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Biomedical subjects

S Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to S Zhang.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Study on family aggregation of cases of advanced schistosomiasis japonica].

AIM: To explore the family aggregation of advanced schistosomiasis japonica. METHODS: Eighty-one cases of advanced schistosomiasis(AS) and 67 cases of non-advanced schistosomiasis with history of infections in Yushan County, Jiangxi Province were chosen as proband groups and control groups respectively, then grades 1 and 2 relatives of them were investigated on AS. Family aggregation of AS was analyzed through comparing the prevalence rate between the close and distant relatives of probands and controls and fitting the observed distribution of AS cases among the population by zero-truncated Poisson distribution and zero-truncated negative binomial distribution. RESULTS: The prevalence rate was higher in the close relatives (Group I relatives) of the probands than in the distant relatives(Group II relatives) of the probands and in the controls' relatives. The observed distribution of AS was beyond the probability of the zero-truncated Poisson distribution, but consistent with the zero-truncated negative binomial distribution. CONCLUSION: Family aggregation of advanced schistosomiasis does exist.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Pilot study of schistosomiasis control in Poyang lake region.

AIM: To perform a longitudinal survey of the control of schistosomiasis in Fanhu Village hyperendemic for schistosomiasis, Poyang Lake region of Jiangxi Province from 1992 to 1996. METHODS: Annual mass chemotherapy and health education were implemented in all investigated individuals, in 1996, artesunate was used in high risk population in transmission season as a prophylactic measure. RESULTS: The prevalence of S. japonicum infection reduced from 26.0% in 1992 to 10.7% in 1994, the intensity of infection (geometric mean of EPG of feces) in residents decreased from 1.92 in 1992 to 0.55 in 1994, and the morbidity indicators such as hepatomegaly and splenomegaly in the cases also have been improved significantly after chemotherapy. In 1995, both the infection rate and intensity of infection of schistosomiasis were recurred from 10.7% and 0.55 in 1994 to 18.4% and 1.04 respectively due to the floods. In 1996, the infection rate reduced to 5.0% and the intensity of infection also decreased to 0.25 due to the additional measure. CONCLUSION: A mass chemotherapy in conjunction with health education and oral artesunate for preventing reinfection in transmission season is effective for the control of schistosomiasis in lake regions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Experimental and clinic study of the maxillary sinus plasty following Caldwell-Luc].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effect of surgical procedures on patients with chronic maxillary sinus disease. METHOD: On the basis of experimental study with animal, this prospective study included 63 patients with chronic maxillary sinus disease who had a maxillary sinus plasty following Caldwell-Luc. The operation procedures included anterior wall ring-drilling, and middle meatal antrostomy as well as sinus wall plasty. RESULT: Experimental results showed that the repair and regeneration of maxillary sinus mucosa was intact in dogs after 5 weeks of radical operation. Clinical study indicated that the condition of anterior wall with a resutured bone-lid was normalized radiographically during the follow up time of 1-3 months. The patency rate of the middle meateal antrostomy 18-42 months post-operatively (average 28 months) is 96%. CONCLUSION: We conclude from the study that the maxillary sinus plasty recovers anatomic construction, maintains physiological drainage way and provides a good environment for repair and regeneration of the sinus mucosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Subtractive cDNA cloning and analysis of murine erythroid terminal differentiation related factor].

OBJECTIVE: Cloning and identification of cDNA related to erythroid terminal differentiation factor (MEDRF). METHODS: cDNA related to erythroid terminal differentiation from the Friend virus anemia (FVA) infected splenic erythroblasts of BALB/c mice were performed by using subtractive hybridization combined with PCR technique. The splenic proerythroblasts isolated were cultured in the presence of erythropoietin for 36 hrs. Subtractive cDNA clones of differentially expressed in the 36 hrs erythroblasts (sub cDNA-36) but absent in the uncultured proerythroblasts were observed. The sub cDNA-36 was then used for construction of subtractive cDNA library using the Bluescript-SK(+) phage vector system, and differentially screened by 32P-labelled PCR generated probes. The positive clones were analyzed by nucleotide sequencing. RESULTS: The results indicated that a 472 bp cDNA fragment which contained a 309 bp reading frame from 51 to 359 coding 102 amino acids was identified and it has been accepted by GenBank as a new cDNA sequence that without comparable homology of existing sequences (accession number: AA114369). Northern blot analysis demonstrated that it was differentially expressed in the 36 hrs cultured intermediate-late stages of erythroblasts. CONCLUSIONS: The newly found cDNA, which expresses specifically in intermediate-late stages of erythroblasts, not in stages of proerythroblasts, may be a new gene related to murine erythroid terminal differentiation.

