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Santiago Horgan

Publications and source records attributed to Santiago Horgan.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Routine left robotic-assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy is safe and effective regardless of the presence of vascular anomalies.

The classic approach to donor nephrectomy consists of preferential procurement of the kidney without vascular anomalies. We studied the effect of routine procurement of the left kidney regardless the presence of multiple arteries on the outcomes of robotic-assisted laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (LLDN) with particular reference to the incidence of urological complications. From August 2000 to July 2005, 209 left LLDNs were performed. We analyzed the outcomes of donors and recipients in relation to the presence of multiple vessels versus normal anatomy. We divided the patients into two groups: group A (n = 148) with normal vascular anatomy and group B (n = 61) with vascular anomalies. In the donors, no significant difference in conversion to open surgery rate, blood loss, length of stay, was noted between the two groups; operative time and warm ischemia time were slightly higher in group B. One-year patient survival was 98% in both groups while the 1-year graft survival was 96.6% in group A and 96% in group B. Only one urological complication was noted in the group with normal anatomy (0.7%) versus none in the group with multiple arteries. Left kidney procurement using robotic-assisted laparoscopic technique is safe and effective, even in the presence of vascular anomalies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Short-term outcomes with small intestinal submucosa for ventral abdominal hernia.

HYPOTHESIS: A bioabsorbable tissue scaffold of porcine submucosal small intestine extracellular matrix (Surgisis Gold [SIS]; Cook Biotech Inc, West Lafayette, Ind) mesh is safe and effective for ventral hernia repair. DESIGN: Retrospective case series at a university teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Fifty-three consecutive patients having 8-ply SIS mesh repair of ventral abdominal hernias. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Early complications, reoperation, hernia recurrence, mesh or wound infection, or reaction. Outcomes reported and compared on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Patients were stratified by wound class: clean, clean-contaminated and contaminated, or dirty. Median follow-up was 14 months (range, 2-29 months) during which there were 22 complications (41%), 17 early reoperations (32%), 13 partial dehiscences (21%), 6 mesh reactions (11%), and 9 recurrent hernias (17%). Seven recurrent hernias (78%) in critically ill, patients with dirty wounds had the SIS mesh removed owing to infection or reoperation. In patients without SIS mesh removal or debridement, 1 (2.2%) of 44 developed a recurrent hernia at 6 months. Patients with dirty wounds were more likely to need early reoperation (P<.001), develop a complication (P<.01), partial wound dehiscence (P<.05), or recurrent hernia (P<.01) compared with patients with clean wounds. Critically ill patients were more likely to have hernia recurrence (P<.05), early reoperation (P<.001), and postoperative complications (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS: Eight-ply SIS mesh is safe in clean and clean-contaminated hernia repair with satisfactory short-term outcomes. However, delayed wound infection, repeated operation, and mesh debridement warrant cautious use of SIS mesh in critically ill patients and those with dirty wounds.

Critical Illness↗
PubMed2005

Robotic-assisted Heller myotomy versus laparoscopic Heller myotomy for the treatment of esophageal achalasia: multicenter study.

Laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM) has become the standard treatment option for achalasia. The incidence of esophageal perforation reported is about 5%-10%. Robotically assisted Heller myotomy (RAHM) is emerging as a safe alternative to LHM. Data comparing the two approaches are scant. The aim of this study was to compare RAHM with LHM in terms of efficacy and safety for treatment of achalasia. A total of 121 patients underwent surgical treatment of achalasia at three institutions. A retrospective review of prospectively collected perioperative data was performed. Patients were divided into two groups: group A (RAHM), 59 patients, and group B (LHM), 62 patients. All the operations were completed using minimally invasive techniques. There were 63 women and 58 men, with a mean age of 45 +/- 19 years (14-82 years). Fifty-one percent of patients in group A and 95% of patients in group B reported weight loss. Duration of symptoms was equal for both groups. Dysphagia was the main complaint in both groups (P = NS). There was no difference in preoperative endoscopic treatment in both groups (44% versus 27%, P = NS). Operative time was significantly shorter for LHM in the first half of the experience (141 +/- 49 versus 122 +/- 44 minutes, P < .05). However, in the last 30 cases there was no difference in operative time between the groups (P = NS). Intraoperative complications (esophageal perforation) were more frequent in group B (16% versus 0%). The incidence of postoperative heartburn did not differ by group. There were no deaths. At 18 and 22 months, 92% and 90% of patients had relief of their dysphagia. This study suggests that RAHM is safer than LHM, because it decreases the incidence of esophageal perforation to 0%, even in patients who had previous treatment. At short-term follow-up, relief of dysphagia was equally achieved in both groups

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding for the treatment of adolescent morbid obesity in the United States: a safe alternative to gastric bypass.

