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S Yano

Publications and source records attributed to S Yano.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Intake of different eicosapentaenoic acid-containing lipids and fatty acid pattern of plasma lipids in the rats.

The ethyl ester of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is the only pure EPA-containing lipid available in bulk for oral administration. However, there is doubt as to whether EPA ethyl ester can efficiently increase the plasma levels of EPA in comparison with the ability of other kinds of EPA-containing lipids to do so. Therefore, two other kinds of EPA-containing lipids were prepared to study the efficiency of oral administration of those lipids for increasing the EPA content in plasma phospholipids and cholesteryl esters. EPA-containing lipids which were investigated were [A] 1,2,3-trieicosapentaenoyl-glycerol, [B] 2-eicosapentaenoyl-phosphatidylcholine and [C] ethyl ester of EPA. An adjusted amount of lipids [A], [B] and [C] was administered to rats through a gastric tube for 4 days (the first experiment) or for 10 days (the second experiment), and the fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids and cholesteryl esters was determined. In the first experiment, there were no significant differences in the efficiency for increasing EPA levels in either phospholipids or cholesteryl esters among the lipids. In the second experiment, the EPA levels of both plasma phospholipids and cholesteryl esters of rats administered ethyl ester of EPA were significantly higher than those of rats administered 2-eicosapentaenoyl-phosphatidylcholine. The EPA levels of the rats administered 1,2,3-trieicosapentaenoyl-glycerol were between the levels of the two groups mentioned above, but the differences in the EPA levels were not significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Injection of tridocosahexaenoyl-glycerol emulsion and fatty acid composition of blood cells.

An injectable emulsion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was prepared. One hundred ml of the emulsion contained 3 g of 93%-pure 1,2,3-tridocosahexaenoylglycerol (DHA-TG), 1.2 g of 93%-pure 2-docosahexaenoyl-phosphatidylcholine as an emulsifier and 2.5 g of glycerol. Thirty ml of the emulsion of DHA-TG was injected into three rabbits on days 1 and 4 of the study. Blood was taken on day 0, on day 4 just before the second injection and on day 7. The percentage of DHA in the total phospholipid fraction of platelets increased from 0.46% (day 0) to 1.88% (day 4, p less than 0.05) and 3.66% (day 7; p less than 0.02 vs day 0). The percentage of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) increased from 0.46% (day 0) to 1.03% (day 4, p less than 0.02) and 1.63% (day 7: p less than 0.05 vs day 0). The percentage of arachidonic acid (AA) decreased from 9.45% (day 0) to 4.31% (day 4, p less than 0.05) and 6.68% (day 7; p less than 0.02 vs day 0). The percentage of DHA in the total phospholipid fraction of erythrocyte membranes increased from 0.23% (day 0) to 0.91% (day 4, p less than 0.05) and 1.52% (day 7; p less than 0.005 vs day 0); that of EPA increased from 0.21% (day 0) to 0.34% (day 4, p less than 0.005%) and 0.52% (day 7, p less than 0.01 vs day 0); that of AA was unchanged. Blood lipids were the same before and after the two injections of the emulsion, except that free fatty acids decreased markedly from 0.32 to 0.06 mEq/1 (p less than 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Infusion of fish oil emulsion: effects on platelet aggregation and fatty acid composition in phospholipids of plasma, platelets, and red blood cell membranes in rabbits.

An emulsion of fish oil was manufactured to contain 10 g of fish oil/100 mL. Of this, 3 g were eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 1 g was docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). We administered 100 mL of the emulsion into six rabbits intravenously on days 1, 4, 7, 10, and 13. Blood samples were taken on days 0 and 16. The EPA content in phospholipids of plasma, platelets, and red blood cell (RBC) membranes increased 16, 4, and 5 times, respectively. The DHA content in phospholipids of plasma and RBC membranes increased two times whereas that in platelet phospholipids did not increase significantly. Platelet aggregation induced by collagen (10 micrograms/mL) and ADP (5 microM) was depressed significantly after infusion of the fish oil emulsion. In control experiments with soybean oil emulsion, there were almost no significant changes. Therefore, fish oil emulsion may be beneficial to patients who cannot take n-3 fatty acids orally but need them.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Ca2+ channel-blocking effect of the yohimbine derivatives, 14 beta-benzoyloxyyohimbine and 14 beta-pho-nitrobenzoyloxyyohimbine.

