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Biomedical subjects

S Zhou

Publications and source records attributed to S Zhou.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Effects of zinc gluconate on nephrotoxicity and glutathione metabolism disorder induced by cis-platin in mice.

To examine the effects of zinc gluconate (ZG) on the nephrotoxicity of cis-platin (CDDP), changes in renal function and glutathione metabolism were investigated in mice. Fifty mice were randomly divided into five equal groups: controls, CDDP group and three ZG plus CDDP groups; the dose of ZG was 100 mg, 140 mg and 180 mg/kg respectively. Mice were sacrificed after 48 hours of CDDP (9 mg/kg) treatment; the levels of serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured, the glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GHS-PX) and catalase (CAT) in whole blood and renal tissue were assayed. Compared to the control group, there were significant increases in Cr, BUN and MDA, and decreases in the activities of GSH-PX in the CDDP group in whole blood and renal tissue. Preadministration of ZG at the doses of 140 mg/kg and 180 mg/kg significantly increased the concentration of GSH in whole blood, and decreased the levels of Cr and BUN, and the MDA content in whole blood and renal tissue, compared with the CDDP group. We conclude that preadministration of ZG might improve renal function and glutathione metabolism and reduce the nephrotoxicity of cis-platin.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[The changes of plasma endothelin concentration and its clinical significance in pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart defects].

Plasma endothelin (ET) concentration was measured by means of radioimmunoassay in 38 patients with congeital heart defects among whom 15 patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and 23 patients without pulmonary hypertension (non-PH). Blood samples were obtained separately from the femoral vein, right atrium, right ventricle, main pulmonary artery and the femoral artery during catherization. Plasma ET concentration in the PH group was significantly higher than that in the non-PH group at all four sampling sites. In the PH group plasma ET concentration in the pulmonary artery showed higher than that of the right ventricle and the femoral artery, which was significantly in positive correlation with pulmonary artery pressure. It is considered that the elevation of ET plays an important physiological role in the formation of pulmonary hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[A study on the corrosion of desalinated drinking water from electrodialysis process and its control].

The stability index IR of desalinated drinking water from electrodialysis process was more than 9.0. Its corrosion rate P reached 0.59 mm/a. This is the main cause of "Red Water" and severe corrosion in network of pipes of water supply in an oil field. A large number of iron bacteria and sulfur bacteria in water are the biological causes of tubercles and block up. But the P becomes less than 0.05 mm/a, when the water is remineralized. It is an effective measurement to control the pipe corrosion and to provide good quality drinking water.

Corrosion↗
PubMed1997

[The diagnosis and surgical treatment in rectal endometriosis].

From Jun 1975 to Mar 1995, 26 cases of endometriosis in the rectum (RE) were admitted. Local resection was performed in 16 and Dixon's operation in 10. The result showed 21 cases were symptomatically cured and 5 with remission. 2 cases were reoperated because of recurrence in 5 years after the first operation and cured. RE is difficult in distiguishing from rectal cancer. It is characterized by tenesmus, bursting pain, hematochezia in young and middle aged women during periods. The diagnosis can be made by tipycal history and vaginal examination, rectal examination, barium enema, proctoscopy and so on. The indications of operation include severe clinic symptoms and failed conservative therapy. Wedge resection was suitable in cases with small lession in rectum, while large, deep seated lessions in lower rectum were treated with Dixon's operation in order to prevent recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[An experimental study of stretching capacity of lens anterior capsule].

OBJECTIVE: To study the stretching capacity of the lens anterior capsule. METHODS: After continuous circular capsulorhexis (CCC) was performed on 22 bull eyes, the capsular elasticity was measured by gradually opening a modified caliper until the capsular opening was torn. The ratio between the circumference of the opening at rupture and that of the original intact one was used as an index of capsular elasticity. RESULT: The circumference of the intact CCC could be enlarged to an additional 61% before a radial tear occurred. The area of the extended CCC was significantly larger than that of the original CCC and than the cross-section of a lens nucleus tilted 30 degrees. CONCLUSION: The anterior capsule was found to have remarkable stretching capacity, and a suitable size of CCC allows a safe removal of lens substance and intraocular lens implantation without radial tears.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Research of daunomycin as an agent for preventing posterior capsule opacification].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory activity and the effective concentration of daunomycin against the proliferation of lens epithelial cells in vitro, and make progress in pharmacological prevention of posterior capsule opacification. METHODS: Cultured bovine, rabbit and human lens epithelial cells were exposed to 0.5, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 micrograms/ml daunomycin solution for ten minutes. Growth of cells was observed, after 48 hours of exposure, absorbency of the cells was tested by using Giemsa staining and colorimetry, and the median lethal dose (LD50) was calculated respectively. RESULTS: Daunomycin significantly suppressed the proliferation of bovine, rabbit and human lens epithelial cells in vitro, showing dose-dependent manner. Daunomycin can effectively inhibit the proliferation of human lens epithelial cells at the concentration of 0.5 microgram/ml, almost reaching the greatest effect at the concentration of 7.5 micrograms/ml. The calculated LD50 for bovine, rabbit and human lens epithelial cells was 0.49, 4.30 and 4.06 micrograms/ml respectively. CONCLUSION: Short time exposure of daunomycin at low concentration can effectively inhibit the proliferation of lens epithelial cells in vitro, after further research in vivo, daunomycin may possibly become a valuable agent for the prevention of posterior capsule opacification.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Kidney lesions complicated by hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy of neonatal pig].

