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Biomedical subjects

S Yano

Publications and source records attributed to S Yano.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Human lymphokine-activated killer cells suppress pokeweed mitogen-induced immunoglobulin synthesis.

The effect of human lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells on pokeweed mitogen (PWM) induced immunoglobulin synthesis by autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was studied. LAK cells induced by the in vitro culture with recombinant human interleukin-2 (IL-2) lysed PWM-activated autologous T cells and B cells, but did not lyse unstimulated lymphocytes. These effector cells which are capable of killing lymphoblasts were shown to express either CD16 surface markers. When CD8(+)-and CD16(+)-enriched cells isolated from the culture with IL-2 were added to cultures containing autologous PBMC and PWM, marked suppression of the IgG production was observed. In contrast, the control CD8(+)-and CD16(+)-enriched cells isolated from the culture without IL-2 showed a weak suppressive effect on PWM-induced IgG synthesis. These results suggest that LAK cells suppress immunoglobulin synthesis by the cytotoxic elimination of activated T cells and B cells.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1989

Intraplatelet and urinary serotonin concentrations in systemic lupus erythematosus with reference to its clinical manifestations.

Intraplatelet and plasma serotonin (5-HT) levels were measured in 39 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and in 15 healthy subjects. Urinary 5-HT concentrations were also measured in 32 patients with SLE and 14 healthy subjects. A significantly lower intraplatelet 5-HT level was observed in SLE patients, especially in the active phase with hypocomplementemia (CH50 less than 30 U/ml), 0.17 +/- 0.09 pmol/10(5) platelets, than that in normal controls, 0.36 +/- 0.14 pmol/10(5) platelets (p less than 0.01). Active SLE showed a significantly higher urinary 5-HT concentration, 0.37 +/- 0.15 nmol/ml/mg Cr, than normal controls, 0.21 +/- 0.08 nmol/ml/mg Cr (p less than 0.01). Serial measurements of intraplatelet and urinary 5-HT levels in five patients with SLE revealed a significant correlation between clinical activity and intraplatelet and urinary 5-HT levels. Exogenous 5-HT uptake by platelets in vitro is not altered in patients with SLE. The mechanism of decrease of intraplatelet 5-HT and increase of urinary 5-HT in SLE may be explained by the continuous activation of the blood coagulation within the vessel.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Systemic administration of IL-2 induces lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells capable of killing macrophages in various tissues.

Murine lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells induced by systemic high-dose recombinant human interleukin 2 (IL-2) administration lysed fresh syngeneic peritoneal macrophages (M phi). LAK cells lysed resident peritoneal M phi and M phi activated in vivo with thioglycollate (TG), Corynebacterium parvum (C. parvum), or Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). The induction of anti-M phi cytolytic activity was seen in the spleen, liver, lung, lymph nodes and peritoneal cavity, but was not observed in the thymus. Fluorescence analysis revealed that the majority of infiltrated cells in the peritoneal cavity of IL-2-administered mice were Thy-1+, asialo GM1+, L3T4-, Ly2-. Surface marker analysis on peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) from IL-2-administered mice with depletion techniques using antibody (Ab) and complement (C) indicated that Thy-1+, asialo GM1+, L3T4-, Ly 2- cells were responsible for anti-M phi lysis. These studies indicate that the in vivo administration of IL-2 induces LAK cells capable of killing M phi in various tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Hypoparathyroidism during alpha-INF therapy in a patient with multiple myeloma.

A 66 year-old woman with multiple myeloma developed hypoparathyroidism during combination chemotherapy with melphalan, prednisolone, and alpha-interferon (INF). Seven weeks after commencement of the therapy, the serum calcium (Ca) level decreased to 7.4 mg/dL, and the phosphorus (P) level increased to 7.2 mg/dL; parathyroid hormone (PTH) was at a critically low level. By 13 weeks after discontinuation of alpha-INF, the levels of Ca, P, and PTH had returned to normal values: 8.6 mg/dL, 4.5 mg/dL, and 310 pg/ml, respectively. These changes suggest a strong correlation between hypoparathyroidism and the administration of alpha-INF. Autoantibodies against the parathyroid gland cell were not present in the serum of this patient by indirect immunofluorescent techniques. The mechanism of hypoparathyroidism by alpha-INF could not be identified, but this is the first case of this condition during alpha-INF therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Bidirectional ductal shunts in the early neonatal period: evaluation by Doppler color flow imaging].