Yohimbine possesses a relatively selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonistic effect and a weak Ca2+ channel blocking activity, so two derivatives, 14 beta-benzoyloxyyohimbine and 14 beta-rho-nitrobenzoyloxyyohimbine were compared with yohimbine using those parameters. The two derivatives blocked Ca2+-induced contraction of the rat perfused mesenteric vascular bed at 3 X 10(-6) M, and developed dose-dependent shifts of the dose-response curve to the right in concentrations from 3 X 10(-6) to 10(-5) M. Yohimbine showed a weak Ca2+ channel-blocking effect only at a concentration of 10(-5) M. On the other hand, both derivatives at 3 X 10(-6) M did not affect the dose-response curve to noradrenaline-induced vasoconstriction. Furthermore, at 10(-8) M they had no effect on the dose-response curve to clonidine-induced inhibition of the twitch response of the rat isolated vas deferens evoked by electric stimulation, whereas yohimbine significantly attenuated clonidine-induced inhibition. These results indicate that introduction of bulky substituents into the 14-position of yohimbine intensely potentiated the Ca2+ channel-blocking effects and reduced alpha-adrenoceptor antagonistic effects compared with those of yohimbine, and suggest that chemical modifications of yohimbine may lead to structurally new types of Ca2+ channel-blockers.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1987

Foreign particles contaminating hemodialyzers and methods of removing them by rinsing.

Foreign particles contaminating hemodialyzers constitute a risk of microembolism and allergic reactions in hemodialysis patients. We investigated the size distribution of particles, and the effects of striking headers of dialyzers and flow rates of rinsing saline on the elimination of foreign particles from dialyzers. Saline used for rinsing was filtered through a Millipore filter, and the particles thus removed were observed microscopically. We also checked changes in particle counts in a closed circuit consisting of a dialyzer and blood lines during 5 h of continuous circulation with a blood pump. The number of contaminating particles increased exponentially as their size decreased. For the sake of reproducibility we counted particles having diameters larger than 3.0 micron to monitor the rinsing efficiency. During rinsing, particles in the dialyzer were effectively eliminated by striking the headers of the dialyzer. We found that striking should be started immediately after the blood line is filled with saline, and that variation in saline flow rates in the range of 350-700 ml/min of saline does not affect the rinsing efficiency. By filtration of saline used for rinsing, particles, mostly ranging from 5 to 200 micron in length, of many shapes and colors were found. Among them were fibers having a length of as much as a few millimeters. Once dialyzers were rinsed effectively, there was almost no change in particle counts in a closed circuit consisting of a dialyzer and blood lines. To rinse dialyzers effectively, at least 1,000 ml of saline are necessary, and striking the headers of dialyzers throughout the rinsing procedure is important.

Equipment Contamination↗
PubMed1987

Stimulatory effect of pentobarbital and some anesthetics on gastric secretion in the continuously perfused stomach in rats under urethane anesthesia.

Effects of some anesthetics (pentobarbital, thiopental, alpha-chloralose and urethane) on gastric acid secretion were studied in the continuously perfused stomach in rats. Under urethane anesthesia, pentobarbital, thiopental and alpha-chloralose showed a definite stimulation on gastric acid secretion. Pretreatment with atropine or hexamethonium abolished the pentobarbital-induced acid secretion. Pentobarbital and thiopental did not elicit acid secretion in bilateral truncal vagotomized rats. In spinal rats, pentobarbital also stimulated acid secretion, but urethane, which was subcutaneously administered, reduced spontaneous acid output. The present results indicated that some anesthetics could stimulate gastric secretion in the anesthetized rat in contrast to the previously described inhibitory effect in the Shay rat.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1987

Studies on nephrotoxicity following a single and repeated administration of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) in rats.

Nephrotoxicity following a single and repeated administration of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) was investigated in male Wistar rats. When CDDP in a single dose of 4 mg/kg was injected i.p. into animals, serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) reached a peak after 4 days and returned to the initial levels within two weeks. Nephrotoxicity of CDDP was dose-dependent, and related to the route of administration in the following order of i.p.s.c.i.v. When CDDP (4 mg/kg) was injected i.p. repeatedly at intervals of three weeks, a decrease in nephrotoxicity was observed after the 2nd injection of drug. This decreased nephrotoxicity was detected as early as a week after the 1st injection. Following the 3rd injection, nephrotoxicity showed an accumulative pattern. The change in the route of administration or its regimen did not alter the pattern of CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity. Decreased nephrotoxicity after the 2nd injection of the drug seems to be interesting from viewpoint of a host defense response.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Gastric lymphoma associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type I.