To study the kidney lesions complicated by hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in newborn, we successfully established a neonatal pig model of HIE. Changes in brain tissue similar to those of newborn in HIE were detected after 2 hours of hypoxia and ischemia. Meanwhile, swelling of kidneys, hemorrhage below encapsules, swellin of tubular epithelial cells, necrosing and falling of a few tubular epithelial cells, and narrowing of tubular lumens were observed. The basement membranes of renal tubules remained normal serum BUN and creatinine increased significantly after experiment compared with before (P < 0.025 and P < 0.05 respectively). The results showed that the kidney of neonatal pig was damaged in HIE. But the injury was not severe. After 72 hours free from hypoxia, the structure and function recovered approximately from the injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Antiepileptic effects of nimodipine on penicillin-induced seizures in rats].

Injecting penicillin (PNC) intraperitoneally in Wistar rats, we observed their epileptic behaviour and electroencephalographys. The results showed that nimodipine (NIM), a calcium antagonist, could inhibit the seizures and epileptic discharges significantly. No epileptic action was noted while NIM was injected before PNC. It supports our consideration of NIM as a new sort of nonsedative anticonvulsant in clinical practice.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[The anti-inflammatory effects of superoxide dismutase].

This paper reports the anti-inflammatory effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD) from pig blood on inflammatory animal models. The experimental results have shown that SOD has significant anti-inflammatory effects. It inhibited carrageenin-induced foot-edema and croton oil induced granulation tissue edema of rats. It also inhibited arthritis induced by egg serum and Freund's adjuvant in rats. The effects were significantly dose-dependent.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Mechanism of protective action of Phyllanthus urinaria L. against injuries of liver cells].

It has been found out that the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced increase of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT) and elevation of MDA in liver of mice are significantly lowered by Phyllanthus urinaria in vivo, and the coincubation of isolated rat hepatocytes with Phyllanthus urinaria in vitro significantly inhibits CCl4-induced decrease of mobility of membrane of liver cells and increase of intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) concentrations of liver cells. These results suggest that the anti-lipid peroxidation effect and protective action of membrane of Phyllanthus urinaria may be related to its protective action against CCl4-induced liver injuries.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1997

[Development of quality of life questionnaire for Chinese cancer patients receiving chemobiotherapy].

OBJECTIVE: To develop the quality of life questionnaire for Chinese cancer patients receiving chemobiotherapy (QLQ-CCC), and to study the methodology involved in the construction of scales measuring quality of life of cancer patients. METHODS: From April, 1993 to April, 1995, QLQ-CCC had been developed mainly according to the Rolls-Royce model: 30 items were iuitially identified and tested in advance, from which the "best" items were selected to from the final format of QLQ-CCC (the fourth-generation questionnaire) including 35 questions. RESULTS: QLQ-CCC had 35 items mainly concerning the five different aspects of cancer patients. Physical aspect included 16 items, of which 9 were disease/treatment-related (specific items), and 7 non-specific items. Psychological/spiritual, social and general health aspects had 5, 5 and 9 items, respectively. CONCLUSION: Quality of life (QOL) research in cancer patients is conducted primarily through the development, implementation and assessment of QOL scales. QOL scales adopted in the developed countries, owing to difference in sociocultural background, have to be modified according to China's concrete condition. This study is an attempt to set up our own QOL scales for cancer patients.

China↗
PubMed1997

[A longitudinal study of alveolar bone repair following non-surgical treatment in periodontitis].

The purpose of this study was to monitor post-treatment alveolar bone repair using digital subtraction radiography (DSR). 104 interproximal bone crestal sites were selected from 52 premolars in 9 periodontitis patients (6 male, 3 female, aged 29-63 years). Acrylic stents were used to ensure serial radiographs which were taken at initial visit, 2 weeks, and 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12 month(s) after scaling and root planning. Results showed: in some of the observed sites, small amount of bone increase was detected as early as two weeks after the non-surgical therapy. Statistically significant bone gain (P < 0.001) occurred at second month and peaked at 12 months after instrumentation. The increment of bone gain displayed an exponential curve. Three different patterns of alveolar bone reaction to treatment appeared among different patients. This study demonstrates that DSR is a sensitive and quantitative method in the monitor of bone fill after periodontal treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[An experimental study of injury characteristics in maxillofacial region following different kinds of high velocity projectiles wound].

