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Biomedical subjects

S Yilmaz

Publications and source records attributed to S Yilmaz.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Surface landmarks of brachial plexus: ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for supraclavicular approach with anatomical correlation.

The present study is able to describe a certain line, under which brachial plexus (BP) lies underneath in the supraclavicular region. A line drawn between midpoint of the sternocleidomastoid muscle to the midpoint of the clavicle was considered for BP. Surface landmarks were evaluated by applying ultrasound (US) on 30 volunteers (15 female, 15 male). Axial and sagittal views of BP were taken and distances between skin and BP were measured. Coronal magnetic resonance (MR) sections were taken from 7 volunteers according to the second line after applying two fat capsules on each line. The sonographic views were seen at the same line. Mean distances from skin were found as 16.5+/-0.7 mm for male and 14.5+/-0.5 mm for female volunteers. MR images were obtained bilaterally, which were parallel and posterior from sonographic lines. Surface landmarks, as presented in this study, are simple to accomplish and are not dependent on structural variations as external jugular vein.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The anatomy of the arterial supply of the thoracic limb of the porcupine (Hystrix cristata).

The aim of this study was to investigate the anatomy of the arterial supply and branches of the thoracic limb of the porcupine. With this aim, five (three male and two female) adult porcupines were used. The vascular tree of the thoracic limb was injected through the common carotid arteries with coloured latex. The a. thoracica externa arose from the a. axillaris at the level of the fourth rib. It divided into two branches and went to the m. cutaneus trunci and the m. pectoralis ascendens. The a. subscapularis came off the a. thoracodorsalis. Later, the a. circumflexa humeri caudalis et cranialis, the three muscular branches and the a. circumflexa scapulae arose from the a. subscapularis. The a. profunda brachii arose together with the a. bicipitalis from the same truncus. The a. collateralis ulnaris left from the a. brachialis independently. Rete carpi dorsale was formed by the a. radialis. the r. carpeus dorsalis of the a. collateralis ulnaris and the a. interossea caudalis. Arcus palmaris profundus was formed by the r. profundus of the a. interossea caudalis and the r. palmaris profundus of the a. radialis. In conclusion, despite a partial resemblance to that in the rat, the distribution of the thoracic limb arteries in the porcupine was found to be completely different from that of other mammals. These findings represent, to our knowledge, the first study on the distribution of thoracic limb arteries in the porcupine.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Randomised clinical trial of two bypass operations for unresectable cancer of the pancreatic head.

OBJECTIVE: To compare two different types of prophylactic gastric bypass in patients with cancer of the pancreatic head who were not suitable for curative resection. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University hospital, Turkey. SUBJECTS: 44 patients with unresectable cancer of the pancreatic head without duodenal obstruction who presented between May 1995 and June 2000 who were randomised into 2 groups. INTERVENTIONS: 22 patients had an antecolic, isoperistaltic gastrojejunostomy, jejunojejunostomy, and hepaticojejunostomy after cholecystectomy. The remaining 22 had a hepaticojejunostomy and antecolic, antiperistaltic gastrojejunostomy procedure after cholecystectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mortality, morbidity, postoperative course, and survival. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the groups in the incidence of postoperative complications, time until restoration of oral diet, relaparotomy rate, late upper gastrointestinal bleeding, mortality, duration of hospital stay, and survival. The isoperistaltic operation took significantly longer than the antiperistaltic operation (p < 0.001) and there was less delayed gastric emptying in the antiperistaltic group but not significantly so. Both operations caused a significant lengthening in the postoperative gastric emptying time (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: Both procedures are suitable for patients with unresectable carcinoma of the pancreatic head without impending duodenal obstruction. There was a trend towards better clinical results with the isoperistaltic procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Histological and biochemical effects of cigarette smoke on lungs.

In this study, rats were made to inhale cigarette smoke in a specifically prepared container for different periods. The lung tissue samples of the subjects were examined by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Malonaldehyde, one of the free oxygen radicals was determined in lungs and plasma. The catalase activity level of erythrocyte and arginase levels were determined. Three groups were formed. The rats in the Ist and IInd groups were made to inhale cigarette smoke for 30 and 60 minutes a day for a total period of 3 months. Control group, the rats in the IIIrd group (controls) were made to inhale clean air during the same periods. An increase in the number of macrophages was observed in the pulmonary tissue of the exposed groups. Especially in the group that inhaled the smoke for long periods, the number of macrophages and the inclusion bodies contained in them increased. These differences could easily be observed in TEM studies. In the light microscopy and SEM observations, it arouse attention that the alveolar macrophages occurred as sets and their activation increased. Depending on the length of the exposure to cigarette smoke, an increase in the number of macrophages was observed. Statistically significant increases were determined in the malonaldehyde levels of pulmonary tissue and plasma when compared to the control group. Besides significant increases were found in the catalase activity levels of erythrocytes in the experimental groups.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Determination of olsalazine sodium in pharmaceuticals by differential pulse voltammetry.

The electrochemical oxidation of olsalazine sodium was investigated by cyclic, linear sweep, differential pulse and square wave voltammetry using glassy carbon disc electrode in different buffer systems. Best results were obtained for the determination of olsalazine using the differential pulse voltammetric technique in phosphate buffer at pH 7.0. The electroactive species exhibits a diffusion-controlled voltammetric wave and its differential pulse peak current shows a linear dependence on olsalazine concentration in the range between 2 x 10(-6) M and 2 x 10(-4) M. This relationship has been applied to the determination of olsalazine in commercial capsule dosage forms. The recovery study shows good accuracy and precision for the assay developed. A UV spectrophotometric assay is also reported for comparison.