BACKGROUND: Morbid obesity (MO) has reached epidemic proportions and is a major health problem in developed nations. In the adolescent with MO, early intervention can minimize obesity-related comorbidities, avoid premature mortality, improve quality of life, and prevent obesity-related diseases as these patients mature into adulthood. The primary surgical treatment of adolescent patients meeting National Institutes of Health criteria for bariatric surgery has been the gastric bypass (GB). Although GB has led to weight loss and improvement of comorbid conditions, concerns remain over the high incidence of postoperative complications and life-style-altering long-term sequelae of gastrointestinal tract reconstruction. Based on the excellent results from international adult series as well as the authors' own experience of more than 300 adult patients, laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) as an alternative to GB to eligible adolescents was offered. METHODS: After medical, psychologic, and nutritional screening, 4 patients (ages 17-19 years) with a body mass index of 40 or more (range, 40-61) who failed medical attempts at weight loss were selected for LAGB. RESULTS: The operative time was 40 to 90 minutes. All patients were discharged on the day of surgery. There were no early complications. One patient had cholecystitis 6 months after surgery requiring laparoscopic cholecystectomy. For the 4 patients, the amount of excess weight loss was 57% at 30 months, 34% at 12 months, 87% at 7 months, and 15% at 4 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary series of the US experience in the use of LAGB for the management of adolescents with MO, the lack of operative morbidity, short operative time/hospital stay, and encouraging initial weight loss mirror the adult experience and illustrate that the LAGB is a safe and effective alternative to GB. These encouraging results support further evaluation of LAGB as a surgical option in a comprehensive adolescent weight loss program.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Computer-enhanced robotic telesurgery minimizes esophageal perforation during Heller myotomy.

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic Heller myotomy has emerged as the treatment of choice for achalasia. However, intraoperative esophageal perforation remains a significant complication. Computer-enhanced operative techniques have the potential to improve outcomes for certain operative procedures. Robotic, computer-enhanced laparoscopic telemanipulators using 3-dimensional magnified imaging and motion scaling are designed uniquely to facilitate certain operations requiring fine-tissue manipulation. We hypothesized that computer-enhanced robotic Heller myotomy would reduce intraoperative complications compared with laparoscopic techniques. METHODS: All patients undergoing an operation for achalasia at 3 institutions with a robotic surgery system (DaVinci; Intuitive Surgical Corporation, Sunnyvale, Calif) were followed-up prospectively. Demographics, perioperative course, complications, and hospital stay were recorded. Follow-up evaluation was obtained via a standardized symptom survey, office visits, and medical records. Data were compared with preoperative symptoms using a Mann-Whitney U test, and operating times were compared using the ANOVA test. RESULTS: Between August 2000 and August 2004 there were 104 patients who underwent a robotic Heller myotomy with partial fundoplicaton. There were 53 women and 51 men. All patients were symptomatic. The operative time was 140.55 minutes overall, but improved from 162.63 minutes to 113.50 minutes from 2000-2002 to 2003-2004 (P = .0001). There were no esophageal perforations. There were 8 minor complications and 1 patient required conversion to an open operation. Sixty-six (62.3%) patients were discharged on the first postoperative day and the average hospital stay was 1.5 days. A symptom survey was completed in 79 of 104 patients (76%) at follow-up evaluation. Symptoms improved in all patients with an average follow-up symptom score of 0.48 compared with 5.0 before the operation (P = .0001). Forty-three of the 79 patients from whom follow-up data were collected had a minimum follow-up period of 1 year. The follow-up period averaged 16 months. No patients required reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: Computer-enhanced robotic laparoscopic techniques provide a clear advantage over standard laparoscopy for the operative treatment of achalasia. We have shown in this large series that Heller myotomy can be completed using this technology without esophageal perforation. The application of computer-enhanced operative techniques appears to provide superior outcomes in selected procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Robots in general surgery: present and future].

Robotic surgery is an emerging technology. We began to use this technique in 2000, after it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Our preliminary experience was satisfactory. We report 4 years' experience of using this technique in our institution. Between August 2000 and December 2004, 399 patients underwent robotic surgery using the Da Vinci system. We performed 110 gastric bypass procedures, 30 Lap band, 59 Heller myotomies, 12 Nissen fundoplications, 6 epiphrenic diverticula, 18 total esophagectomies, 3 esophageal leiomyoma resections, 1 pyloroplasty, 2 gastrojejunostomies, 2 transduodenal sphincteroplasties, 10 adrenalectomies and 145 living-related donor nephrectomies. Operating times for fundoplications and Lap band were longer. After the learning curve, the operating times and morbidity of the remaining procedures were considerably reduced. Robot-assisted surgery allows advanced laparoscopic procedures to be performed with enhanced results given that it reduces the learning curve as measured by operating time and morbidity.

Bariatrics↗
PubMed2004

Robotically assisted bariatric surgery.