Model 7.62 mm, model 5.56 mm bullets and 1.03 g steel sphere, 1.0 g fragment with impacting velocities 1300-1400 m/s were used to shot soap target, mandibular area of pigs in vitro and dogs in vivo. The shape and size of cavitations and wounds were observed and the specimens of wounded muscles were collected for light and electron microscopic observation. The authors found that different kinds of cavitations formed in different kinds of projectiles wound, which produced different injured characteristics in maxillofacial firearms wound. The characteristics of maxillofacial wound ballistics and difference of maxillofacial wounds in different kinds of high velocity projectiles wound were also discussed in the article.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Pharmacological actions of different species form genus Pyrola].

This paper reporst the pharmacological actions and toxicities of the water extracts from Pyrola calliantha, Pyrola decorta and P. forrestiana. The results show that the actions of P. forrestiana on antiventricular fibrillation, strengthening cardiac musicular contraction and antihypoxia abitity are more stronger, but on antiinflammation and antipyretic, effects of P. decorta and P. calliantha are significantly better than that of P. forrestiana. The effects of the three species on immunization and antisepsis are similar.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Antianoxic effects of Dracocephalum tanguticum on brain of mice].

The aqueous extracts i.p. of Dracocephalum tanguticum Maxim (DtM), a Tibetan medicine, prolong sighificantly decapitaion-induced gasping duration in mice and the survival time of mice ligated bilateral carotid (P > 0.01). DtM prolong also the primal gasping in mice after injecting the air into the coccygeal vein (P > 0.01) and the survival time in mice poisoned by Lidocaine (P > 0.05). In addition, DtM is possessed of protecting against the pathologic lession of brain in rats under stimulating high altitude hypoxic condition. The results suggest that DtM has a antianoxic effects on mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

The location of binding sites of pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus autoantibodies: a post-embedding immunoelectron microscopic study.

Pemphigus is a life-threatening autoimmune blistering disease of skin and mucous membranes that has two major subtypes based on clinical and histological features, pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF). Autoantibodies against the PV antigen (desmoglein 3) and the PF antigen (desmoglein 1) are involved in the pathogenesis of blister formation. In the present study, the location of epitopes recognized by autoantibodies of patients with PV and PF was studied by postembedding immunogold electron microscopy. PV and PF autoantibodies were observed bound predominantly to the intercellular domains of desmosomes, but not to the non-desmosomal keratinocyte cell surface. The relationship between the location of PF antigen and other constitutive desmosomal proteins, desmocollin, desmoplakin and plakoglobin, in normal human skin was investigated using a double immunogold labelling technique. It was observed that PF antigen and desmocollin co-localize within the intercellular domain of the desmosomes. In contrast, the antibodies against desmoplakin and plakoglobin bound predominantly to the intracellular desmosomal attachment plaque with the binding site of the antibody against plakoglobin closer to the desmosomal cell membrane than that of the antibody to desmoplakin. We show that the LR White postembedded immunogold electronmicroscopy technique is convenient and easily applied to studies of autoimmune bullous skin diseases. We have used it to demonstrate the precise localization of the binding sites of PV and PF autoantibodies and their relationship with other constitutive desmosomal proteins.

Antigens↗
PubMed1997

Correlations between short-course triathlon performance and physiological variables determined in laboratory cycle and treadmill tests.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between physiological variables measured in graded cycling (CM) and treadmill running (RM) maximal tests and the performance of a short-course triathlon (1 km swim, 30 km cycling and 8 km running) in recreational triathletes. Ten male athletes with mean (+/-SD) age of 27.4(+/-5.7) years and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2peak) of 63.3(+/-8.95) mL.kg-1.min-1 participated in the study. The results showed that the VO2peak and VO2 at ventilatory threshold (VO2VT) determined in CM were significantly correlated to the overall and running times of the triathlon (r = -0.64 - 0.77, p < or = 0.05). The VO2peak and VO2VT determined in RM were also correlated to the running time when expressed as mL.kg-1.min-1 (r = -0.73, p < or = 0.05). The VT expressed as %VO2peak in both tests showed no significant correlations to triathlon performance. It appears that it is the absolute aerobic capacity of these athletes being critical to maintain a high exercise intensity in the triathlon, especially during the running segment. The mean heart rate (HR) measured in four subjects during the cycling and running segments of the triathlon was similar to the HR at VT determined in CM, which indicated that these athletes could maintain an exercise intensity close to the VT level during the competition. There was no significant correlation found between the swimming time and physiological variables measured in the laboratory cycling and running tests, which could be explained by the specific skills and economy of movement required in these exercises.

Adult↗