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Biomedical subjects

S Yasuda

Publications and source records attributed to S Yasuda.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Aquaretic effect of the stable dynorphin-A analog E2078 in the human.

Dynorphin-A is an endogenously released hormone that is now recognized as a kappa-opioid receptor agonist. Because kappa-agonists have been reported to induce water diuresis through negative modulation of antidiuretic hormone release and/or action, in the present study we investigated the aquaretic effects and safety of E2078, a metabolically stable dynorphin-A analog, in 21 healthy subjects after single (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 mg, i.m.) and repeated (5.0 mg t.i.d. for 4 and 1/3 days) administration. E2078 dose-dependently increased the 0 to 4-hr urine volume, which plateaued between 1032.4 +/- 130.1 and 1286.2 +/- 113.0 ml/4 hr (mean +/- S.E.M.) at doses of between 5.0 and 10.0 mg. The drug decreased urine osmolality (Uosm) markedly, by 17 to 27%, and the free-water clearance (CH2O) became positive, changing from -1.8 +/- 0.2 (placebo) to 0.8 +/- 0.3-2.8 +/- 0.4 ml/min after a single E2078 administration (P < .01). In the repeated-dose study, the first dose of E2078 increased the 0 to 5-hr urine output (1256 +/- 164.9 ml/5 h), lowered Uosm (151.8 +/- 13.3 mOsm/kg) and brought about a positive CH2O (1.9 +/- 0.2 ml/min). These values were similar to those seen after the single dose, but after the subsequent doses these aquaretic effects were attenuated, although the ranges of these same parameters were still significantly greater (P < .01-0.05) (441.4 +/- 102.4-585.3 +/- 131.9 ml/5 hr, 322.8 +/- 21.9-378.2 +/- 47.7 mOsm/kg and -0.2 +/- 0.2-(-)0.6 +/- 0.2 ml/min, respectively) than the day -1 base line (164.1 +/- 41.3 ml/5 hr, 992.0 +/- 80.6 mOsm/kg and -1.2 +/- 0.2 ml/min, respectively). Urinary excretion of electrolytes (Na, K and Cl) was not altered during either study period. A single E2078 administration reduced plasma antidiuretic hormone dose-dependently. On repeated dosing, the plasma concentration had rebounded to approximately 3 pg/ml by the time of the first dose on days 3 and 5, which lowered it again. The present results suggest that E2078 is a safe and effective aquaretic and could be a useful therapeutic tool for patients with water-retaining diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Growth inhibition of the emulsion from to Brucea javanica cultured human carcinoma cells].

We studied the growth inhibitory activity of the emulsion from Brucea javanica fruit of B. javanica to human squamous cell carcinoma cells. The dose of 250 micrograms/ml at 96 hrs after drug exposure, it showed 42% growth inhibition, and at 500 micrograms/ml inhibited 56% of the cell growth. The effect of more than 50% of the growth inhibition was evident at more than 7 hrs after drug exposure. In the analysis of mechanism of the drug using a flow cytometry, the arrest in G1 phase of cell cycle was found during incubation of cancer cells with drug. These results suggested that the oil of B. javanica is useful as an anticancer drug.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed1994

[Management for subarachnoid hemorrhage with negative initial angiography].

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is commonly caused by ruptured aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation which is detected by cerebral angiogram. However, since angiograms sometimes cannot show the origin of SAH, we review 12 cases (6.3% of total SAH) to assess the management of these cases. We divided the 12 cases into three groups. Group A (occulted aneurysm group) consisted of six cases of which aneurysms were detected by repeated angiographies in four, and by surgical procedures in two. Group U (unknown etiology group) consisted of five cases. Their follow up periods varied from 7 months to 7 years 11 months, and all of them recovered well and had no episode of rebleeding. Group R (rebleeding group) consisted of one case which fatally re-bled on the second day. Group A tended to be Hunt and Hess grade 3, and Fisher group 3 or 4. In contrast, group U tended to be H and H grade 1 or 2, and Fisher group 2. However by their clinical and neuroradiological findings alone, it was not possible to distinguish the two groups certainly. This means that the patients whose initial angiography does not show the origin of bleeding must be cared for as an occult aneurysm case. Twice repeated angiograms should be programmed. In our cases the first was carried out on the seventh day in the hope that the reason for vasospasm of the parent artery might be shown to be a hidden aneurysm. The second was carried out sometime between the 14th and 21st day because of thrombolysis in the aneurysm, and because it was necessary to relieve vasospasm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume response immediately after successful percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy.

