Biomedical subjects

Stephen Seiler

Publications and source records attributed to Stephen Seiler.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

[Buprenorphine and methadone to opiate addicts--a randomized trial].

BACKGROUND: There are approximately 12,000 opioid dependants in Norway. Methadone-assisted treatment was approved in Norway in 1998, buprenorphine in 2000. This study compares the efficacy of methadone (n = 25) and buprenorphine (n = 25) assisted maintenance treatment in a group of long-term (> 10 years) opioid dependant. MATERIAL AND METHODS: After randomisation patients received either 16 mg sublingual buprenorphine or individually adjusted methadone (mean 106 mg, range 80 - 160) for 26 weeks, with a rehabilitation programme run in parallel. RESULTS: After 180 days, patient retention was highest in the methadone group (85 % vs. 36 %, p < 0.0005). Days in treatment were 167 vs. 114 (95 % CI for difference 53 days (26-80), p < 0.001). Positive urine test rates for opiates (20 % vs 24 %, p < 0.01) and cannabis (33 % vs 45 %, p < 0.001) were lower in the methadone group which also had lower self-reported risk behaviour and psychological distress. However, only those on buprenorphine reported significant improvement in physical health. For older, long-term opioid dependants with significant co-morbidity and unsuccessful medication-free treatment, high-dose methadone maintenance appears to be the treatment of choice. However, in cases where methadone is poorly tolerated, buprenorphine therapy may be a good alternative.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Rowing injuries.

The sport of rowing has gained considerable momentum in recent years. It appeals to many age groups and is an endurance activity with no sudden accelerations or ballistic impact forces. It is associated with several injuries that are so typical that they are easily recognized by the enthusiast and in many cases do not require imaging. These include wrist tenosynovitis, intersection syndrome, and rib fracture. Other injuries may be the result of strenuous training programs or faulty rowing technique and include low back injuries and patellar maltracking. The etiology, biomechanics, imaging, and treatment of rowing-related disorders are discussed.

Athletic Injuries↗

PubMed2005

The impact of rest duration on work intensity and RPE during interval training.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of rest duration on self-selected intensity, physiological responses, and RPE during a standardized, high-intensity interval training prescription. SUBJECTS: Nine well-trained male runners (VO(2max) 71 +/- 4 mL.kg(-1).min(-1)) performed three treadmill interval training sessions running at constant 5% incline. Six 4-min work bouts with either 1-, 2-, or 4-min recovery periods were performed in each session. Sessions were prescribed as "high-intensity" workouts with the goal being to achieve the highest possible average running speed for the work intervals. Subjects regulated their work and rest intensity based on these instructions. In a fourth interval session, subjects self-selected recovery time in response to a fixed intensity. RESULTS: Running velocity increased slightly (14.7 +/- 0.7 vs 14.4 +/- 0.8 km.h(-1), P = 0.02) when rest increased from 1 to 2 min, but showed no further increase with a 4-min rest (14.7 +/- 0.6 km.h(-1). Work VO(2) was slightly higher with a 2-min rest duration compared with 1 and 4 min (66.2 +/- 4.2 vs 65.1 +/- 4.2 and 64.9 +/- 4.7 mL.kg(-1).min(-1), P < 0.05). Peak blood lactate was similar (6.2 +/- 2.6, 6.8 +/- 2.9, 6.2 +/- 2.6 mmol.L(-1)) across conditions, whereas peak RPE was slightly lower during the 4-min rest condition (17.1 +/- 1.3, 17.7 +/- 1.5, 16.8 +/- 1.5, P < 0.05). With self-selected recovery time and no knowledge of elapsed time, the average rest duration was 118 +/- 23 s. CONCLUSIONS: Under self-paced conditions, varying rest duration in a range of 1 to 4 min had limited impact on performance during repeated 4-min high-intensity exercise bouts. Approximately 120 s of active recovery may provide an appropriate balance between intracellular restitution and maintenance of high VO(2) on-kinetics.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Effect of work duration on physiological and rating scale of perceived exertion responses during self-paced interval training.

This study compared running velocity, physiological responses, and perceived exertion during self-paced interval training bouts differing only in work bout duration. Twelve well-trained runners (nine males, three females, 28+/-5 years, VO2 max 65+/-6 mL min(-1) kg(-1)) performed preliminary testing followed by four "high-intensity" interval sessions (Latin squares, 1 session week(-1) over 4 weeks) consisting of 24 x 1, 12 x 2, 6 x 4, or 4 x 6-min running bouts with a 1:1 work-to-rest interval (total session duration 48 min). The average running velocity decreased (93%, 88%, 86%, 84% vVO2 max, P < 0.01) with increasing work duration. Peak VO2 averaged about 92+/-4% of VO2 max for 2-, 4-, and 6-min intervals compared with only 82+/-5% for 1-min bouts (P < 0.001). Six of 12 athletes achieved their highest average VO2 and heart rate during 4-min intervals. The average RPEpeak (rating scale of perceived exertion) was approximately 17+/-1 for all four interval sessions. RPE increased by 2-4 U during an interval training session. The mean lactate concentration was similar across sessions (4.3+/-1.1-4.6+/-1.5 mmol L(-1)). Under self-paced conditions, well-trained runners perform "high-intensity" intervals at an RPE of approximately 17, independent of interval duration. The optimal interval duration for eliciting a high physiological load is 3-5 min under these training conditions. Increases in RPE during an interval bout are not associated with increasing blood lactate concentration.

Adult↗