Serial Doppler echocardiographic examinations were performed in 10 normal neonates (0.3-4.0 hrs after birth). The flow patterns through the ductus arteriosus were evaluated using Doppler color flow imaging, pulsed Doppler echocardiography and continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography. At the initial examination, flow through the ductus arteriosus was clearly visualized in all the neonates using Doppler color flow imaging. The ductal flow patterns were categorized as follows: 1. Systolic blue color (right-to-left shunt flow) and diastolic red color (left-to-right shunt flow) in four neonates (group 1). 2. Systolic blue color and diastolic mosaic colors in four neonates (group 2). 3. Continuous mosaic colors in two neonates (group 3). Using pulsed Doppler echocardiography, the systolic right-to-left ductal shunt flow in the groups 1 and 2 was triangular in shape beginning in early systole. The diastolic left-to-right shunt flow was box-like in shape beginning late in systole and lasting long in diastole in the group 1. In the group 2, the diastolic flow showed a wide spectrum (turbulent flow). In the group 3, the flow through the ductus arteriosus had a continuous wide spectrum (turbulent flow). Mosaic or turbulent ductal flow of a left-to-right ductal shunt had high velocities by continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography. Serial examinations revealed that the ductal flow pattern observed in the group 1 changed to the flow pattern observed in the group 2, and then to that of the group 3 with increasing diastolic ductal flow velocities. The estimated aorto-pulmonary pressure gradient according to the simplified Bernoulli equation (delta p = 4V2) using a maximum diastolic left-to-right ductal shunt velocity increased within 12 hrs after birth. It was concluded that bidirectional ductal shunts may be observed in most normal neonates (8/10). With increasing diastolic velocities the bidirectional ductal flows changed to the pattern of a continuous left-to-right shunt. The bidirectional ductal shunt is considered due to physiologic pulmonary hypertension of the newborn and due to less conduction time from the pulmonary valve to the pulmonary end of the ductus than from the aortic valve to the aortic end of the ductus. Analysis of the flow through the ductus provides informations about the neonatal circulatory adaptation, especially in the early neonatal period.

Ductus Arteriosus, Patent↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental studies of anticancer drugs more appropriate for high-dose chemotherapy in bone marrow transplantation and their administration methods].

We studied in rats the anticancer drugs which can utilize more the advantage of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and on their administration ways in high-dose chemotherapy (HC) with BMT. Among six anticancer drugs tested (ACNU, ADR, CY, MMC, VDS, VP-16), a beneficial effect of BMT was observed only with CY and ACNU. In order to increase the beneficial effect of BMT observed with CY and ACNU, the methods of administering these two drugs were carefully designed, and better survival curves were obtained in the following administration groups: 1) (CY 200 mg/kg, days 0 & 1) + BMT greater than (CY 400 mg/kg, day 0) + BMT, (ACNU 20 mg/kg, day 0 & 1) + BMT greater than (ACNU 40 mg/kg, day 0) + BMT. 2) (CY 200 mg/kg + ACNU 20 mg/kg, day 0) + BMT greater than (CY 400 mg/kg or ACNU 40 mg/kg, day 0) + BMT. 3) (CY 200 mg/kg, day 0) + (ACNU 20 mg/kg, day 1) + BMT greater than (ACNU 20 mg/kg, day 0) + (CY 200 mg/kg, day 1) + BMT. Further studies on anticancer drugs more appropriate for HC-BMT and on their administration methods were considered to be very necessary.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of mediastinal schwannoma originating from the intrathoracic vagal nerve].

A 46-years-old man was admitted because of an abnormal shadow on X-ray. The operation underwent under the diagnosis of benign tumor in the antero-superior mediastinum. At the operation, the tumor arise from the right intrathoracic vagal nerve and it was resected with the transection of vagal nerve. The histological diagnosis was schwannoma. Postoperative course was uneventful except the slight hoarseness. Intrathoracic vagal tumor is rare and we have found 19 reported cases among Japanese literatures. This case is considered to be the 20th case originated from the intrathoracic vagal nerve in Japan.

Cranial Nerve Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of allergic granulomatous angitis (AGA) with accompanying gastrointestinal perforations--our case and other cases in Japanese literature].

We present here the case of a patient with allergic granulomatous angitis (AGA) who had two small intestine perforations in a short interval, and we reviewed 11 cases, including our own, of AGA with accompanying gastrointestinal perforations reported so far in Japan. Our case was a twenty-three year old man who had been treated with steroid hormone in an outpatient clinic. He re-entered our hospital complaining of severe abdominal pain. At first admission, there had been no evidence of parasite disease, and this time, we found severe duodenal erosion on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Abdominal angiography revealed stenotic and tapering changes probably due to angitis in both the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries. Steroid pulse therapy was not effective in reducing the severity of abdominal pain, but the administration of a large amount of PGE1 was very effective. In spite of the therapy, the patient had small intestine perforations on his 27th day in hospital and two months thereafter, and was operated on twice. The death rate in AGA patients with accompanying gastrointestinal perforations is relatively high in our country, and 2 out of 11 cases had recurrent perforations. Therefore, it is considered essential to pay great attention to abdominal manifestations in AGA patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis].

A 53-year-old male was admitted because of an abnormal chest roentgenogram showing a solitary tumor shadow in the right upper lung field. Laboratory data was normal. Although examination with the bronchoscope and sputum cytology showed no abnormal findings, a partial resection of the right upper lobe was performed. Microscopic examination of the lesion was cryptococcosis. As another focus was not found by systemic examination, the lesion was disclosed primary pulmonary cryptococcosis. Cryptococcosis is rare but we must think of it when we meet a solitary tumor shadow on the chest roentgenogram.