The left ventricular (LV) diastolic pressure-volume response after percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) was investigated to determine whether it was related to the baseline conditions of the left ventricle. Left ventriculography was performed, and the measurements of LV pressure were obtained in 32 patients before and after PTMC. Mitral valve area increased from 1.0 +/- 0.3 to 1.9 +/- 0.4 cm2 (p < 0.005) after PTMC, which caused a decrease in left atrial mean pressure (14.8 +/- 5.9 to 7.4 +/- 2.7 mm Hg; p < 0.005). LV end-diastolic pressure increased in all patients 5 minutes after PTMC. However, patients could be divided into 2 groups according to the following changes in LV end-diastolic pressure 20 minutes after PTMC: In 22 patients, LV end-diastolic pressure returned to the near-baseline level 20 minutes after PTMC (before 5.0 +/- 2.2, 5 minutes after 8.6 +/- 3.1, and 20 minutes after 6.3 +/- 2.5 mm Hg) with a significant increase in LV end-diastolic volume index (64 +/- 12 to 74 +/- 14 ml/m2; p < 0.001) and augmentation of LV stroke volume index (39 +/- 9 to 47 +/- 11 ml/m2; p < 0.001). However, in the remaining 10 patients with a larger LV volume (> 80 ml/m2) and reduced ejection fraction (< 50%) at baseline, LV end-diastolic pressure further increased 20 minutes after PTMC (before 5.5 +/- 2.8, 5 minutes after 7.8 +/- 2.7, and 20 minutes after 11.0 +/- 2.9 mm Hg) without significant changes in LV volume.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Heavy-chain isoforms of non-muscle myosin in human tissues.

The heavy-chain isoforms of myosin in human non-muscle and smooth muscle tissues were analyzed by means of SDS/PAGE and using three distinct newly developed monoclonal anti-(human cerebrum myosin) Ig (HBM-1, HBM-3 and HBM-4). Purified cerebrum myosin contained three electrophoretic variants of non-muscle myosin heavy chain (NM1, NM2 and NM3, with apparent molecular masses of about 200, 198 and 196 kDa, respectively). Both NM1 and NM2 were recognizable by the brain-specific antibody HBM-1, while NM3 was recognizable by HBM-3. Each of the variants reacted with HBM-4 to a similar extent. Purified cerebellum myosin gave three electrophoretic variants of the heavy chain which were indistinguishable electrophoretically or immunologically from those of cerebrum myosin. Aortic myosin contained four electrophoretic variants, including the two smooth muscle myosin heavy chain isoforms and NM2-like and NM3-like heavy chains. Liver, platelet and kidney myosins contained a heavy chain very similar to NM3. Kidney myosin also contained a small fraction of an NM2-like electrophoretic variant. In addition, cerebrum, kidney, liver and platelet myosins appeared to contain minor, 194-kDa myosin heavy-chain-like polypeptide(s) (NM4). NM1, as well as NM2 and NM3, thus appear to be the brain-type and non-brain-type non-muscle myosin heavy-chain isoforms, respectively, and additional minor heavy-chain isoforms are also likely to be present in human tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Thiamin-triphosphate-synthesizing activity of mutant cytosolic adenylate kinases: significance of Arg-128 for substrate specificity.

The thiamin triphosphate (TTP)-synthesizing activity and the ATP-synthesizing activity of two mutant enzymes of chicken cytosolic adenylate kinase whose Arg-128 was substituted by Trp (cAK1(Trp)) or Ala (cAK1(Ala)) were compared to those of the wild-type enzyme. The TTP-synthesizing activity of both the mutant enzymes was higher due to higher affinity to thiamin diphosphate (cAK1(Trp)) or a larger Vmax (cAK1(Ala)). The optimal pH shifted to pH 9.0 from pH 10.5. The ATP-synthesizing activity of both the mutant enzymes was, on the other hand, markedly decreased with lower affinity for ADP and lower Vmax. These results suggest that Arg-128 plays an important role in the substrate specificity of the cytosolic adenylate kinase.

Adenylate Kinase↗
PubMed1993

Crouzon disease associated with sinus pericranii: a report on identical twin sisters.

Crouzon disease is a form of craniosynostosis with the autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Among the anomalies associated with craniosynostosis, aberrant dural sinus is well known. We report on identical twin sisters with Crouzon disease and sinus pericranii who were successfully treated surgically. In one of the sisters hydrocephalus was present, which eventually needed a shunt operation. The association of these anomalies is discussed.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1993

Jejunal perforation caused by blunt abdominal trauma in a patient with Crohn's disease: report of a case.

