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Biomedical subjects

S Zaleski

Publications and source records attributed to S Zaleski.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Fate of air emboli in the pulmonary circulation.

The lung serves an important nonrespiratory function by trapping and excreting venous air emboli. The site of trapping and the mechanism of excretion, however, are uncertain. To observe the behavior of bubbles in the pulmonary circulation, we injected venous air emboli into anesthetized dogs and videotaped their elimination from the pulmonary microcirculation by using in vivo microscopy. Small intravenous bubbles lodged exclusively in pulmonary arterioles and were eliminated from that site. To determine whether the gas was dissolving into nearby blood and then was carried to the capillaries for excretion, the rate of bubble radius change was measured during nonperfused conditions produced by balloon occlusion of lobar blood flow and compared with perfused conditions. Bubble volume decreased at the same rate during perfused and nonperfused conditions and thus was independent of regional blood flow. Molecular diffusion of gas directly across the arteriolar wall into alveolar spaces was the most likely mechanism of elimination because calculations based on the Fick equation for molecular diffusion predict an elimination rate nearly identical with those observed experimentally.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Sensitivity of marine bacteria to several disinfectants used in the fish processing industry. I. Homologous and heterologous resistance of Pseudomonas and Moraxella ssp].

It was shown that ability of developing resistance to QAC by Moraxella ssp. is limited, while marine strains of Pseudomonas sp. are able to develop both homological and heterological resistance to Sterinol and Laurosept. Five months storage in medium without QAC caused partial loss of resistance of strains which previously gained resistance to this compound. None of the tested marine bacteria strains was able to get resistance against Chloramina T. Strains with developed resistance to Laurosept and Sterinol became more sensitive to Chloramina T. On the other hand, as a result of contact of the same bacteria with sublethal doses of Chloramina T increase of sensitivity to QAC was observed.

Benzalkonium Compounds↗
PubMed1975

[Surveys on the occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus on fish caught in the Southern Central Baltic Sea in comparison with other European results (author's transl)].

Presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in European marine environments, including Western Baltic Sea, was ascertained by several scientists. -Our surveys had in view to find out whether fish of the Southern Central Baltic Sea area was contaminated with this microorganism. -In the periods of June - September 1973 and June 1974, 541 fish of 7 species had been tested. Two different technics of isolation were applied. From among 820 colonies picked up for further identification none happened to be Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DEALE-ing and discounting: a simple way to compute the accrued costs of preventive strategies.

Researchers agree on the importance of discounting costs and of including mortality rates in the cost computations. The authors present a simplified mathematical model that allows both DEALE-ing and discounting and permits easy computations of accrued and incremental costs. The general formula of the accrued discounted cost of treating over time of life expectancy is: C = Co/mu asr + mu D + i A systematic discussion of the errors involved in the DEALE approximation shows that it will in most cases truly describe the ordering of the costs of various treatments. The DEALE are compared with the costs obtained by using actual mortality statistics. It was found that when two strategies have actual costs CA and CB such as CA greater than CB and CA/CB superior to 1.25, the ordering of CA and CB will always be kept in this simplified model.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A cost analysis of the prevention of end-stage renal disease: immunoglobulin therapy for IgA nephropathy.

A cost analysis was used to evaluate three possible immunoglobulin (IgG) treatment protocols for end-stage renal disease due to IgA nephropathy. The perspective chosen for the cost analysis was that of the health-care delivery system. The baseline strategy was the absence of IgG treatment, and alternative strategies corresponded to three protocols presently on trial: all three included a high initial dose of intravenous IgG. Protocol 1 followed with intramuscular IgG injections only, protocol 2 with intramuscular plus intravenous injections, and protocol 3 with intravenous injections only. The costs of treatment included the costs of immunoglobulins, outpatient hospital costs, and the costs of tests; the saving (costs averted) resulted from kidney dialysis averted. The bottom line for the health-care system is a net savings of $233,000, $213,000, or $83,000, depending on the protocol chosen. The computation of costs did not value physical and psychological health benefits. Thus, any subjective benefit, such as improved comfort, or objective benefit, such as longer life expectancy, would be an improvement over the results presented here.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic findings in posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease.

Transplant patients are at an increased risk of developing lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs). To examine the role of cytology in diagnosing LPDs, the cytologic reports on all transplant patients seen at the University of Iowa from January 1983 to July 1988 were reviewed. Thirteen of 649 transplant patients developed LPD; 10 of those 13 patients had a total of 25 cytologic specimens obtained within two months of the diagnosis of LPD available for review. Ten specimens (four cerebrospinal fluids [CSFs], four effusions, one respiratory specimen and one liver aspirate) from six patients were positive for LPD. Immunophenotypic or immunogenotypic studies on cytologic specimens from four patients showed a clonal B-cell process. The cytologic features ranged from those of a plasmacytoid LPD to those of an immunoblastic or large-cell lymphoma. An additional seven specimens (five CSFs, one effusion and one liver aspirate) from four patients were suspicious for LPD, exhibiting rare atypical cells or cells with plasmacytoid features. Ten patients died with LPD within 12 months; three are alive. Cytologic specimens, especially body fluids, are frequently positive in LPD and may be useful diagnostically. Since the differential diagnosis includes reactive lymphocytosis, confirmatory immunophenotypic or immunogenotypic studies are recommended.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene rearrangement in cytologic specimens.

Recombinant DNA techniques to detect the rearrangement of genes encoding immunoglobulins and T-cell-antigen receptors have been used to identify clonality in lymphoid lesions. To determine the utility of such techniques in cytologic specimens, DNA was analyzed in 24 effusions and 6 fine needle aspirates. Immunophenotypic studies were also performed on the 19 specimens with suspected hematopoietic malignancies. Sufficient material for DNA analysis was present in 28 of the 30 specimens. Immunoglobulin or T-cell-receptor gene rearrangement was present in 13 specimens with atypical cytologic findings; DNA studies provided more information than did the immunologic studies in 3 cases. One T-cell malignancy showed T-cell receptor and heavy-chain gene rearrangement, and one B-cell malignancy showed immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene rearrangement. In all patients except one with no evidence of gene rearrangement, the morphologic and immunologic studies also favored a reactive process. Control specimens showed a germline configuration. This study demonstrated that DNA gene rearrangement studies are feasible on many cytologic specimens and may be useful in diagnostically difficult cases.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytologic features of hepatic metastasis of granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. Differential diagnosis.

The cytologic findings from a fine needle aspiration biopsy of hepatic metastases of a granulosa cell tumor are described. While the cytologic features of the tumor were characteristic, the early recurrence in an unusual site makes this case noteworthy. The differential diagnosis of granulosa cell tumors from other metastatic and primary liver tumors is discussed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