highly sensitive methods for the detection of HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBc, IgM anti-HBc. At the time of the formation of this community HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc were detected, respectively, in 4%, 11% and 31.3% and 6 months later, in 8.4%, 9.5% and 46.4% of persons. The presence of a considerable number of inapparent forms of hepatitis B and differences in the degree of the involvement of individual groups in this community into the epidemic process have been shown.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[The information value of a questionnaire test in an epidemiologic survey].

To find out persons with decreased immune responsiveness in organized groups, the inquiry test has been proposed. The test has proved to be highly informative. Besides, the possibility of using this method for the characterization of the effectiveness of epidemic control measures has been shown.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

[Streptococcus pneumoniae interaction with continuous human cell lines].

The in vitro model of pneumococcal infection, using continuous mammalian cell lines, is proposed. Two different types of interaction between bacteria and eucaryotic cells are described: the intracellular ingestion of bacteria or their proliferation on the surface of the cellular monolayer, these different types of interaction being characteristic of different cell lines. In case of the proliferation of bacteria on the surface of the monolayer the forms, morphologically similar to the stages of microbial L-transformation, have been detected.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of amyxin effect in prophylaxis of acute respiratory viral infections].

The results of the evaluation of the oral inductor of endogenic interferon (amyxin), manufactured in Russia are presented. The use of amyxin was found to produce a drop in morbidity in acute respiratory virus infections (ARVI) among medical workers 3.4 times, i.e. the preparation exhibited a pronounced prophylactic effect with respect to ARVI. The use of the preparation was accompanied by a decrease in the number of manifest forms of ARVI. Persons given the preparation often had ARVI in a mild or asymptomatic form.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of amyxin--a domestic analog of tilorone--on characteristics of interferon and immune status of man].

The influence of amyxin, the Russian oral analog of tilorone, on the human interferon and immune status has been evaluated. As revealed by this investigation the administration of amyxin has produced a rise in the content of serum interferon, an increase in the capacity of leukocytes and lymphocytes for synthesizing alpha- and gamma-interferon, the activation of NK and phagocytizing cells of peripheral blood. No essential influence of amyxin on the amount of B and T lymphocytes, their subpopulations and the levels of the main classes of immunoglobulins has been established.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Specific prophylaxis of influenza with inactivated split vaccine Vaxigrip].

Influenza remains a serious health problem, annually causing epidemics embracing up to 10% of the population of the world, and at the periods of pandemics this number may rise 4- to 6-fold. In the overwhelming majority of the countries the prophylaxis of influenza is carried out at present out with the use of inactivated vaccines. One of such vaccines is the highly purified split vaccine Vaxigrip (Aventis-Pasteur, France), permitted for use in Russia since 1992. The article contains the review of the data of literature, as well as the materials provided by the authors, which indicate that the preparation has low reactogenicity (also for children starting from the age of 6 months) and high reactogenic properties, leading to antibody formation at protective levels with respect to all three components of the vaccine. The vaccine has been found to ensure pronounced prophylactic efficacy for 70-90% of vaccinees and a decrease in influenza morbidity even in case of using the preparation a week before the onset of the epidemic. This shows the advantage of Vaxigrip in comparison with other inactivated vaccines.

Adolescent↗