Cryptococcosis↗
PubMed1988

Serial transplantation of an HTLV-I-transformed hamster lymphoid cell line into hamsters.

A hamster lymphoid cell line, HCT-2, transformed by human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) was serially transplanted for 9 passages in newborn hamsters. A total of 34 newborn hamsters inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 0.2-2 X 10(7) HCT-2 cells developed fatal lymphomas with dissemination to various organs within 5-10 days. The growth of i.p. inoculated HCT-2 cells was found to be dependent on the age of recipients: all 21 suckling hamsters inoculated when aged 5-10 days succumbed to disseminated lymphomas within 6-7 days, while 4 of 12 older hamsters inoculated at the age of 15-25 days developed less extensive disease with signs of tumor regression. To investigate the effect of immunosuppression on host resistance, 3 adult hamsters treated with anti-thymocyte serum were inoculated i.v. with 2-4 X 10(7) HCT-2 cells; all 3 developed fatal leukemias in 5-7 days. Irrespective of whether HCT-2 cells were inoculated into newborn, suckling, or adult hamsters, histopathological findings were similar, with frequent involvement of liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, lymph nodes, blood, and bone marrow. Cells harvested from tumors and peripheral blood of some tumor-bearing hamsters could be readily recultured as cell lines. Chromosome analysis and Southern blot hybridization showed that tumors were caused by growth of HCT-2 cells.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Possible involvement of the central GABAergic system in pentobarbital-stimulated gastric acid secretion in the perfused rat stomach preparation.

The effects of several convulsants and diazepam on pentobarbital-stimulated gastric acid secretion were studied in the perfused stomach of rats under urethane anesthesia. Picrotoxin and pentylenetetrazol, GABA antagonists, and 3-mercaptopropionic acid, an inhibitor of GABA biosynthesis, strongly inhibited the pentobarbital-stimulated gastric acid secretion. The secretory action of pentobarbital was transiently depressed by strychnine, a glycine antagonist, and by bicuculline, a GABA antagonist; vigorous convulsions were observed in these rats. Diazepam had no effect on the pentobarbital-stimulated gastric acid secretion. These findings suggest that the potentiation of central GABAergic mediation by pentobarbital could be a main mechanism involved in pentobarbital-stimulated gastric acid secretion.

3-Mercaptopropionic Acid↗
PubMed1988

The infusion of trieicosapentaenoyl-glycerol into humans and the in vivo formation of prostaglandin I3 and thromboxane A3.

Thirty ml of an emulsion containing 3 g of trieicosapentaenoyl-glycerol (90% pure, containing 5% arachidonic acid (AA)) was infused intravenously in 2 male healthy volunteers. Urine samples were collected for 24 h before and 48 h after the infusion in 5 periods. Urinary metabolites of prostaglandin (PG) I2/3 and thromboxane (TX) A2/3 (PGI2/3-M and TXB2/3-M, respectively) were extracted from the urinary samples and measured by GC-MS. Excretion of PGI3-M was markedly enhanced right after the infusion. Because PGI3 was produced without involvement of intestinal absorption of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), enhanced PGI3 formation was strongly suggested to take place in the vasculature. From the marked increment in TXB2/3-M after the infusion it was calculated that conversion rate of EPA to TXA3 was 8% of that of AA to TXA2 in this in vivo condition.

Emulsions↗
PubMed1988

Inhibition of natural killer cell activity by eicosapentaenoic acid in vivo and in vitro.

To examine the effects of in vivo eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on natural killer (NK) cell activity, C3H/He mice each received a single intraperitoneal bolus of an emulsion of trieicosapentaenoyl-glycerol (EPA-TG). Spleen cells were tested for NK activity using 51Chromium-release assays against YAC-1 target cells. Forty eight hours after injection, NK activity was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. EPA-TG emulsion also inhibited the NK activity of NK-enriched effector cells. Decreased cytotoxicity was first noted 24 hr after injection; it resumed the baseline by 7 days. The addition of EPA-TG emulsion to a cytotoxicity assay system resulted in moderate depression of NK activity. These results demonstrate that EPA has significant immunomodulatory effects on NK activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of pulse wave velocity of the aorta between inhabitants of fishing and farming villages in Japan.

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) of the aorta was measured in 55 inhabitants of fishing villages and in 49 inhabitants of farming villages, where people normally eat less fish than in the fishing villages. The PWV was significantly slower (indicating less sclerosis) in the fishing villages than in the farming villages (P less than 0.005). This is consistent with a lower incidence of ischemic heart disease in a coastal area, which includes the fishing villages, than in a mountainous area, including the farming villages. It is reported that a long-term fish-diet slows down sclerotic changes of arteries.

Adult↗