Relationship of regional adiposity to insulin resistance in nonobese Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adipose Tissue↗
Biomedical subjects
S Yoshii
Publications and source records attributed to S Yoshii.
Hemorrhagic shock due to intrathoracic rupture of an osteosarcoma of the rib.
A 13-year-old girl presented with dyspnea and chest pain. Chest radiography showed a massive left pleural effusion. Computed tomography revealed a tumor of the fourth rib. A large bloody effusion was drained. Her anemia worsened (hemoglobin: 4.8 g/dl), and hemorrhagic shock ensued. An emergency thoracotomy was performed. Bleeding from the ruptured tumor was identified. The fourth rib, the tumor, and the adjacent tissues were resected. Histopathologic examination revealed a ruptured primary osteosarcoma of the rib with pleural dissemination.
Adolescent↗
[Surgical treatment of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism caused by a cavernous hemangioma at the lower limb].
A 48-years old man complained of dyspnea and was admitted to the hospital. Chest enhanced CT confirmed the presence of the thrombus in the pulmonary artery. Cardiac catheterization showed severe pulmonary hypertension (mean PAP 75 mmHg). ATIII level, protein C and S antigen were within normal range. Anticardiolipin antibody and lupus anti-coagulant determination were negative. He was diagnosed as chronic pulmonary thromboembolism, and underwent pulmonary thromboendarterectomy via median sternotomy under deep hypothermic intermittent circulatory arrest. At the same time IVC filter was inserted. The origin of the thrombus was not detected before operation, but after surgery, MR angiography of total body showed a cavernous hemangioma at left lower limb. We speculated this lesion was the origin of pulmonary embolism.
Chronic Disease↗
Partial left ventriculectomy in a 3-year-old boy with dilated cardiomyopathy.
A 3-year-old boy suffered severe heart failure 2 months after ventricular septal defect repair. The cardiothoracic ratio was 67% and the ejection fraction 13%. Echocardiography showed a dilated left ventricle and thin myocardium. After thorough study, we made a diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy. Because conventional therapy was unsuccessful, we conducted partial left ventriculectomy with Alfieri repair of the mitral valve. The postoperative cardiothoracic ratio was 57% at 1 year of follow-up and the ejection fraction 40%. The New York Heart Association functional class improved from IV to I. In conclusion, the role of partial left ventriculectomy is both as a bridge to transplantation and as a definitive repair in dilated cardiomyopathy during childhood.
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated↗
Acetabular augmentation using a glass-ceramic block: 3 patients followed 3-4 years.
We have developed a block of glass-ceramic to augment the dysplastic acetabulum. 3 patients with acetabular dysplasia underwent implantation of a block of glass-ceramic on the lateral surface of the ilium just above the hip joint. The patients did not require immobilization and returned to their daily lives, walking without a cane 4 weeks after the operation. The mean Harris hip score was 47 points preoperatively and 94 points 3 years postoperatively.
Acetabulum↗
True aneurysm of the digital artery. Case report and review.
We report a case of true aneurysm of the ulnar digital artery, the aetiology of which was related to gripping a golf club. It was diagnosed preoperatively by magnetic resonance imaging. The patient made a good recovery from excision, and the aneurysm had not recurred two years later.
Adult↗
Compression neuropathy of the superficial branch of the radial nerve. Case reports.
We present two cases of hypoaesthesia over the dorsal radial aspect of the hand with an associated painful mass in the wrist. At operation a dorsal wrist ganglion was compressing the superficial branch of the radial nerve at the anatomical snuff-box. After removal of the ganglion the hypoaesthesia was relieved.
Female↗
Preoperative diagnosis of ileal lipoma by endoscopic ultrasonography probe.
The occurrence of tumor in the small intestine is relatively rare. It has been demonstrated that lipoma of the ileum is a cause of intussusception. We report a 59-year-old man admitted to our hospital for lower abdominal pain. Diagnosis of intussusception was made by abdominal x-ray and ultrasonography. Enema contrast studies revealed ileocolic intussusception. Colonoscopy revealed a tumor with an submucosal tumor (SMT)-like head and coil-spring appearance in the ascending colon. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) revealed a hyperechoic submucosal lesion with features compatible with lipoma. Subsequently, this was confirmed histopathologically after resection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of preoperative diagnosis of ileal lipoma by EUS.