A 41-year-old woman presented with a gastric lymphoma. A total gastrectomy was performed, and the tumor was found to consist of T cells of the helper/inducer (E+, Leu-1+, Leu-2a-, Leu-3a+) phenotype. The patient was seropositive for T-cell leukemia virus type I, and the tumor cells contained the proviral genome.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Left-to-right shunt via the foramen ovale in the early neonatal period: evaluation by Doppler color flow mapping].

Serial two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography was performed in 22 normal neonates (2-9 hours after birth). A left-to-right shunt through the foramen ovale and a shunt through the ductus arteriosus were evaluated. Interatrial shunts were observed as transseptal jets in 16 of 22 neonates on initial examination and resolved nine to 26 hours after birth in 13 neonates. In the remaining three neonates the shunts were observed more than six days and resolved by two months of age. Shunts through the ductus arteriosus were observed in all neonates examined as diastolic or continuous flows toward the transducer in the main pulmonary artery at the initial examination. The ductal flow resolved simultaneously with (3/13) or after (10/13) the disappearance of interatrial flow. With two-dimensional echocardiography, the enlarged left atrium and rightward deviation of the interatrial septum were observed in the neonates with interatrial shunts. This was confirmed by the immobile septum primum and the increased ratio of the left atrial to aortic diameters (LA/Ao ratio) on the M-mode echo. The interatrial septum became mobile and the LA/Ao ratio decreased after disappearance of the interatrial shunts. It was speculated that in neonates with large ductal shunts, large pulmonary venous flow enters into the less compliant left ventricle and raises the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. Then, increased left atrial pressure distends the interatrial septum and causes left-to-right interatrial shunts via the stretched foramen ovale. This shunt is considered one of the physiological phenomena occurring in the early neonatal period.

Ductus Arteriosus↗
PubMed1987

[A case of virilizing adrenocortical carcinoma in an adult female with increased urinary excretion of catecholamines].

We report a rare case of virilizing adrenocortical carcinoma with increased urinary excretion of catecholamines. A 53-year-old woman was admitted because of a huge abdominal mass. A child's-head-size mass was palpable in the right upper quadrant. IVP, CT scan and angiography revealed a characteristic picture of an adrenal tumor. Urinary catecholamines and vanilmandelic acid were increased slightly. The urinary 17 ketosteroid level was very high (59.0 mg per day) and was not suppressed by a dexamethasone test. Exploratory laparotomy revealed that the tumor was fixed and had infiltrated to the vena cava, aorta and liver. Therefore, chemotherapy was performed. The dosage of op'-DDD was increased gradually to 9 g daily. During this treatment, a 5-days' course of treatment with cis-platinum (50 mg/day) was repeated 2 times. This patient achieved partial response according to Koyama-Saito's criteria. However, she died 18 months after the first admission. On autopsy, determined histopathologically that she died of adrenocortical carcinoma arising from the adrenal gland. However systemic lymph node, bone and lung metastases were also revealed. There is a possibility that this tumor secreted both sex steroids and catecholamines.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[Immunobiological studies of interferon-alpha A/D in comparison with a streptococcal preparation, OK-432].

In order to clarify the characteristics of interferon-alpha A/D (IFN-alpha) as a biological response modifier (BRM), several immunobiological activities were compared with OK-432. 1) Both IFN-alpha and OK-432 inhibited the multiplication of Meth-A cells in vitro. 2) IFN-alpha (2 X 10(5) IU, ip) augmented the NK activity of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) and spleen cells, and the peak of NK activity was observed 1 day after injection. OK-432 (1 KE, ip) augmented the NK activity of PEC, but not of spleen cells, and the peak was 3 days after. 3) Macrophage activating activity was more potent with OK-432 (1 KE) than IFN-alpha (2 X 10(5) IU). 4) Induction of CTL against alloantigens was augmented by IFN-alpha and OK-432. 5) By the combination of IFN-alpha with OK-432, a synergistic antitumor effect was obtained against Meth-A ascites tumor. Immunobiological effects of IFN-alpha seemed to be somewhat different from those of OK-432. Therefore, the combination of the two agents might cause a synergistic antitumor effect.

Animals↗