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Biomedical subjects

S Yano

Publications and source records attributed to S Yano.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

The effect of bile juice reflux on the development of remnant stomach carcinoma.

Experimental studies have revealed that duodenogastric reflux subsequent to gastrectomy was one of the most significant factors for the development of carcinoma in the remnant stomach. For this reason, the binding of carcinogenic agents to the nucleic acids in the gastric mucosa exposed to the duodenal contents were studied using an organ culture method. The intracellular DNA levels bound with carcinogenic agents were significantly increased in the mucosa of the remnant stomach, as compared to the parietal mucosa in the whole stomach. The remnant stomach may therefore provide an environment that enhances the development of cancer.

Bile Reflux↗
PubMed1991

[Computed cranial tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and brain echo imaging in Japanese B encephalitis].

We reported computed cranial tomography (CCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and brain echo imaging in Japanese B encephalitis. The result were assessed in comparison with the clinical feature of the disease. CCT of the three patients showed low density in thalamus and basal ganglia. In two, the lesions were detected in the acute phase, and changed to high density in the chronic phase. Their prognosis was poor, psychomotor delay and paresis persisted. Among the previously reported sixteen patients of Japanese B encephalitis in Japan, the four developed thalamic lesions on CCT and the prognosis was poor in all patients. Brain echo detected the lesions in the acute phase before CCT visualised them clearly. MRI demonstrated thalamic hemosiderin deposits and calcification. These findings were compatible with the pathological findings, or past hemorrhage and organization. The distribution of the lesion were closely connected with the prognosis.

Brain↗
PubMed1991

T-zone lymphoma in association with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and T-zone lymphoma are described. On admission, both showed arthralgia, generalized lymphadenopathy, hypergammaglobulinemia and positive antinuclear antibody. Lymph node biopsies revealed diffuse infiltration of atypical T-lymphocytes in the expanded interfollicular area (T-zone), a finding characteristic for the T-zone lymphoma. Renal biopsy showed lupus nephritis and neoplastic lymphoid cell infiltration in the glomeruli of one patient, but only diffuse infiltration of neoplastic lymphoid cells and mature plasma cells were observed in the interstitium of the other patient. Both patients responded remarkably well to prednisolone (1 mg/kg/day).

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Aortic input impedance in ventricular septal defect].

Aortic input impedance and hydraulic power were measured in patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD). Aortic input impedance consists of the characteristic impedance (index of aortic distensibility) and the terminal impedance (index of peripheral resistance) which represent the left ventricular hydraulic load. The external left ventricular hydraulic power consists of steady power which transmits blood to the peripheral vasculature and pulsatile power which is converted into heat energy. The ratio of pulsatile to total power indicates the efficiency of the arterial system. The present study was carried out on 6 patients with VSD whose Qp/Qs was greater than 2.0 (VSD group) and 10 age-matched controls who had a history of Kawasaki disease without coronary complications at the time of cardiac catheterization (control group). Descending aortic pressure and flow velocity were measured simultaneously at the level of the 10th thoracic vertebra using a multisensor-catheter. Impedance data were calculated from Fourier analysis of these findings. Characteristic impedance did not differ between the 2 groups. Terminal impedance was higher in the VSD group with the increasing peripheral resistance and vascular afterload. The pulsatile component of external hydraulic power was similar in both groups, however, the steady component was lower in the VSD group indicating a higher ratio of pulsatile to total power in the VSD group. In conclusion, vascular afterload was increased and the efficiency of the arterial system was reduced in patients with VSD having large shunts.

Aorta↗
PubMed1991

[Electrocardiographic observations of pure septal infarction: a case report].

We report a very rare case of pure septal infarction, which was closely examined with detailed electrocardiography (ECG). The patient is a 65-year-old man, who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) for exercise-induced angina. During PTCA for the target lesions in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and diagonal branch, a large septal branch originating from the LAD was accidentally and completely occluded. Septal Q waves then disappeared from leads I, V5 and V6, and ST segments were elevated in leads V1 to V3, with concomitant ST depressions in leads I, II, aVF, V5 and V6. It was speculated that the initial electrical potential derived from the central septum may have been lost due to septal infarction, resulting in the disappearance of the septal Q waves. The present case disclosed the role of the interventricular septum in the genesis of septal Q waves in the left precordial leads.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Right ventricular infarction/ischemia with precordial ST elevation: comparison with left ventricular anterior wall infarction].