Aminosalicylic Acids↗
PubMed2001

The importance of the anatomy of the splenic artery and its branches in splenic artery embolisation.

Splenic artery embolisation can be performed preoperatively in an attempt to decrease thrombocyte destruction, or as an alternative to surgery, to obtain partial or total organ ablation. During this procedure, it is very important to deliver embolising agents distal to the origin to pancreatic branches to avoid the risk of pancreatitis. Therefore, a detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the splenic artery and its branches is required to achieve safe embolisation. The purpose of our study is to measure the average distance between the origin of the last pancreatic branch and the splenic hilum in digital angiograms and cadaver specimens.

Embolization, Therapeutic↗
PubMed2000

Reconstruction of an alveolar cleft for orthodontic tooth movement.

Bone grafting to repair an alveolar cleft has long been an integral part of the treatment of persons with unilateral and bilateral clefts of the lip and alveolus. The presence of the cleft places a limitation on the orthodontist who would like to move teeth in the area of the cleft. Various grafting materials have been placed in alveolar clefts in an attempt to solve this problem. The case to be presented is a patient with a Class II, Division 2, malocclusion with a left unilateral alveolar cleft and a repaired cleft lip. Ten months after initiating orthodontic treatment, a free gingival graft procedure was performed because of insufficient vestibular depth and the narrow width of the keratinized attached gingiva at the left maxillary lateral and central incisor region. Two months after periodontal surgery, a mix of decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft and a granular bioactive glass graft material (1:1) were applied subperiostally on the buccal aspect of the edentulous cleft region. Six months later, the teeth adjacent to the grafted alveolar cleft were orthodontically moved into the edentulous area. The treatment results indicated that orthodontic, periodontal, and surgical interventions resulted in a successful closure of the alveolar cleft as well as improved periodontal conditions of the teeth adjacent to the cleft area. From the orthodontic point of view, tooth movement can be achieved successfully into a bone graft made of freeze-dried bone and bioactive glass.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Palliative decompression of obstructive hilar malignancies utilizing an extrahilar biliary approach.

Hilar cancers carry a dismal prognosis. Palliation of obstructive jaundice in patients with hilar cancer can be achieved by either surgical or nonsurgical means. Selection of the appropriate palliative measures is a challenging problem. Segmental bilioenteric anastomosis procedures were performed on 19 patients with hilar cancer. Seventeen of the bypasses were done to the segment III duct, known as the ligamentum teres approach, and two bypasses were to the segment V duct. Five patients, who had already been stented percutaneously or endoscopically, were operated on after the stents were clogged and a duodenal obstruction ensued. There were two postoperative deaths (10.5%) and four postoperative complications (21%). All of the 17 surviving patients experienced improvement in the level of jaundice postoperatively and the levels of serum total and direct bilirubin decreased by 78.9% and 84.2%, respectively. Two patients developed late cholangitis before death and were treated by external biliary drainage; one developed duodenal obstruction and was treated by gastrointestinal anastomosis. The mean length of hospital stay was 15.2 days. Mean survival was 8.2 months and the mean period of well-being was 7.8 months. Median survival was 7 months and median period of well being was 7 months. Three patients are still alive at 8, 8, and 24 months. These data suggest that the ligamentum teres approach offers effective palliation for patients with unresectable hilar cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Diagnostic value of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in acute appendicitis.

The aim of this study is prospectively to evaluate the serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in detection of acute appendicitis in patients with right iliac fossa pain. Data were collected in prospective manner on 102 consecutive patients with right iliac fossa pain. Laparotomy was performed for suspected acute appendicitis for 55 of the 102 patients, of whom 49 patients had appendicitis, 6 patients non-appendicitis (NA), and the other 47 patients had nonspecific abdominal pain (NSAP) and they did not undergo operation. Among those with appendicitis 31 had acute appendix (AA), 8 had gangrenous appendix (GA), and 10 had perforated appendix (PA). The WBC and CRP the mean (SEM) values were significantly different in AA, GA, and PA groups compared with NSAP and NA groups (P < 0.05). Although the mean IL-6 levels were significantly different only in PA group than the others groups (P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of serum CRP measurements were calculated as 96% and 87%, respectively whereas these were 33% and 83% for IL-6 levels for the diagnosis of the acute appendicitis. As a result, measurement of the CRP levels and WBC have an additional diagnostic value on the diagnosis of the acute appendicitis but determination of IL-6 levels which added to the test combination of WBC and CRP, the sensitivity for the diagnosis of the acute appendicitis was not changed whereas the specificity was decreased to 66%.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Early gastric post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder and H pylori detection after kidney transplantation: a case report and review of the literature.

The incidence of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in the adult renal transplant population ranges from 0.7% to 4%. The majority of cases involve a single site and arise, on average, seven months after transplantation. Histopathology usually reveals B-cell proliferative disease and has been standardized into its own classification. Treatment modalities consist of decreased immunosuppression, eradication of Epstein-Barr virus, surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy and monoclonal antibody therapy; however, mortality remains high, typically with a short survival time. In patients who have undergone renal transplantation, approximately 10% of those with PTLDs present with gastrointestinal symptomatology and disease. Reported sites include the stomach, and small and large bowel. Very few cases of Helicobacter pylori or mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue have been described in association with PTLD. In the era of cyclosporine immunosuppression, the incidence of PTLD affecting the gastrointestinal tract may be increasing in comparison with the incidence seen with the use of older immunosuppression regimens. A case of antral PTLD and H pylori infection occurring three months after renal transplantation is presented, and the natural history and management of gastric PTLD are reviewed.

Helicobacter Infections↗