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Biomedical subjects

T A Khudushina

Publications and source records attributed to T A Khudushina.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Drug resistance of Mycobacteria tuberculosis in patients with new-onset pulmonary tuberculosis].

Statistics for the last 6 years show a trend to growing number of new cases with tuberculosis of the lungs with drug-resistant pathogen. In recurrent tuberculosis multiple drug resistance (MDR) was three times higher than in new cases. Treatment efficacy depended on MDR and patients' compliance. The results of the basic treatment course were unstable: many patients had exacerbation within 3-4 years after therapy, many patients died, especially those with M. tuberculosis resistant to many drugs.

Antibiotics, Antitubercular↗
PubMed2003

[To the problem of abacillary caverns in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

Less interest has been recently shown in the so-called openly negative syndrome in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, which occasionally results in healing of tuberculous caverns to form a cystoid cavity. The materials presented in this paper suggest that in the 1960s the openly negative syndrome occurred after chemotherapy in 8.7% of the patients registered at a tuberculosis facility for destructive pulmonary tuberculosis. This syndrome persists for 3 years or more (according to the data of bacterioscopy, sputum inoculation and biological test on guinea pigs). Of great interest are the data of histological study made under the head of Prof. V. I. Puzik on experimental animals. The absence of specific reactions in response to a biological test and the presence of significant lymphoid focal and diffuse infiltration in the lungs, hyperplasia of follicles of the spleen and lymph nodes allow them to be regarded as immunomorphological reactions in response to the protein components of destroyed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT). The long existing openly negative syndrome is also presented observed in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis but only in those who isolate MBT sensitive to antituberculous agents. In this connection, it is not inconceivable that special reparative processes that do not result in the long (3 years or more) existing openly negative syndrome in patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis who isolate resistant MBT forms.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Some aspects of tuberculosis prophylaxis care under current socioeconomic conditions].

The paper deals with 4-year work of a tuberculosis dispensary that serves over 1 million residents of Moscow. It presents the causes of late detection of tuberculosis, the specific features of the socioeconomic status and those of the clinical picture of the disease in relation to the "channel" of detection, as well as the structure of identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance in new and old cases of tuberculosis and also analyzes the efficacy of treatment by the DOTS methods in new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis who have complete a full 6-month treatment course.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed1999

[Analysis of tuberculosis morbidity in the southeastern district of Moscow].

The present-day poor epidemiological conditions are marked by an increase in tuberculosis detection rates (1.43%) with low coverage (28.0%) of the population with preventive fluorographic surveys and a high proportion (39.0%) of young patients (aged 18-39 years) among new cases. The shares of advanced and acute forms of tuberculosis were 7.2 and 11.4%, respectively. A decay phase was detected in 50.6%, 52.6% of patients isolated bacteria. In children, tuberculosis morbidity increased by 28.6% mainly among the unregistered extrafamilial contacts. Most patients (75.8%) detected upon their referral to the polyclinics and general hospitals had a high proportion of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Thus, the above trends of morbidity show its high potential level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Present-day clinical and social characteristics of newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

The present clinical and social characteristics of new cases with pulmonary tuberculosis show some features. The clinical characteristics of patients in 1995 to 1997 indicate an increased number of patients with disseminated, frequently bilateral processes and acute tuberculosis which is largely associated with the decline in preventive fluorographic surveys of the population including those who have contacted bacteria-isolating patients. There were 61.3% with pulmonary symptoms among those who visit physicians and 62.1% among those from the foci of tuberculous infection. Social aspects of the study demonstrate that there is a great number of young patients (56.4% of those under 39-49 years) and a high proportion (81.1%) of able-bodied patients among both males and females. There was an increase in the proportion of patients having higher education (43.7%) and a decrease in laboring patients (21.4%). This is most likely to be associated with the fact that many patients did not work by the profession they had been trained. There was a higher proportion (43.0%) of the patients having different poor working conditions and patterns. In these years, the patients' financial position deteriorated. It was slightly better in the employed than in the unemployed. However, in both groups the bulk of the patients had income per head in the family at the subsistence level or lower (56.2 and 21.6% in the unemployed and employed, respectively. These data were assessed by the guidelines made by the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation and the RF Ministry of Labour. It should be noted that the nutritional quality did not correspond to the optimal composition ratio of dietary foods and it was characterized by the high content of less valuable foods, carbohydrates, low levels of protein and vitamins. Poor social aspects in characteristics of patients were undoubtedly to be associated with a greater number of patients with severe, frequently progressive forms of tuberculosis although they had received specific chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Some specific features of temporary and persistent disability in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].

