Biomedical subjects

Seilesh Babu

Publications and source records attributed to Seilesh Babu.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Ossicular reconstruction using bone cement.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe our results of ossicular reconstruction using bone cement. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective review of 264 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media operated on since 1999. SETTING: Academic tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: : Two hundred sixty-four patients with chronic suppurative otitis media underwent mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty. Eighty patients had incudostapedial disarticulation secondary to infection and or cholesteatoma and were reconstructed using an incus interposition graft (n = 31), a partial ossicular prosthesis (POP; n = 31), or more recently, bone source (n = 18). This study evaluates the results of the ossiculoplasties using bone source. INTERVENTION: Ossicular discontinuity was repaired using bone cement. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Audiometric studies pre- and postintervention were compared. One to 3 years of follow up are provided. RESULTS: Preoperative air-bone gaps ranged from 18 dB to 60 dB and averaged 33 dB. Postoperative air-bone gaps ranged from 1 to 24 dB and averaged 10 dB. No patients have experienced any increase in their persistent conductive hearing loss. The pre-/postoperative hearing loss comparisons showed statistically significant hearing improvement. There were no complications. CONCLUSION: The use of POPs and incus interposition grafts is fraught with the possibility of migration and resultant recurrent conductive hearing loss. Using bone cement to reconstruct the ossicular chain restores the integrity of the ossicular chain in the most natural of ways. This reconstruction technique provides an excellent alternative to currently accepted methods and should be considered for incus-stapes disarticulation. There has been no dissolution of the bone source and the results have persisted thus far.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

A new approach for malleus/incus fixation: no prosthesis necessary.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a novel approach to manage malleus/incus fixation. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of 363 patients with conductive hearing loss operated on since 1996. SETTING: Academic tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Three hundred sixty-three patients with conductive hearing loss, an intact tympanic membrane, and without history for chronic infection underwent middle ear exploration. Three hundred forty-three had otosclerosis and underwent laser stapedotomy; the remaining 20 patients had laser release of their malleus/incus fixation. INTERVENTION: Twenty patients are presented in this paper. Nineteen patients were diagnosed with malleus fixation before surgery. One patient had a total perforation and mobility of the ossicular chain was not verified preoperatively. This patient was, intraoperatively, noted to have complete ossicular fixation. Conductive hearing loss was identified using audiometry and tuning forks. Nineteen of the 20 patients had the diagnosis confirmed using micropneumotoscopy and noting immobility of the malleus. A transcanal approach was used, and the malleus/incus fixation was released using a laser. This space was expanded upon using a drill. A 1.5-2.0 mm space was created where the ossicular fixation existed, thereby reducing the likelihood of refixation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Audiometric studies before and after intervention were compared. One to seven years of follow up are provided. RESULTS: Preoperative air-bone gaps ranged from 18 dB to 51 dB and averaged 33 dB. Postoperative air-bone gaps ranged from 1-36 dB and averaged 13 dB. No patients have experienced refixation. There were two complications: one perforation requiring a tympanoplasty and one patient sustaining a 20 dB high-frequency sensorineural loss, most likely secondary to inadvertent drill contact to the ossicular chain. CONCLUSION: When fixation of the malleus and/or incus is found, treatment options exist. A common technique involves removal of the incus and head of the malleus and reconstruction with an incus interposition or a partial ossicular prosthesis. Another technique proposed by the senior author (M.D.S.) is maintenance of the normal anatomy and use of the potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser and drill to free the ossicles and widen the epitympanum. This series shows successful closure of the air-bone gap with this technique.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Alternative medications and other treatments for tinnitus: facts from fiction.

Tinnitus is a significant medical problem affecting approximately 50 million Americans, 12 million of them severely. Once a thorough evaluation has been performed by a qualified otolaryngologist, and no life-threatening pathology has been identified, the opportunity for treatment exists. Treatment options are extensive and range from approved protocols to anecdotal remedies. Although tinnitus may not miraculously disappear, many therapeutic options exist that may help to make the tinnitus more manageable.

Complementary Therapies↗

PubMed2003

Effects of resveratrol on acoustic trauma.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study is to test the ability of resveratrol to protect the auditory system from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated noise damage. Oxidative stress is mediated by ROS, which are known to cause cellular and molecular damage. Interfering with this process, using ROS inhibitors/scavengers such as antioxidants has shown promise in protecting specific systems from oxidative damage. Among the antioxidants receiving recent attention is resveratrol, an active component in red wine. Study design and setting Ten Fischer rats were used for this study. The experimental group (n = 5) received 7 weeks of resveratrol treatment (430/microg/kg/day), by gavage, and the control group (n = 5) received normal saline solution by gavage. Baseline auditory brainstem responses (3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 kHz) were determined for both groups. After 21 days, animals were exposed to noise (105 dB, 4500 to 9000 Hz for 24 hours). Postnoise auditory brainstem responses were assessed at 4 recovery time points: immediate, at 3 days, 7 days, and 4 weeks after noise exposure. RESULTS: Results demonstrate that the resveratrol group showed reduced threshold shifts compared with the control group after noise exposure. These shifts were significantly different between groups at 6 and 9 kHz (P < 0.05), corresponding to the region most represented by the frequency of the traumatic noise.Conclusion/significance Initial studies in our laboratory as well as other investigators have shown the importance of specific antioxidant therapy in the prevention of ischemic, noise, and age related hearing loss. The current study demonstrates a protective effect of resveratrol on noise-induced hearing loss.

Animals↗