Endosonography↗
C-Cbl protein in human cancer tissues is frequently tyrosine phosphorylated in a tumor-specific manner.
To search for the signaling pathway relevant to the tumorigenesis in human, we examined the expression and tyrosine phosphorylation of c-cbl proto-oncogene product, c-Cbl, in various human cancer cell lines and surgical specimens. In cells derived from human cancer, we found constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl protein, whereas its phosphorylation was undetectable in control ECV304 cells. Expression and tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl was also examined in various surgical specimens. Thirty-six surgical specimens obtained from human tumor tissues were studied: 9 gastric carcinomas, 10 colon carcinomas, 6 renal carcinomas, 2 hepatomas, 2 brain tumors, 2 uterus tumors, 1 breast carcinoma, 1 thyroid tumor, 1 bladder tumor and 2 lung carcinomas. We found tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl protein in 12 cases (33%) of these tumor tissues in a tumor-specific manner. These results suggest the importance of c-Cbl signaling in tumorigenesis in human.
Carcinoma↗
[Whole-body oxygen consumption at different temperatures during cardiopulmonary bypass].
For evaluation of the adequacy of tissue perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), whole-body oxygen consumption rates at different body weights and temperatures are basic and important data. But few studies have analyzed the oxygen consumption estimated from real-time data during CPB in clinical situations. We analyzed retrospectively the oxygen consumption at different body weights (BW) during normothermia (VO2 37) and the oxygen consumption ratio at different body temperatures (BT; %VO2X; X = BT) from the CPB charts of 189 cases. From these charts, 877 data points for oxygen consumption during total CPB were calculated by Fick's law. By statistical analysis of these data, we derived the following formulae: VO2 37 (ml/kg/min) = 7.6481 x BW0.0679, R2 = 1.0 (BW < 8 kg) VO2 37 (ml/kg/min) = 32.394 x BW-0.625, R2 = 0.92 (BW > or = 8 kg) %VO2X (%) = 4 x 10(-5) x BT4.0777, R2 = 0.42. These formulae indicate that (1) the whole-body oxygen consumption during total CPB can be measured by subtracting the oxygen consumption associated with circulatory and respiratory processes from the oxygen consumption derived from the basal metabolism; and (2) although the change in oxygen consumption induced by hypothermia is variable depending on body weight, the rate of change shows no difference regardless of the patient's weight.
Body Weight↗
alphaPIX nucleotide exchange factor is activated by interaction with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.
p21-activated kinase (PAK) is a common effector protein of the small GTPases Cdc42 and Rac, leading to the activation of downstream mitogen activated protein kinases. PAK also mediates polarized cytoskeletal changes induced by these GTPases. The recently identified PAK-interacting exchange factor (PIX) acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor on Rac, and colocalizes with PAK in a focal complex, but little is known about the associated signaling cascades, including upstream activators of PIX. In this study, we show that one of the isoforms of PIX, alphaPIX, is activated by signaling cascades from the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor and EphB2 receptor, and from integrin-induced signaling through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase). alphaPIX is activated by forming a complex with these receptors either via association with PAK and Nck, or direct association with the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3-kinase. Synthetic phosphoinositide and membrane targeted PI3-kinase augmented the alphaPIX activity in vivo. In Xenopus, aggregates of mesodermal cells derived from embryos microinjected with alphaPIX significantly increased the peripheral spreading on fibronectin substrate in response to PDGF through PI3-kinase. These results indicate that alphaPIX is activated by PI3-kinase, and is involved in the receptor mediated signaling leading to the activation of the kinase activity of PAK, and the migration of mesodermal cells on extracellular matrix.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
[Chronic hepatic dysfunction with fatal outcome due to Vibrio septicemia: report of 3 cases].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Endoscopic lithotripsy with the holmium:YAG laser.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG) laser can be used not only for soft tissue but also for hard tissue such as urinary calculi. The objective of this study was to assess the usefulness of the Ho:YAG laser for endoscopic lithotripsy in patients with urinary tract stone. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIASL AND METHODS: Of 102 procedures performed among 96 patients, 88 were transurethral ureterolithotripsy (TUL), seven were percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, and seven were transurethral cystolithotripsy. Six patients had bilateral stones. The fragments were reduced as much as possible with the Ho:YAG laser. RESULTS: The efficacy rate of the 102 lithotripsy procedures was 93%. With respect to the effect of TUL, the efficacy rates of 40 procedures for the proximal ureter, 18 procedures for the midureter, and 30 procedures for the distal ureter were 85%, 94%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The Ho:YAG laser produced a sufficiently strong lithotripsy force on all stones. The results of this study indicate that lithotripsy of urinary tract stones with the Ho:YAG laser can achieve a clinical outcome equivalent to or exceeding that of pulsed dye laser lithotripsy. The Ho:YAG laser is a multipurpose laser and thus is a cost effective and very useful means for endoscopic lithotripsy of urinary tract stones.
