Biomedical subjects

Satoshi Sasaki

Publications and source records attributed to Satoshi Sasaki.

117 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Severity of hypertension affects improved resistance artery endothelial function by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the restoration of endothelial function by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition based on the severity of hypertension. Forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured in 69 patients with essential hypertension (mild, n = 23; moderate, n = 29; and severe, n = 17 randomly assigned to treatment with either imidapril or amlodipine for 24 weeks in a double-blind fashion during reactive hyperemia and after sublingual administration of nitroglycerin. Imidapril augmented the FBF response to reactive hyperemia after 24 weeks of treatment in the mild and moderate hypertensive groups, but not in the severe hypertensive group. The augmentation of the FBF response to reactive hyperemia induced by imidapril was significantly greater in the moderate hypertensive group than in the mild hypertensive group. Amlodipine did not alter the FBF response to reactive hyperemia. The increase in FBF after the sublingually administered nitroglycerin was similar in all groups. The infusion of NG-monomethyl-l-arginine, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, abolished the enhancement of reactive hyperemia in the mild and moderate hypertensive groups treated with imidapril. These findings suggest that the effects of imidapril on endothelial function are affected by the severity of hypertension and that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced augmentation of reactive hyperemia may be due to increased nitric oxide production.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Characteristics of tumors in lymph vessels play an important role in the tumor progression of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: a prospective study.

It is unknown whether the characteristics of tumor cells in lymph vessels play an important role in the tumor progression of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of the characteristics of tumor cells in the lymph vessels in relation to the tumor progression in 393 IDC patients in comparison with well-known histological parameters. The dimensions of lymph vessel tumor emboli were measured, and their structural features, nuclear atypia, and numbers of mitotic and apoptotic figures were also assessed. Multiple regression analysis showed the dimension, the distance, the number of mitotic figures, the number of apoptotic figures, and papillary features of lymph vessel tumor emboli to be significantly associated with the increased number of cells invading the lymph vessels (P < .05). The Cox proportional hazard multivariate analyses showed that more than six apoptotic figures in lymph vessel tumor emboli significantly increased the hazard rates (HRs) of tumor recurrence and death in IDCs without nodal metastasis and that more than four mitotic figures in lymph vessel tumor emboli significantly increased the HRs of tumor recurrence and death in IDCs with nodal metastasis (P < .05). The present study showed that the histological characteristics of tumor cells in lymph vessels play a very important role in the tumor progression of IDCs.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Smoking and risk of premature death among middle-aged Japanese: ten-year follow-up of the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study on cancer and cardiovascular diseases (JPHC Study) cohort I.

To update the evidence on the association between smoking and mortality, we analyzed data from a population-based prospective study in Japan. In total, 19950 men and 21534 women aged 40 - 59 who reported their smoking history and had no serious disease at baseline survey were followed. During 1990 - 1999, 1014 men and 500 women died. Smokers were associated with an unhealthy lifestyle. Relative risks (RRs) for selected cause of death due to smoking were slightly attenuated by adjusting for possible confounding factors. Age- and area-adjusted RRs of male current smokers compared with never smokers were 1.66 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.40, 1.95) for all causes, 1.69 (1.31, 2.18) for all cancers, 1.67 (1.20, 2.34) for all circulatory system disease, and 1.63 (1.24, 2.15) for other causes, while those of females were 2.03 (1.52, 2.73), 2.06 (1.35, 3.15), 2.99 (1.75, 5.11), 1.31 (0.69, 2.51), respectively. After adjusting for multivariate variables, the corresponding RRs of male smokers were 1.55 (1.29, 1.86), 1.61 (1.20, 2.15), 1.41 (0.97, 2.03), and 1.61 (1.17, 2.19), against 1.89 (1.36, 2.62), 1.83 (1.14, 2.95), 2.72 (1.45, 5.07), and 1.39 (0.71, 2.73) for females. Twenty-two percent of death from all causes, 25% of all cancer, and 17% of all circulatory system disease deaths, could be attributed to cigarette smoking in males, and 5%, 4%, and 11% in females, respectively. Cumulative dose as indicated by pack-years was clearly associated with cancer death. These findings provided information as to the quantitative risk for premature death due to smoking among middle-aged Japanese men and women, and showed that the elevated risk was not explained by the unhealthy lifestyle of smokers.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

The intraductal carcinoma component is a significant prognostic parameter in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas.

We have sometimes encountered invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs) of the pancreas containing intraductal carcinoma components in the intra- and / or extra-tumor area. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether intraductal carcinoma components would be useful for predicting the outcome of IDC patients. Forty-seven surgically treated IDCs were examined, and all histological tumor sections were stained with Elastica to accurately confirm intraductal carcinoma components. Well-known clinicopathological parameters that exhibited a significant correlation in the univariate analyses for predicting disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were entered into the Cox proportional hazard multivariate analysis. Since the lowest P-value predicting DFS or OS periods was observed in IDCs with more than 10% intraductal carcinoma components and those with 10% or less intraductal carcinoma components (P = 0.028 and P = 0.019), we established the cutoff value of intraductal carcinoma components at 10%. In the multivariate analyses for DFS and OS, the presence of more than 10% intraductal carcinoma components showed a marginally significant increase in the hazard rate (HR) of tumor recurrence (P = 0.067) and significantly increased the HR of mortality (P = 0.040). The present study demonstrated that IDCs with more than 10% intraductal carcinoma components were associated with a significantly better patient outcome than those with 10% or less intraductal carcinoma components.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Lack of long-term effect of vitamin C supplementation on blood pressure.

