Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Zonis.
The medial rectus, external rectus and inferior oblique muscles were examined by electron microscopy in Möbius syndrome. The electron microscopic findings of the medial rectus and inferior oblique were of degenerative and inflammatory nature, whereas the lateral rectus showed complete fibrosis. The fibrotic lateral rectus could explain the absence of abduction in Möbius syndrome.
An infant with congenital agranulocytosis (Kostmann's syndrome) presenting with necrosis of the eyelids and lacrimal apparatus is reported. Although the disease is rare, its presence should be considered in infants with severe localized pyogenic infections.
The permeability of newly formed blood vessels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy at different stages of development was correlated with their ultrastructural features. The young proliferating vessels were much more permeable to fluorescein than were the older vessels. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the blood vessels within the young intravitreal proliferating fronds had intermediate interendothelial junctions, whereas the blood vessels within the old neovascular preretinal membranes had tight interendothelial junctions of the macula occludens type. Fenestrations were observed only rarely in the endothelial wall of either the young or the older proliferating vessels. We conclude that the principal route of fluorescein leakage from the newly formed blood vessels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy is via the interendothelial clefts.
There was marginal melting of the cornea in a patient with inactive rheumatoid arthritis. Conjunctival biopsy revealed vasculitis which disappeared after treatment with topical steroids and systemic steroids and azathioprine. Conjunctival biopsy can serve as a diagnostic tool and for evaluation of treatment in marginal ulceration of cornea associated with rheumatoid disease.
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The capillaries of overacting inferior oblique muscles from children with strabismus and of dog inferior oblique muscles were ultrastructurally described. Biopsy material was used in all instances. The mean diameter of the capillary lumen was 2.03 microns for the human inferior oblique and 2.76 microns for the dog inferior oblique. Quantitative estimates of capillary basement membrane width were obtained by two different methods of measurement. The capillaries of human and dog inferior oblique muscles were compared with capillaries of human gastrocnemius muscle and of dog quadriceps muscle. The data were statistically evaluated. It was found that the mean basement membrane width of capillaries of overacting inferior oblique muscles is quite similar to that of the dog normal inferior oblique muscles, showing 2,049 A in overacting muscles and 1,976 A in normal muscles. With both methods of measurement, the mean basement membrane width of inferior oblique muscles appeared thicker than the mean basement membrane of capillaries of the leg muscles in man and in dog as well. It is suggested that the thickening of the capillary basement membrane of inferior oblique muscles represents a regional characteristic. Marked variation in the thickness of the basement membrane was encountered in all muscles.
The use of laser photocoagulation in the management of perforating scleral wounds with intraocular foreign body, is described along with the benefit of such treatment.
In seven patients with orbital lesions, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was performed. No complications were seen in performing this procedure. FNA proved to be an important adjuvant method in the diagnosis of orbital lesions, especially in their pre-operative cytologic definition.
A one year old female infant with mental and motor retardation and bilateral optic atrophy in association with pericentric inversion of chromosome No. 2 is described.
An ultrastructural study of asteroid bodies in a vitreous aspirate from a patient suffering visual loss as a result of asteroid hyalosis is presented. Under appropriate conditions of fixation and high resolution transmission electron microscopy, a lamellar arrangement with a periodicity of 4.6 nm was observed. This lamellar arrangement is typical of liquid crystalline phases of lipids in water. X-ray micro-analysis confirmed the presence of calcium and phosphorus in the asteroid bodies. We propose that the asteroid bodies are not true crystals but rather liquid crystals of phospholipids in the vitreous humor.
Twenty-six patients with acute anterior uveitis associated with HLA-B27 antigen were compared with 31 patients with acute anterior uveitis HLA-B27 negative. No statistical difference was found in the clinical picture of both groups except for the occurrence of unilateral or bilateral involvement. Almost all patients with bilateral eye involvement were HLA-B27 negative and had no evidence of systemic disease, while unilateral involvement occurred in both groups of HLA-B27 positive and negative patients.
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Fifty-three patients with sicca syndrome and 34 healthy controls had their tear lysozyme concentration examined. Lysozyme level was significantly decreased (P less than .0005) in all patients with low Schirmer test values as compared with healthy controls. Even in rheumatoid arthritis patients with normal Schirmer test results a low concentration of tear lysozyme was found. Tear lysozyme can be used to detect subclinical involvement of lacrimal glands in collagen diseases.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
A 56-year-old patient with histopathologically established myotonic dystrophy is described. Gross pathological examination of the eyes revealed cataracts and peripheral retinal dystrophy as described previously. Lacy vacuolization of the pigment epithelium of the iris and vacuolization of the nonpigmentary ciliary epithelium were also found. These latter findings have, to our knowledge, not been hereto described in the literature.
The association between Sjögren's syndrome and the HL-A system is still a matter of controversy, because there are conflicting data as to whether this syndrome is linked with HL-A B8 and Dw3. In an attempt to study this possible linkage, a survey of HL-A antigens among a homogenous group of East European (Ashkenazi) Jews was undertaken. The tissue typing of 30 patients with sicca syndrome (SS), 18 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome (RASS), and 80 healthy controls of the same ethnic group was analyzed. Neither sicca syndrome nor rheumatoid arthritis with Sjögren's syndrome was associated with HL-A B8 or any other antigen. The difference between our results and previous studies is discussed.