Obesity is a serious health problem in the United States today, and surgical treatment is recognized as long-term effective therapy. Minimally invasive techniques are becoming the "gold standard" approach to the treatment of disease, and robotic surgery has the potential to advance the use and development of minimally invasive procedures. In this article, we report our experience using robotically assisted technology to perform bariatric surgery. From mid 2002 to early 2004, 110 robotically assisted Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 32 robotically assisted gastric banding procedures were performed at our institution. The mean preoperative body mass index was 46 for the patients receiving Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 49 for the patients receiving gastric banding. The mean length of stay was 2.1 days and 1 day for patients in the 2 respective groups. There were 3 strictures in the Roux-en-Y group and 1 marginal ulcer in the gastric banding group; no leaks were observed in any patients in either group. There was 1 conversion to a laparoscopic procedure in the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass group. We conclude that robotically assisted bariatric surgery will allow more surgeons to offer patients the same safety and successful outcomes currently available through open techniques but without the significant morbidities of large surgical wounds.

Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y↗
PubMed2004

Robotically assisted donor nephrectomy for kidney transplantation.

The application of minimally invasive techniques in the field of transplant surgery is expanding the number of living-related donor nephrectomies. In 2003, the number of living kidney donors exceeded the number of cadaveric donors. The laparoscopic techniques already have been described extensively. Our experience with robotic donor nephrectomy began in October 2000. In this article, we describe the surgical technique for living-related donor nephrectomies using robotic technology (computer-enhanced surgery), as well as the most important considerations regarding the pre- and postoperative management of this group of patients.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

Endoscopic treatment of gastroesophageal reflux.

The treatment of gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) has improved dramatically in recent years. The new endoluminal treatments may bring a relatively simple, minimally invasive therapy that can be simultaneously applied in patients with GERD undergoing diagnostic upper endoscopy. Although the initial results are promising, these new techniques are generating some controversy and require further evaluation with randomized studies and longer follow-ups to define their precise role in the long-term management of the gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Catheter Ablation↗
PubMed2004

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic pediatric Heller's cardiomyotomy: initial case report.

Achalasia is well documented in the pediatric age group. The treatment is primarily surgical, via the laparoscopic approach. This report describes two cases in which patients underwent successful robotic-assisted laparoscopic Heller's myotomy. The advantages of this novel approach are discussed, with a special emphasis on its applications to the pediatric population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

The role of robotic surgery in morbid obesity.

The purpose of this review was to form a collaborative opinion regarding the utility of robotic technology, specifically the da Vinci robot (Intuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA), for bariatric surgery. Eleven surgeons are currently using the da Vinci system to perform laparoscopic bariatric surgery. The surgeons were queried about the type of robotic bariatric surgery and number of cases performed, complications, and any available outcomes data. They were also asked to give their opinion of the current state of robotic bariatric surgery. Ten of the 11 surgeons responded. Six surgeons are currently using the system for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, three for laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, and three for biliary pancreatic diversion. Robotic technology is successfully being applied to bariatric surgery in a few advanced minimally invasive surgery centers throughout the United States.

Gastric Bypass↗
PubMed2003

Robotic-assisted minimally invasive transhiatal esophagectomy.

Minimally invasive surgery has been increasing in its adaptability to a wide range of procedures. Initially used in general surgery for cholecystectomy its use has now expanded to include Nissen fundoplications, Heller myotomies, donor nephrectomies, and total esophagectomies. Technological advancements have evolved to include robotic systems for performance of complex surgical procedures. We report on our experience of using robotic-assisted technology to perform a transhiatal total esophagectomy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy for kidney transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive laparoscopic nephrectomy is a well-established alternative to open surgery in living donors for kidney transplantation. Donor mortality and morbidity rates as well as recipient outcome are comparable to the open approach. Furthermore, the procedure is associated with reduced donor discomfort, faster recovery, and improved cosmetic results. Recently, an advanced robotic system for laparoscopic surgery was approved for use in the United States. This system allows a greater freedom of movement and recreates the hand-eye coordination and three-dimensional vision that is lost in standard laparoscopic procedures. METHODS: We report the first 12 successful cases of robotic-assisted laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy performed using the da Vinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Mountain View, CA). RESULTS: Our initial experience has shown that the system allows the performance of donor nephrectomy in a safe and accurate fashion. CONCLUSIONS: As technology continues to evolve, robotic-assisted surgery has the potential to become a widely used attractive alternative to standard laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

US experience with the LAP-BAND system.