We report herein the case of a 23-year-old man with Crohn's disease who was found to have a perforated small bowel following blunt abdominal trauma sustained in a traffic accident. The general findings of diffuse peritonitis were identified by physical examination, and a plain X-ray film showed free air in the abdominal cavity. An emergency laparotomy was performed which revealed three perforated ulcers in the affected intestine. An abrupt increase in intraluminal pressure due to the striking force of the steering wheel to the abdomen was assumed to have been the cause of these perforations.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1993

Human erythrocyte band 3 (EPB3) polymorphism: analysis of blood and bloodstains by an immunodetection method and frequency of the EPB3* Memphis variant.

The erythrocyte band 3 (EPB3) variant, band 3 Memphis (EPB3*Memphis), was detected by immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody to the 41 kDa cytoplasmic N-terminal domain of band 3 without protease treatment of erythrocytes. EPB3*Memphis was also detected by immunoblotting from 3-month-old bloodstains subjected to alpha-chymotrypsin treatment. A population genetic study using this method indicated that the EPB3 variant would be useful for forensic work in Japan, since the frequency of this variant in Japanese (Wakayama prefecture) is relatively high (0.159).

Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte↗
PubMed1993

ABO blood grouping of bloodstains by sandwich ELISA using monoclonal antibody specific for human red cell band 3.

ABO blood grouping of human bloodstains was performed by a sandwich ELISA using a species-specific monoclonal antibody to the amino-terminal cytoplasmic domain of human red cell membrane band 3. In a blind trial, all A, B and O bloodstains (a 1 cm long thread) and AB bloodstains (a 1.5 cm long thread) were accurately typed by this method. Even when bloodstains were contaminated by other body fluids (e.g., semen and saliva), only the ABO blood group epitopes on band 3 of the red cell membrane were detected. Thus, identification of human blood and ABO blood grouping of bloodstains which were contaminated by other body fluids could be simultaneously performed by this method.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1993

Soluble human high-affinity receptor for IgE abrogates the IgE-mediated allergic reaction.

The high-affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RI) has a tetrameric structure structure composed of one alpha, one beta, and two disulfide-linked gamma subunits, of which the alpha subunit binds IgE with high affinity. A recombinant soluble form of the ectodomain of the human Fc epsilon RI alpha subunit (rsFc epsilon RI alpha) was recently generated by gene engineering and was verified to bind IgE with an affinity as high as that of native Fc epsilon RI on the cell surface. rsFc epsilon RI alpha was prepared on a large scale in order to analyze its biological function. rsFc epsilon RI alpha completely inhibited IgE binding to the cell surface, resulting in abrogation of the chemical mediator release from RBL-2H3 cells. Furthermore it completely abolished the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) response by trapping IgE specifically when it was administered into rats prior to IgE sensitization. Even after IgE sensitization, treatment of rsFc epsilon RI alpha substantially reduced the PCA response. It was finally shown that rsFc epsilon RI alpha inhibited IgE binding to human peripheral blood basophils and the histamine release from them. In this paper we address the ability of rsFc epsilon RI alpha to specifically prevent the IgE-mediated allergic reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

The structure of recombinant human carboxy-terminal-truncated macrophage colony-stimulating factor derived from mammalian cells.

The structure of recombinant human carboxy-terminal-truncated macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed in CHO cells was investigated. The bioactive protein ([-32-153]M-CSF), expressed from a nucleotide sequence that encoded a signal peptide of 32 amino acids and N-terminal amino acids numbers 1-153, was heterogeneous in terms of molecular mass, as analyzed by SDS-PAGE, because of the presence of N-linked sugar moieties. The primary structure of the polypeptide was determined by sequence analysis and amino acid analysis of the fragments obtained from lysylendopeptidase digests of reduced and alkylated M-CSF, and from pepsin digests of the intact molecule. A sugar chain was located only at Asn-122 of the two putative sites of N-glycosylation that were present per subunit. The homodimeric structure appeared to have seven disulfide bonds, formed by inter- or intra-molecular linkages, since there were no free thiol groups in the molecule. The assignment of disulfide bonds by sequence analysis using peptide fragments indicated the combinations of Cys7-Cys90, Cys48-Cys139, and Cys102-Cys146. Gel-filtration analysis of Ser31[-32-153]M-CSF, in which the remaining Cys31 was replaced by Ser and which was expressed in COS cells, suggested that the mutein existed as a monomer. Our study shows that the disulfide-bond pairings of [-32-153]M-CSF that is expressed and post-translationally modified in mammalian cells are identical to those of Escherichia coli-derived [3-153]M-CSF with only one intermolecular disulfide bond, namely, Cys31-Cys31.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1993

Atlas hypoplasia as a cause of high cervical myelopathy. Case report.

