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Biomedical subjects

S Zwi

Publications and source records attributed to S Zwi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Adult respiratory distress syndrome in Leptospira canicola infection.

A man was admitted to the Johannesburg Hospital with a history of fever, diarrhoea, and dry cough for four days. He began to produce bloodstained sputum and was found to have severe arterial hypoxaemia. Radiography showed widespread opacification over both lung fields, and the clinical and haemodynamic features were consistent with the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Serology for Leptospira canicola was positive. Despite antibiotics, supportive therapy, and ventilation the patient died. Necropsy excluded cardiac disease. This case shows that leptospirosis may cause the adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Experience with acute poisoning in an intensive care unit. A review of 103 cases.

We present our experience with 103 adults with acute poisoning severe enough to warrant admission to the Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) of the Johannesburg Hospital. They comprise only 6,1% of all adult cases of poisoning admitted to the hospital during the same 3-year period. The mortality rate was 5,8%. Active support of vital functions is the focal point of therapy and will ensure a favourable outcome in the majority of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Haemoptysis with no radiological evidence of tumour - the value of early bronchoscopy.

Thirty-two patients who presented with haemoptysis and in whom a chest radiograph showed no suggestion of a tumour are reviewed. Six had bronchogenic carcinoma diagnosed by bronchoscopy and 1 had an adenoid cystic tumour of the trachea. Flexible fibre-optic bronchoscopy is a safe and easy method of excluding a tumour of the tracheobronchial tree as the cause of haemoptysis and should be performed early in patients who present with this symptom, regardless of the findings on chest radiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Chromosomal aberrations in occupation-associated progressive systemic sclerosis.

An occupational association between progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) and workers in the goldmining industry in South Africa was first documented in 1957. We investigated the chromosomes of 18 goldminers suspected to be suffering from PSS. Eight patients were classified as definite cases of PSS, and a highly significant increase in unstable (Cu) cells and random aneuploidy was found in this group compared with control subjects (P < 0,001). Ten patients had some of the features of the disease, and in this group there was a significant increase in the number of Cu cells ( P < 0,05) and a highly significant increase in the number of aneuploid cells (P < 0,001). There was a significant increase in the number of sister chromatid exchanges per cell in the 6 patients screened. These findings are similar to those reported in PSS sufferers who have not had occupational exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Legionnaires' disease in Johannesburg.

Legionnaires' disease (LD) was first identified as an epidemic pneumonia occurring in the USA in 1976. Sporadic cases have since been identified in many countries. This report describes the first 2 cases in South Africa of LD with pneumonia in patients in whom the diagnosis was established by the finding in early acute and follow-up convalescent sera of a greater than fourfold rise in titre with the immunofluorescent antibody test. The microbiological investigations are discussed in some detail and the clinical, radiological and laboratory features of LD are briefly reviewed.

Complement Fixation Tests↗
PubMed1980

Botulism: a case report.

The 4th case of botulism in South Africa is reported. Unusual features are the detection of toxin in the patient's serum 7 weeks after the onset of the illness and the need for 14 weeks' intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Symptomatic treatment and meticulous nursing resulted in complete recovery. The microbiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis and management of botulism are briefly reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Liver damage associated with perhexiline maleate.

Two patients who developed biochemical and histological evidence of hepatitis while taking the anti-anginal drug perhexiline maleate are described. The pathological changes were those of mild to moderate fatty change together with a hepatitis which resembled alcoholic hepatitis, including in one patient the presence of material which by light microscopy was indistinguishable from Mallory's alcoholic hyalin. However, the predominantly periportal location of this material contrasted with the centrilobular distribution of Mallory's hyaline. One patient showed, in addition, severe atypia of the hepatocytes which was still present in less pronounced form 10 weeks after stopping perhexiline. The other patient had advanced hepatic fibrosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Aspergillus pneumonia--a cluster of four cases in an intensive care unit.

Four cases of Aspergillus pneumonia occurred in an intensive care unit within a short period. Clusters of cases of invasive aspergillosis are rare and have usually been attributed to excessive contamination of the environment. Extensive environmental studies were, however, negative. Three of the cases were diagnosed ante mortem. One patient survived after early initiation of treatment with amphotericin B.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Anaemia, iron deficiency and exercise: extended studies in human subjects.

1. Ventilation and cardiac frequency were measured during repeated treadmill exercise in three healthy subjects over 36 weeks, before, during and after iron-deficiency anaemia was produced and after iron treatment. The haemoglobin and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations and the oxygen-binding (P50) were measured. 2. There was an inverse relationship between the haemoglobin concentrations and the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations and the P50 values. 3. The mean cardiac frequencies during the fourth to tenth minutes of exercise showed a negative correlation with the haemoglobin concentrations in all three subjects, and the mean minute ventilations in two of them.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Progressive systemic sclerosis complicated by diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage.

A case is reported of progressive systemic sclerosis with pulmonary fibrosis which was complicated by recurrent haemoptyses due to diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage. We have found no other report of this association. The haemorrhage finally remitted after treatment was started with 40 mg prednisone daily, though previously spontaneous remissions had occurred.

Hemoptysis↗
PubMed1975

Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency--an association with hepatic malignancy.

A 70-year-old man with homozygous alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) (Pi-ZZ phenotype) at tutopsy was found to have a hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic fibrosis, pulmonary emphysema, and cor pulmonale. Characteristic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, with identical histochemical and ultrastructural features, were detected in both normal and malignant liver cells. It is suggested that AATD may precede malignancy, since this is the eleventh case report of this association.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Immunologic studies in patients with recurrent bronchopulmonary infections.

In view of the known association of several different immune deficiency disorders with infections of the respiratory tract, a number of immunologic parameters were investigated in 15 patients with recurrent brochopulmonary infections. The patients' neutrophils all demonstrated normal intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus, and responded normally to chemotactic stimuli. Although assays of complement 3c were normal in all patients' sera, defective total hemolytic complement activity was consistently shown in 1 patinets manifested elevated serum immunoglobulin concentrations. Severe alpha1 -antitrypsin deficiency (Pi ZZ phenotype) was discovered in 1 patient. Three patients displayed cutaneous anergy to a battery of skin-test antigens, but lymphocytes from all patients studied responded normally to in vitro phytohemagglutinin stimulation. A "blocking" factor found in the serum of 3 patients suppressed the in bitro transformation of normal Candida-responsive lymphocytes by Candida albicans antigen. "Cold" lymphocytotoxins were detected in the sera of 10 patients, but in only 3 of 19 control sera. Although the significance of these findings is unknown, they may possibly have pathogenetic relevance in a small number of the patients studied.

Adolescent↗