Adolescent↗
Partial left ventriculectomy in an infant with dilated cardiomyopathy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated↗
Exophthalmos, pretibial myxedema, osteoarthropathy syndrome associated with papillary fibroelastoma in the left ventricle.
EMO syndrome, a rare complication of Graves' disease, exhibits exophthalmos, pretibial myxedema, and osteoarthropathy. The presence of functional thyrotropin receptors (TSHR) in adipocytes and osteoblasts, both of which we have recently observed, may be related to these extrathyroidal manifestations of Graves' disease. In addition, the expression of TSHR in the heart has recently been reported. We describe here a patient with Graves' disease exhibiting EMO syndrome with a papillary fibroelastoma in the left ventricle. Pathological examinations showed that the fibroelastoma contained Alcian blue-stained mucinous materials that were also observed in the subcutaneous tissue of pretibial myxedema.
Fibroma↗
Ependymoma of the spinal cord and the cauda equina region.
Ependymomas are the most common glial tumors of the spinal cord, including the conus medullaris, filum terminale, and cauda equina. This study involved eight ependymomas of the spinal cord encountered during a 29-year period (1968-1996). The male:female ratio was 1:1.7, and the mean age at diagnosis was 33.7 years (range, 13-55 years). The outcome was studied in relation to initial presentation, initial therapy, location of tumor, histology of tumor, and gender after a follow-up period ranging from 2-16 years (mean, 113 months). Complete removal was achieved in six patients. Two patients received postoperative irradiation after partial removal. Histological examination revealed a benign ependymoma in all patients. Patients undergoing gross total excision at initial operation had excellent or good outcomes. We conclude that ependymomas of the spinal cord should be removed completely, if possible. Spine surgeons should be aware of the disease, and magnetic resonance imaging should be used in its detection.
Adolescent↗
[A clinical study for improving the survival rate of pN2 lung cancer through our case of 53 patients].
BACKGROUND: In management of non-small cell lung cancer, the evaluation and treatment of N2 disease has a lot of controversy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1983 and 1998, 53 patients of pN2 non-small cell lung cancer were operated by standard lymph node dissection method (R2) using CUSA system. We studied the sensitivity of the diagnosis of preoperative N factor, survival rate, and analysed the relationship between the postoperative mediastinal lymph node metastasis and the site of recurrence. RESULTS: Three-year and five-year survival rates for 53 cases were 46.8% and 33.4% respectivery. Preoperative sensitivity of CT scan for N factors were only 45% in squamous cell carcinoma and 24.2% in adenocarcinoma. Even with intraoperative findings, the sensitivity was not better. In a follow up survey, ipsilateral mediastinal lymph node recurrence was not detected, contralateral mediastinal lymph node recurrences were rare and the distant metastases were common cause of death. CONCLUSION: It is more important to accomplish the standard lymph node dissection completely in all cN cases than to evaluate the preoperative node stage aggressively using invasive methods.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Molecular detection of heparan sulfate proteoglycan mRNA in rat kidney during calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis.
The present study used reverse transcription (RT)-PCR to examine heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) mRNA expression in rat kidneys. Total mRNA in kidney was isolated and converted to cDNA. To confirm the exact expression level of HSPG mRNA, quantitative competitive (QC)-PCR was performed for each sample. PCR products were resolved by electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose gel and visualized with ethidium bromide. Fragment intensity and area were measured using an image analyzer. In QC-PCR, target DNA and competitive DNA were expressed, using gene-specific primer for HSPG mRNA, as 506- and 345-bp bands, respectively. The level of HSPG mRNA expression apparently increased in the nephrolithic rat kidney. Immunohistochemical study revealed that increased production of heparan sulfate was detected in both distal and proximal tubules during nephrolithiasis. These findings suggest that increased expression of HSPG may play a significant role during calcium oxalate stone formation.
Animals↗