Disability was analyzed in 270 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis detected in 1995-1997. Today the level of disability and its associated expenses on payment of allowances due to the working incapacity of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis are more and more determined by different poor social factors, such as the specific features of the labour market, unemployment, lower living conditions of most patients with this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Characteristics of tuberculosis process in new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis from different social groups of patients in relation to methods of disease detection].

Three hundred and eighty new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were examined and the characteristics of a tuberculous process studied in different social groups (industrial and office workers, unemployed) in relation to methods of detection of the disease: on referrals or prophylactic examinations. There was a considerable reduction in the proportion of patients whose disease was detected on prophylactic examinations, and in the families of patients with tuberculosis. The tuberculous process detected on referrals was characterized by its higher prevalence and a qualitatively more severe form (caseous pneumonia, fibrinous-cavernous, and cavernous processes). A decay phase and bacterial isolation were more frequently noted.

Female↗
PubMed1997

[Present-day problems of detection and patient treatment with tuberculosis].

The problems of detection and treatment of patients with tuberculosis, which are of paramount importance for today, are presented through the analysis of the tuberculosis epidemic situation in the country and of the sociomedical characteristics of new cases (49% of socially disadapted persons). Of the most significance is the need to promptly identify patients with strains on their referral to the general somatic hospitals for complaints by using 3-multiple sputum bacterioscopy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the Ziehl-Neelsen method. The vital problem is also to change chemotherapeutical regimens as more severe progressive types of the disease require more active treatment in the first months after detection especially in the cohort of socially disadapted persons.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1997

[Sociomedical aspects of detection and treatment of patients with tuberculosis under present conditions].

By analyzing the present-day tuberculosis epidemiological situation in the country and sociomedical characteristics of new cases, the authors present methods for detecting and treating patients, which are of paramount importance for today. Of the most significance is the need to promptly identify patients with strains on their referral to the general somatic hospitals for complaints by using 3-multiple sputum bacterioscopy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the Ziehl-Neelsen method. The vital problem is also to change chemotherapeutical regimens as more severe progressive types of the disease require more active treatment in the first months after detection especially in the cohort of socially disadapted persons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical and social characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis registered as follow-up group 2].

The paper analyzes the examination of 240 patients with alleviating pulmonary tuberculosis (follow-up group 2) and provides clinical and social characteristics of this group of patients who had poor social factors, such as a social behaviour, alcoholism, unemployment, etc. Ninety one patients had various concomitant visceral diseases. During treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, most patients developed profound residual changes. This all requires more thorough follow-up while performing seasonal drug regimens and other prophylactic measures in Group 2 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Effects of different factors on work capacity status of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis].

As shown by medical disability expert commission which followed up 142 tuberculous patients throughout chemotherapy, the disability in new-onset tuberculosis cases is related both to medical and social factors. The jobs of 1/2 of the examinees were not fit for such patients. More than half of them had concomitant visceral lesions. The duration of temporary disability was consequent to many factors, the principal of which were dissemination and destruction: subjects with local infection without destruction were incapable 192 days, on the average, while those with tuberculosis dissemination and destruction 266 days. 14.1% became invalids. Only a small group of the patients were not in need of social support.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[SociaL aspects of pulmonology].

A group of new-onset pulmonary tuberculosis patients has been studied and its social characterization is provided in the paper. Comparison of the 1991-1992 findings with those obtained in 1970-1980 has indicated that social aspects are topical as before and have some specific features in recent years. The most important issues are now living conditions, financial status of the patients, their social lifestyle, refugees and rational employment of tuberculosis patients and disabled persons.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Optimization of the times of temporary work incapacity to prevent disability from tuberculosis].

Sickness certificates for prolonged recovery terms (by 2.5 months, on the average) were given to 330 tuberculous patients. It is shown that when the disability expert commission fixed prolonged terms for convalescence (10 months and longer) for tuberculous patients, this led to the disease stabilization in 90% of the patients who were able to resume their previous work. Only 10% of them became invalids.

Disability Evaluation↗