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding is the most commonly performed operation for morbid obesity in Europe and Australia and has been shown to result in significant long-term weight loss. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-monitored clinical trial results with the LAP-BAND system (INAMED Health, Santa Barbara, CA) did not reproduce the results of studies performed elsewhere in the world. This article reviews data from the first and second FDA clinical trials as well as data from continuing US clinical experience. Four American surgeons at 4 centers have performed more than 500 LAP-BAND procedures not included in the first 2 FDA clinical trials. Of these patients, 115 have been followed for at least 9 months, and 43 have been followed for at least 12 months. A retrospective analysis of prospective data gathered from these patients is presented. The percent excess weight loss was 35.6% at 9 months and 41.6% at 12 months. The average body mass index decreased from 47.5 to 38.8 in 9 months and from 47.5 to 37.3 in 12 months. There were no deaths related to the insertion of the device. Of 15 complications requiring operative management (13%) in 12 patients, there were 8 port displacements or tubing breaks (7%), 2 elective explantations (2%), 2 cases of gastric prolapse (2%), 1 gastric pouch dilatation (<1%), 1 port abscess (<1%), and 1 hemorrhage (<1%). Clinical experience with the LAP-BAND system in the United States shows the device to be a safe and effective treatment for morbid obesity, with results comparable to the international data. The combination of proper surgical technique and close patient follow-up with frequent band adjustments, performed in a comprehensive bariatric program setting, may make the LAP-BAND system a powerful surgical tool in the treatment of morbid obesity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Floppy Dor fundoplication after esophagocardiomyotomy for achalasia.

BACKGROUND: When esophagocardiomyotomy (ECM) is performed for achalasia, a complementary antireflux procedure of the surgeon's choice is usually performed to minimize postoperative gastroesophageal reflux. This retrospective analysis describes patients after laparoscopic ECM, most of whom had a modified Dor fundoplication. METHODS: Between 1994 and 2001, 81 patients with achalasia of the esophagus had laparoscopic ECM. We have previously described the use of intraoperative endoscopy to verify completion of ECM in a cohort of 48 patients who had either Toupet fundoplication (n = 25) or floppy Dor fundoplication (n = 23). Since then floppy Dor fundoplication has been the preferred antireflux procedure for ease of performance and safety reasons. This article describes the floppy Dor fundoplication as we have performed it since 1997, anchoring the wrap to both crura of the hiatus. In addition, the anterior gastric wall is sutured to the anterior rim of the esophageal hiatus, avoiding creation of the paraesophageal hernia that occurs if the gastric wall abuts the entire the length of a long ECM. RESULTS: During the 1- to 70-month follow up period (mean 45 months), patients who were symptomatic were evaluated by radiographic, manometric, or endoscopic methods; pH studies were not done systematically. The 70% of patients who could be evaluated had postoperative quality of life and symptom assessment interviews that revealed willingness to repeat the operation. Overall satisfaction was high (8.4/10 where 10 is perfect); moderate dysphagia was seen in 11 (16%) 3 to 16 months postoperatively, but patients reverted to a satisfaction score of 8.2 after endoscopic dilation. Occasional heartburn was present in 15 (26%) patients with regular, 5-use proton pump inhibitors (PPI), including 1 with Barrett's esophagus. Others use these medications for gastric disorders. No patient has had cancer of the esophagus develop, but endoscopic surveillance has been inconstant. CONCLUSIONS: Swallowing was improved in patients without sigmoid esophagus and overall satisfaction was high. New-onset heartburn is an unpredictable problem that can be treated in most patients. Endoscopic dilatation may be required at intervals after ECM-fundoplication for bridging fibrosis at the cardia, but has not required reoperation, as a rule. Laparoscopic ECM is an attractive operation for achalasia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Early experience with robotically assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.

The da Vinci robotic system became available at our institution in late August 2000. We decided to use this system to perform robotically assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomies. A prospective study was conducted of 10 consecutive patients who underwent robotically assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy between January and May 2001. The mean operative time was 166 minutes. The mean hospital stay was 1.8 days. The need for parenteral pain medication was limited to the first postoperative day. All kidneys were transplanted successfully; no rejections occurred. This early experience suggests that the results of robotically assisted laparoscopic donor nephrectomy are similar to those of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. We believe that robotic surgery, which enables regaining of the hand-eye coordination and three-dimensional view lost in laparoscopic surgery, allows us to perform the donor nephrectomy with greater precision, confidence, and comfort.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Minimally invasive treatment of esophageal cancer: laparoscopic staging to robotic esophagectomy.

Minimally invasive surgical (MIS) procedures have become commonplace in modern surgical practice. The term minimally invasive surgery has been and continues to be interchangeably applied to describe laparoscopic, laparoscopic-assisted, thoracoscopic, and telesurgical (robotic) procedures. Minimally invasive surgical procedures for the treatment of benign and malignant disorders of the esophagus are being developed, refined, and clinically applied in parallel with the exponential availability of novel technologies and instrumentation. Herein, we review the progression from laparoscopic/thoracoscopic esophagectomy to telesurgical esophagectomy, presently termed minimally invasive esophagectomy, and describe the telesurgical procedure as well as early the clinical outcome experience.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