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Biomedical subjects

T A Korniushina

Publications and source records attributed to T A Korniushina.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Occupational ophthalmopathy].

The authors describe a syndrome diagnosed in workers who perform tasks requiring visual strain. The syndrome comprises worse visual control, discomfort in orbital area and characteristic changes of refraction and accommodation. The young people having emmetropia and myopia demonstrate temporary and later consistent increase of refraction, and the elderly ones--decreased refraction and early development of presbyopia. In both cases marked fall of accommodation was shown. The article suggests also a possible scheme describing pathogenesis of the syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Aberrometry in the diagnosis of eye diseases].

Four methods (by means of Smirnova-Korniushina's aberrometer; with the help of aberroscope--Cherning's lattice; by presenting a figure of a cross; and by automatic refractometry through different portions of the pupil) were used for studying aberration of the optic system of the eye in 490 persons. Among them, 37 were healthy persons, 27--patients with ametropia of moderate degree, 24--with high myopia, 9--with astigmatism above 3.0 D, 16--with monocular diplopia, 327--with keratoconus, 7--with scars of the cornea, 21--with initial cataract, 47--after keratotomy. In norm and in ametropia to 6.0 D, a histogram of refraction distribution by the pupil has a small disperse and a pronounced peak, the Cherning's lattice is straight. In high myopia, the disperse of refraction increases, the peak is slightly pronounced, the lattice is curved along the margins. In astigmatism, the disperse of refraction is great, but there can be peaks. The whole lattice is curved. In monocular diplopia, two more peaks can be seen on the histogram. The lattice is greatly curved. In keratoconus, aberrometry without correction is possible only at the initial stage and shows a rather mixed picture. The histogram of refraction represents a low irregular row. In aberroscopy, the bands are greatly curved, frequently overstep the bounds of the frame that itself looses a form of a circle, becomes oval or polygonal. Contact correction improves the aberration picture considerably. In scars of the cornea, the lattice is distorted and infrequently repeats their forms. In initial cataract, the course of the bands becomes interrupted and rounded spots appear between them.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Physiological mechanisms of the etiology of visual fatigue during work involving visual stress].

Physiological parameters of vision were studied in three professional groups (a total of 1204 subjects): microscope operators, subjects working with magnifying glasses, and computer users. General and specific features of visual system fatigue formation were identified. Because of complete (in microscope operators) or partial (in subjects working with magnifying glasses and display users) "deprivation" of accommodation, these subjects develop early presbyopia (at the age of 30-35 years). In microscope operators long strain of accommodation system leads to professional myopia, while display users develop pseudomyopia. The highest overstrain is observed after 4 years of work in microscope operators, after 5 years in magnifying glass users, and after 6 years in computer users.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ophthalmopathy caused by precision work of sorters of precious stones].

A total of 440 female workers aged 17 to 50, whose work records ranged from 1 to 29 years, engaged in grading the diamonds by the color, shape, size, and quality (a total of 24 to 33 positions) were examined. A random sample of 110 subjects was singled out; this sample was divided into 2 equal groups with or without asthenopic complaints. The refraction, absolute accommodation volume, and relative accommodation reserves were under study. Comparison of these two groups of workers has shown that subjects with precision ophthalmopathy show a trend to a higher incidence of myopia, reduction of the absolute accommodation volume by 1.6 diopters and of the relative accommodation reserves by 1.3 diopters.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Monocular diplopia].

Monocular diplopia is a condition when a single object is seen double with one of the eyes. Fifty-seven cases of this condition are described. Traditional ophthalmologic methods, as well as examinations of the optic system aberrations and determination of diplopia type with a cross pattern were employed in examinations of the patients. A classification of monocular diplopia has been developed, including (1) refraction, (2) aberration, (3) pupillary, (4) retinal, and (5) neurogenic diplopia. Methods of examining this patient population are described and recommendations on the treatment of this condition presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[State of accommodation depending on age of emmetropic and hypermetropic subjects engaged in diamond sorting].

