Biomedical subjects

Steve Evans

Publications and source records attributed to Steve Evans.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Maxillofacial fractures at Waikato Hospital, New Zealand: 1989 to 2000.

AIM: To describe the patterns of facial fractures presenting to a tertiary referral centre in New Zealand, and to identify risk indicators for maxillofacial trauma. METHOD: Clinical records of 2527 patients referred to a tertiary base hospital for the treatment of maxillofacial fractures from 1989 to 2000 were retrospectively analysed. Age, sex, ethnicity, cause of injury, anatomic location of facial fractures, alcohol involvement, and treatment received were recorded. RESULTS: The number of facial fractures treated by the Maxillofacial Unit at Waikato Hospital annually almost doubled over the 12-year study period (1989 to 2000). Eighty percent of those presenting with maxillofacial injuries were male, and 40% were aged between 15 and 24 years. Interpersonal violence and road traffic accidents were the most frequent causes of facial fractures. Alcohol consumption was associated with just over one-third of all cases, and was strongly associated with interpersonal violence. CONCLUSION: Presentation of patients with facial fractures at the Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery Unit at Waikato Hospital almost doubled over the 12 years. Risk indicators for presentation with a maxillofacial fracture included male gender, alcohol consumption, and interpersonal violence. There is an urgent need for appropriate health promotion to reduce interpersonal violence.

Accidental Falls↗

PubMed2004

Does preoperative rofecoxib (Vioxx) decrease postoperative pain with laparoscopic cholecystectomy?

BACKGROUND: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial was designed to study the effects of preemptive rofecoxib (Vioxx) analgesia in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: One hundred-twenty patients were enrolled in the study over a 21-month period, and 116 completed the study. One half of the patients received 50 mg rofecoxib preoperatively and the other half, placebo. Both groups were demographically similar. Medical information, patient and nursing assessments, and surgical data were evaluated. RESULTS: A significant reduction in requirements for postoperative narcotic analgesic dosing was noted in the rofecoxib group. In addition, patients receiving rofecoxib reported significantly less nausea and improvement in their activity level when compared with the control group. No complications were encountered with the preoperative use of rofecoxib. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, preoperative administration of rofecoxib in selected patients may facilitate postoperative recovery and decrease postoperative narcotic requirements.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Renal effects of glibenclamide in cystic fibrosis mice.

In vitro studies have shown that glibenclamide sensitivity is conferred upon Kir 1.1 K(+) channels when they are co-expressed with the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). In rats, glibenclamide acts as a K(+)-sparing diuretic by a mechanism that involves blockade of Kir 1.1 channels in the distal nephron. To test whether interaction between Kir 1.1 and CFTR is required to mediate the renal effects of glibenclamide (15 mg/kg), clearance experiments were performed comparing wild type (WT) and Cftr(tm2cam) Delta F508 cystic fibrosis (CF) mice. Glibenclamide treatment was associated with an equivalent diuresis in both WT and CF mice. Glibenclamide was K(+)-sparing in both genotypes with no significant change in urinary K(+) excretion observed. That glibenclamide was an effective K(+)-sparing diuretic in CF animals suggests that CFTR expression is not a requirement to mediate its renal actions in mice.

Animals↗