A high cervical myelopathy due to atlas hypoplasia is described in a 56-year-old man; the condition caused marked segmental compression of the spinal cord. A remarkable neurological recovery followed decompressive laminectomy of the atlas and adjacent regions. The authors discuss the embryology and etiology of this anomaly.

Cervical Atlas↗
PubMed1993

Increase in peak oxygen uptake by restoration of atrial contraction in patients after percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of sinus conversion after mitral commissurotomy on the exercise performance of patients with mitral stenosis (MS) and atrial fibrillation (Af). Electric cardioversion was attempted 10 days after successful balloon mitral commissurotomy in 32 patients with MS and Af. Both symptom-limited exercise tests with respiratory gas analysis and constant workload exercise tests with echo-Doppler examinations were performed before, five days and three months after mitral commissurotomy, and five days after successful sinus conversion. The balloon commissurotomy attenuated the increase in transmitral pressure gradient during exercise. However, no significant increase either in peak oxygen uptake (PVO2) or stroke volume were observed even three months after commissurotomy in patients with persistent Af. Sinus conversion was successful in 17 patients and PVO2 increased from 21.4 +/- 4.1 to 23.4 +/- 4.0 ml/min/kg (p < 0.01). The extent of the increase in PVO2 was related to the atrial contribution in transmitral flow (R2 = 0.39, y = 0.81x + 1.2). Sinus rhythm was maintained for three months in 14 of 17 patients. Increased PVO2 was also preserved in these patients. These results suggest that the sinus conversion after mitral commissurotomy has an effect on the exercise performance of patients with MS and Af.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Establishment of a transplantable rat colon cancer and a model of metastasis].

A new colon cancer metastasis model was developed in inbred rat. Fischer F344 rats receiving 20mg/kg of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine per week for 20 weeks developed adenocarcinoma of the colon. The tumor has been successfully transplanted by subcutaneous inoculation for 9 generations to the present. Pathologically this transplantable tumor (TRC-1) was moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Single cell suspensions were obtained from TRC-1. Tumor cells (8 x 10(6)) inoculated into the portal vein of syngenic rats developed no liver metastasis. The subcutaneous tumor was excised and cultured in RPMI-1640 medium with 10% FCS. To the present, the cells were cultured for 2 years. Electron microscopic study revealed microvilli, desmosomes and intermediate filaments. The cultured cells (TRCC-1) injected into the portal vein produced liver metastases. Similarly, the cells injected into the tail vein produced lung metastases. And the cells injected into the peritoneal cavity produced peritoneal dissemination. This rat model seemed to be useful in studying the treatment for colon cancer metastasis.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMed1993

[A case of massive hemorrhage associated with the removal of longstanding intrabronchial foreign body].

A 46 year old male patient was admitted with fever and cough. A chest X-ray film revealed a foreign body shadow of a denture fragment in the right intermediate bronchus that he had swallowed one year and half ago. Rigid bronchoscopy was used to remove the foreign body under general anesthesia. During the procedure, massive hemorrhage occurred from bronchus, and the foreign body was not removed successfully and the patient sustained near cardiac arrest. Postoperatively, he recovered from the near fatal condition with support of mechanical ventilation in ICU for several days. After one month, pulmonary angiography was performed and it revealed the transfiguration of pulmonary artery and other vessels close to the foreign body. Granular tissue around the foreign body was observed by preoperative bronchoscopy. Disruption of such vessels and granular tissue by rigid and forced fiberscopy was suspected to have caused the massive bleeding. Later, the denture fragment was successfully removed by right thoracotomy. We should take this complication into consideration and preoperative fiberoptic bronchoscopy and pulmonary angiography may be beneficial to the anesthetic management of such patients.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1993

[Granule-accumulation in VERO cells used for determination of antitoxin titration by micro cell culture method: I. Influence of mouse serum].

When the titration of diphtheria antitoxin of mouse serum was carried out by micro cell culture method using VERO cells, a large number of granules were observed in the cells. In order to examine the influence of this phenomenon on the titration of antitoxin, kinetics of the granule-accumulation was investigated. The granule-accumulation occurred in the cells in the culture medium to which either immunized or normal mouse serum was added. The granule-rich cells appeared at the dilution of the serum less than 1:32 and increased in number with the concentration of the serum. After 4 days of incubation 88% of the cells showed granule-accumulation when undiluted serum was added. Besides the mouse serum, those from guinea-pigs, horses, fetal calves and humans were examined. However, intensive accumulation of granules such as shown with mouse serum was not observed. From these results it was suggested that mouse serum might have some unknown mechanism which caused the remarkable accumulation of granules in VERO cells. The nature of granule and influence of this phenomenon on the titration of diphtheria antitoxin will be presented in an accompanying paper.

Animals↗