Accommodation was studied in 449 diamond sorters aged 17 to 51 engaged in this work for 1 to 34 years with emmetropic and hypermetropic refraction. Questionnaires helped detect subjects who had no complaints of vision (group A) and those with asthenopia complaints (group B). In both groups, in emmetropic and hypermetropic subjects, the furthest point of clear vision was converging the eye by 1.96 +/- 0.04 diopters on an average, that is, there was pseudomyopia. In hypermetropic subjects with occupational ophthalmopathy the nearest point is withdrawn starting from the age of 31-35 till it merges with the furthest point in subjects over 45, that is, the accommodation volume becomes nearly nuel. The results of this study contradict the assumption existing in ophthalmology about an earlier onset of presbyopia in hypermetropia than in other types of refraction. Early correction of near vision is connected with superimposition of accommodation deterioration in ametropia. It is recommended to carry out rehabilitative measure as soon as the first asthenopia signs manifest; these measures should be aimed at weakening of refraction by the site of the furthest clear vision point. In subjects aged 31-35 with occupational ophthalmopathy refraction by the nearest clear vision point should be enhanced if possible.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of laser speckle in occupational eye diseases].

Forty-one diamond sorters aged 18 to 45 with occupational ophthalmopathy (asthenotopic complaints and accommodation disorders) were treated. In 35 female workers the vision acuity without correction was equal to 1.0, in 5 to 0.2-0.8 because of slight myopia. He-Ne LG-52-2 laser specle was used in the treatment. The training was carried out using modified method of accommodation "swinging" after V.V. Volkov and L.N. Kolesnikova. The course of treatment lasted for 10 days. The most appreciable shifts occurred in the nearest vision zone. The nearest point became closer to the eye by 0.55 +/- 0.02 diopters, the furthest became still further by 0.33 +/- 0.01 diopters. Relative accommodation reserve increased by 0.34 +/- 0.03 diopters. Asthenotopic complaints completely disappeared in 25 subjects and noticeably reduced in 4. Such exercises are recommended for subjects with asthenopia engaged in precision work.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A new method for accommodation training].

A new method for accommodation training making use of a computer is proposed. A specially generated dynamic grid of concentric rings serves the stimulus. Changes of the accommodation parameters (the nearest and farthest points of clear vision) were examined in 11 display users aged 30 to 50 during a training session and in the course of 15 sessions. The training improved the accommodation volume by an average of 0.9 diopters at the expense of approximating the nearest and withdrawing the farthest clear vision points. In 4 subjects anisoaccommodation disappeared almost completely. The proposed method may be used to normalize the accommodation of display users.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevention of visual fatigue in computer users by eyeglasses with spectral filters].

Color-contrast optic filters are developed for improving the color discriminating capacity of eyes exposed to video display terminals. These filters are applied as a coating on correcting or common glasses. Effects of such eyeglasses on visual functions accommodation, frequency-contrast sensitivity, and critical frequency of flashes fusion (CFFF) were studied in 23 PC users with visual acuity of 1.0 with correction. Wearing of eyeglasses with filters promoted shifting of the most distant point of clear vision further and increased the accommodation volume, contrast sensitivity at the low and decreased it at the medium and high frequencies. CFFF was not changed. Wearing of eyeglasses with filters for 4 h of working at a display caused shifting of the nearest and most distant points of clear vision in comparison with the control group with the accommodation volume unchanged and preserved the high contrast sensitivity at the mean and low frequencies during the entire period of work. No changes in CFFF were noted. After 4 weeks of using eyeglasses with spectral filters, 86.9% of volunteers noted an improvement of visual working capacity and 13.1% considered there was no difference. Hence, eyeglasses with spectral filters are recommended as an ophthalmological measure preventing visual fatigue during long work with video displays.

Accommodation, Ocular↗