Activins↗
PubMed1999

[Studies on polysaccharides from Holothuria leucospilota].

A powder was obtained from the dried body of Holothuria leucosilota (Brandt). According to IR and UV spectra, paper chromatography and the physical and chemical data, it is showed a sulfated mucopoly-saccharide consisted of galactosamine, glucouronic acid, fucose and sulfate with the molar ratio of 1:0.96:0.78:1.98 respectively. The specific rotation, intrinsic viscoslty and molecular weight of this polysaccharide were all presented.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Effects of pure and crude Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on immunopharmacology].

Effects of pure Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP-X) on immunological activity were compared with crude LBP. The pure LBP-X were divided into different doses, lower doses (5-20 mg/kg.d) of pure LBP-X showed a remarkable effect on immunological enhancement. Especially, LBP-X 10 mg/kg.d had a highly significance difference compared with crude LBP on immune indices in mice. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides have the best pharmacological effect when it was the best dose.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of Callicarpa herbs on antioxidation in vitro].

The concentration of half inhibition (IC50) of Callicarpa herbs, including Callicarpa kochiana(Ck), C. bodinieri (Cb) and its fruit (Cbf), C. japonica, C. macrophrlla, C. cathaarana, C. giraldi(Cg) on lipid peroxidation (LPO) of tissus homogenate incubated in 37 +/- 0.5 degrees C were tested. The result showed that all but Cg could inhibit lipid peroxidation. The IC50 of Cbf was minimum. IC50 of Cb, Cbf and Ck inhibiting red blood cell (RBC) LPO and hemolysis caused by hydroxyl free radical (.OH), inhibiting brain homogenate LPO induced by .OH and inhibiting or clean .OH formation by system of H2O2 and FeSO4 were also tested. It was found the IC50 were Cbf > Cb > Ck. These results suggested that the most strong inhibitor to automatic LPO reaction was Cbf, but to LPO caused by .OH was Ck.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1999

[Intracellular calcium mobilization and effects of ATP on ampullate crista hair cells of the guinea pig].

OBJECTIVE: To further understand the intracellular calcium mobilization features of the isolated ampullate crista vestibular hair cells(VHCs) and ATP effects on intracellular free calcium concentration([Ca2+]i) in VHCs of the guinea pig. METHODS: Vestibular hair cells were isolated from the guinea pig crista ampullaris by enzymatic and mechanical methods. The influence of high K+ solution and ATP on [Ca2+]i was investigated. The [Ca2+]i of VHC was examined using laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM) and the Ca2+ sensitive dye Fluo-3. RESULTS: (1) 75 mmol/L K+ Hank's solution resulted in an increase of [Ca2+]i in both the cytoplasm and the cuticular plate of 5 type I VHCs. In the Ca(2+)-free medium, however, 75 mmol/L K+ solution could not induce [Ca2+]i an increase in observed 5 type I VHCs. (2) In the presence of 1.0 mmol/L or 0.1 mmol/L of ATP, there was a rapid reversible rise of the [Ca2+]i in 18/19 type I VHCs. A small response of ATP-induced [Ca2+]i was found only in 1/10 of type I VHC in Ca(2+)-free medium. There was no significant increase in [Ca2+]i when the same volume of Hank's solution was applied to the chamber containing VHCs. CONCLUSIONS: The result suggests that high K+ solution led to Ca2+ influx via voltage-dependent calcium channels. Extracellular Ca2+ influx is a major source of the ATP-induced [Ca2+]i increase.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1999

[Changes of Ca(2+)-ATPase in the cochlea of guinea pig during labyrinthine hydrop].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the localization of Ca(2+)-ATPase (Ca2+ pump) in the cochlea and its change in labyrinthine hydrops. METHODS: The left endolymphatic sac was ablated to induce endolymphatic hydrops in fourteen healthy guinea pigs after the sliver ball electrode was placed on the round window. The Ca(2+)-ATPase was studied by the lead citrate reaction in the control and hydropic ears. The reaction product was lead phosphate particles as an expression of Ca(2+)-ATPase activity under the electron-microscope. RESULTS: The Ca(2+)-ATPase activity was found mainly on the endolymphatic surface of the Reissner's membrane, the stereocilia and cuticular plate of inner and outer hair cells, as well as along the infolding plasma membrane of the strial intermediate cells. The Ca(2+)-ATPase activity was significantly decreased during endolymphatic hydrops in the above-mentioned locations. CONCLUSION: The response thresholds of filtered click were increased and the Ca(2+)-ATPase significantly decreased in the cochlea during labyrinthine hydrops. These results suggest that correlation exists between the CAP threshold and the activity of Ca(2+)-ATPase in the model of labyrinthine hydrops.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Coral as a carrier for recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2.