In a double-blinded randomized controlled trial, we investigated the long-term effect of vitamin C supplementation on blood pressure. A total of 439 Japanese subjects with atrophic gastritis initially participated in the trial using vitamin C and beta-carotene to prevent gastric cancer. Before and on early termination of beta-carotene supplementation, 134 subjects dropped out of this trial, whereas 120 and 124 subjects took the vitamin C supplement daily at either 50 mg or 500 mg, respectively, for 5 years. Before supplementation, neither systolic nor diastolic blood pressure was significantly related with the serum vitamin C concentration. This relationship was unchanged after adjustment for age, body mass index, and alcohol intake or after stratification by gender. After 5 years, systolic blood pressure significantly increased in groups, regardless of vitamin C dose, compared with baseline. Systolic blood pressure in the high-dose group (500 mg daily) increased from 125.4 to 131.7 mm Hg (5.88 mm Hg increase; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.11 to 8.65). This value was similar with that of the low-dose group (5.73 mm Hg increase; 95% CI, 2.62 to 8.83) and of the dropout group (4.52 mm Hg increase; 95% CI, 1.26 to 7.77). There was no difference in change of diastolic blood pressure among the 3 groups. In conclusion, we observed no reduction in blood pressure with long-term moderate doses (500 mg/day) of vitamin C supplementation in a high-risk population for stomach cancer and stroke.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Excess norepinephrine impairs both endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation in patients with pheochromocytoma.

There is little information concerning the interaction of nitric oxide and norepinephrine (NE) on endothelial function in humans. The purpose of this study was to determine whether endothelial function is impaired by NE secreted from patients with pheochromocytoma (pheo) and whether surgical resection of the tumor improves endothelial function in these patients. We evaluated the forearm blood flow (FBF) response to acetylcholine (ACh), an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), an endothelium-independent vasodilator, before and after adrenalectomy in 8 pheo patients, 20 normotensive subjects, and 20 patients with essential hypertension. FBF was measured using a mercury-filled silastic strain-gauge plethysmograph. The FBF response to ACh was the greatest in normotensive subjects and the least in pheo patients. The FBF response to ISDN was significantly less in pheo patients than in the other 2 groups, which had similar responses to ISDN. Adrenalectomy significantly decreased plasma and urinary NE, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate, and forearm vascular resistance. After adrenalectomy, FBF responses to both ACh and ISDN were enhanced in all pheo patients. The ratio of maximal ACh-stimulated FBF to maximal ISDN-stimulated FBF was significantly higher after adrenalectomy than before adrenalectomy (2.1 +/- 0.4 versus 1.1 +/- 0.1; P<0.05). The increase in maximal FBF response to ACh correlated significantly with the decrease in urinary excretion of NE (r=-0.62, P<0.01). These findings suggest that excess NE from pheo may predominantly impair endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans.

Adrenalectomy↗

PubMed2002

[Not Available].

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Journal Article↗

PubMed1994

Nutrition and the Aging Process: A Population Study.

Highly significant correlations exist in the age range 35 to 84 years between log mortality from all causes and age, obtained from 33 countries (mean r equals 0.999 in men and 0.997 in women). Populations with a high life expectancy are characterized by a low intercept and a high slope of the equation between log mortality and age. The slope and intercept of the equation obtained from different countries are highly intercorrelated, pointing to a maximum life expectancy at the population level of about 104 years in men and 108 years in women. The slope of the equation between log mortality and age can be considered as an expression of the resistance against aging of a given population. Significant positive correlations exist between the level of saturated fat intake and the determinants of mortality at the population level. These correlations are more evident in men compared with women. The results offer evidence for a detrimental influence of saturated fat on the aging process in populations.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

DNA length evaluation using cyanine dye and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.

To develop a high-performance method for measuring the length of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) fragments, the capability of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) was examined. To omit troublesome and time-consuming labeling operations such as PCR with fluorescently labeled mononucleotides or primers, intercalation of dimeric cyanine dye YOYO-1 iodide (YOYO) to dsDNA was utilized as a simple labeling method. Various lengths of dsDNA fragments were prepared and mixed with YOYO prior to FCS, and the dependence of the diffusion time of a dsDNA-YOYO complex on the length of dsDNA fragment and the dsDNA/YOYO ratio was investigated. It was successfully demonstrated that the dsDNA length can be measured using YOYO and FCS, and the calibration curve was developed taking into account the rewinding and expansion of the dsDNA fragment caused by YOYO intercalation.

Benzoxazoles↗