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Biomedical subjects

Stefano Mancini

Publications and source records attributed to Stefano Mancini.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Entangled light pulses from single cold atoms.

The coherent interaction between a laser-driven single trapped atom and an optical high-finesse resonator allows one to produce entangled multiphoton light pulses on demand. The mechanism is based on the mechanical effect of light. The degree of entanglement can be controlled through the parameters of the laser excitation. Experimental realization of the scheme is within reach of current technology. A variation of the technique allows for controlled generation of entangled subsequent pulses, with the atomic motion serving as intermediate memory of the quantum state.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Distributed quantum computation via optical fibers.

We investigate the possibility of realizing effective quantum gates between two atoms in distant cavities coupled by an optical fiber. We show that highly reliable swap and entangling gates are achievable. We exactly study the stability of these gates in the presence of imperfections in coupling strengths and interaction times and prove them to be robust. Moreover, we analyze the effect of spontaneous emission and losses and show that such gates are very promising in view of the high level of coherent control currently achievable in optical cavities.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Secure deterministic communication without entanglement.

We propose a protocol for deterministic communication that does not make use of entanglement. It exploits nonorthogonal states in a two-way quantum channel to attain unconditional security and high efficiency of the transmission. We explicitly show the scheme is secure against a class of individual attacks regardless of the noise on the channel. Its experimental realization is feasible with current technology.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Successful paternity with microassisted fertilization after total body irradiation-based conditioning for autologous bone marrow transplantation.

We present the case of a 20-year-old man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who received chemotherapy with vincristine, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, teniposide (VM-26), and bleomicin, followed by an autologous bone marrow transplantation after total body irradiation (TBI)-cyclophosphamide-based conditioning regimen. At 14 years, despite the severe oligoasthenospermia, he fathered a healthy child by assisted reproductive technique (ART) consisting in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation of the patient's wife, transvaginal ovum pick up and microinjection of the ovum with a previously isolated sperm cell from the patient (intracytoplasmatic sperm injection, ICSI). As far as we know, that is the first documented case of successful paternity using microassisted fertilization with ICSI technique in a patient submitted to TBI-based bone marrow transplantation.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2002

Entangling macroscopic oscillators exploiting radiation pressure.

It is shown that radiation pressure can be profitably used to entangle macroscopic oscillators like movable mirrors, using present technology. We prove a new sufficient criterion for entanglement and show that the achievable entanglement is robust against thermal noise. Its signature can be revealed using common optomechanical readout apparatus.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on varicocele III: ultrastructural sperm evaluation and 18, X and Y aneuploidies.

The idea that varicocele plays a detrimental role in fertility is supported by the presence of a higher frequency of affected men among the infertile population than among men with normal semen parameters. In this research we examined ejaculates from a large group of selected men affected by varicocele by light and electron microscopy. The effect of varicocele on chromosome meiotic segregation was investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The potential benefits of varicocelectomy on sperm quality were evaluated by analyzing sperm characteristics before and after surgical correction of varicocele. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, elaborated previously, showed that the incidence of immaturity, apoptosis, and necrosis was higher in the varicocele group than in controls. FISH analysis performed on sperm nuclei from selected patients with varicocele showed that the mean frequencies of disomies and diploidies were generally out of the normal range, indicating a severe disturbance in meiotic segregation. Sperm characteristics evaluated before and after varicocele repair showed a general improvement. As a consequence, the varicocele seem to affect sperm morphology and function concomitantly with meiotic segregation derangement. In consideration of these data, we suggest that TEM and FISH analyses should be performed for all varicocele patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antibiotic prophylaxis in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: from empiricism to evidence. Review of the problem and proposal of a randomized trial of the Lap Group Roma].

More than 10 years after its appearance in clinical practice, laparoscopic cholecystectomy can now be considered the standard operation for gallstone disease. However, some aspects of this operation are still debated. The need to perform routine antibiotic prophylaxis in order to reduce the incidence of infectious complications is still a matter of controversy. International guidelines do not recommend its routine use. The evidence for this, however, is rather limited, because there are no randomized trials with a sufficient number of cases to avoid a type II error. The authors, on behalf of the Lap Group Roma, introduce the protocol of a multicenter prospective randomized controlled clinical trial designed to find a definitive answer to this problem.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis↗