By combining coral with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2), rhBMP-2/coral composite was obtained in this study. Following implantation of the composite into the muscle pouches of mice, cartilage growth was induced in the pores or on the surface of the implants at one week, woven bone at three week and lamellar bone with bone marrow at six week, and coral was absorbed partially. The induced formation of endochondral bone was time-related and rhBMP-2 dose-related. The results of this study indicate that the composite possesses a superior ability of osteogenesis, and coral acts as one of the most suitable rhBMP-2 slowrelease carriers currently available. The composite will be a new type of bone substitute to be used in orthopaedics and maxillofacial surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Investigation of the reaction of iso-propylamine on propylene oxide by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy].

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method has been developed for in-situ monitoring the reaction of iso-propylamine on propylene oxide without the need to sample the reaction medium. The profile of the reaction and the influences of conditions can be directly reflected in the feature absorbance changes of the reactant and product at 826 cm(-1) and 1069 cm(-1), respectively. It is shown that the in situ infrared spectroscopy is a powerful technique to investigate the mechanism and kinetics of the reaction and to optimize the control conditions.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1999

[Development and evaluation of a system for pulse generation and signal processing control in a plasma atomic fluorescence spectrometer with hollow cathode lamp as excitation source].

A Z80 processor was replaced with a 386 microcomputer to control pulse generation for hollow cathode lamp and fluorescence signal processing in a Baird Plasma AFS-2000 atomic fluorescence spectrometer. An interface board was designed for control purpose. The system was evaluated with detection limits, relative standard deviations and linear regression coefficients of 15 elements, which were in good agreement with the corresponding values in the manufacturer's manual. With the higher-level microprocessor in the system, the performance of the instrument was improved.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1999

[A comparison of Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd and Pb concentration in serum determined by ICP-AES using different sample preparation procedures].

Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd and Pb concentrations in serum of 21 arteriosclerosis (AS) and 18 healthy control (CK) were determined by ICP-AES, and sample solution was prepared using acid digestion (Dig.) and acid dilution (Dil.) procedure. Serum total Fe, Zn and Cr were significantly higher using Dig. than that using Dil. Serum Cu and Pb were of no significant differences using the both procedures. Serum Cd was significantly lower using Dig. than that using Dil. The results of Fe, Cu, Zn and Cr were positively correlated between Dig. and Dil., but those of Pb and Cd were of no significant correlation. Six elements concentrations in serum determined were significantly different between AS and CK using Dig. The digestion procedure was recommended for serum trace elements analysis using ICP-AES.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1999

[Study on the determination of iodine by ICP-AES].

A method for the determination of iodine in iodo-calcium pieces by ICP-AES was studied. I- was turned to I2 by HClO4 and H2O2. The detection limit of iodine is 1 ng/mL. The sample was dissolved with water and was directly determined without seperating the precipitate in the bottom of volume flask. It was found that the precipitate attracted with I2 and the quantity of attracting would increase with delay time.

Dietary Supplements↗
PubMed1999

[Monitoring and elimination of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide by passive sampling method].

The concentration of atmospheric pollutants, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, were monitored by passive sampler with spectrophotometric determination method. The results were compared with active sampling method. It was found that the two methods got the same results. The adsorption of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide by sorbent-saturated filter paper was also studied.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1999

[Monitoring glucoamylase fermentation with infrared spectroscopy].

The glucoamylase fermentation was investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. During the cultivation, the variation of carbon and nitrogen source can be reflected from the infrared spectra. In most cases, the complex media are used to cultivate cells or bacteria. It is difficult to construct calibration samples with synthetic mixtures which can represent the composition of real broth. The infrared spectral data of the real broth and off-line chemical analysis results were used to establish the calibration model. The model is successfully used to predict the concentrations of total sugar, reduced sugar, and nitrogen in real broth. The correlation coefficients between the infrared analysis results and chemical analysis are 0.999, 0.990 and 0.974 for total sugar, reduced sugar and nitrogen, respectively. The bacteria, culture and operating condition are relatively stable during the practical productive processes. The method can be used to monitor the industrial processes.

Aspergillus niger↗