Acute right ventricular (RV) infarction is sometimes accompanied by precordial ST elevation which is also suggestive of left ventricular (LV) anterior wall infarction. We compared 12-lead electrocardiograms between 2 groups of patients with initial acute myocardial infarction presenting precordial ST elevation, one with RV infarction (n = 11) and the other with LV anterior wall infarction (n = 42). The magnitude and extent of the ST elevation and the positions presenting the maximal ST elevation in the precordial leads differed between the 2 groups. In the inferior and lateral leads, the analysis of the ST segment shift aided in distinguishing between the 2 groups. The specific patterns of intraventricular conduction delay and frontal QRS-axis deviation were also useful for the differentiation. The best electrocardiographic variable for identifying RV infarction was inferior lead ST elevation, followed by maximal precordial ST elevation in lead V1, ST elevation limited to only one precordial lead and a cove-shaped pattern of RV conduction delay. The best electrocardiographic predictor for diagnosing LV anterior wall infarction was an isoelectric or depressed ST-segment in the inferior leads, followed by precordial ST elevation equal to or greater than 5 mm, maximal ST elevation in lead V3 or V4 and ST elevation in the lateral leads. We concluded that systematic analysis of the 12-lead electrocardiograms recorded in the hyperacute stage is valuable for distinguishing between acute RV infarction and LV anterior wall infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Positivities of skin test and IgE rast to allergens in bronchial asthma with normal serum IgE levels].

The positivities of skin test and specific IgE antibodies were studied in 179 asthmatic patients who were divided into three groups according to their serum IgE levels: group L = less than 300 U/ml, group M = 300-700 U/ml, group H = greater than 700 U/ml. 1) The study population was made up as follows: group L 44%, M 28% and H 29%. 2) Skin test positivity was 35% in group L, 74% in M, 92% in H and 14% in the healthy non-asthmatic group. 3) The positivity in IgE RAST was 37% in L, 69% in M and 83% in H. 4) The percentage of patients showing positivity in either skin test or IgE RAST was 37% in L, 76% in M and 92% in H. These results suggest that we should be careful in determining the type of asthma in case of normal serum IgE level.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Biological effects of recombinant erythropoietin, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin 3, and interleukin 6 on purified rat megakaryocytes.

The biological effects of recombinant hematopoietic factors, which are considered to stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis in vitro or in vivo, were studied utilizing purified rat megakaryocytes. Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO), recombinant murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rmGM-CSF), and recombinant murine interleukin 3 (rmIL-3) stimulated both [3H]thymidine and [3H]leucine incorporation into purified rat megakaryocytes. In contrast, recombinant human interleukin 6 (rhIL-6) did not stimulate [3H]thymidine uptake but did increase [3H]leucine incorporation into purified rat megakaryocytes. These in vitro data suggest that DNA synthesis in megakaryocytes may be regulated by EPO, GM-CSF, and IL-3, and that protein synthesis is stimulated by EPO, GM-CSF, IL-3, and IL-6 in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Dual effects of baclofen on gastric acid secretion depending on the basal secretory activity in conscious and anesthetized rats.

Effects of baclofen, a GABAB agonist, on gastric acid secretion were studied from a viewpoint that baclofen may stimulate or inhibit gastric acid secretion depending on the basal secretory activity in conscious or anesthetized rats. In conscious pylorus-ligated rats, baclofen (2-16 mg/kg, s.c.) depressed acid secretion, while in urethane-anesthetized pylorus-ligated rats, baclofen (4-16 mg/kg, s.c.) stimulated acid secretion. Basal acid secretion was much higher in the conscious rats than in the urethane-anesthetized rats. When gastric secretion was measured by the stomach-perfusion method, baclofen (s.c.) significantly increased acid at 2-4 mg/kg in urethane-anesthetized rats but decreased acid at 0.5-2 mg/kg in pentobarbital- and alpha-chloralose-anesthetized rats. Basal acid secretion was markedly higher in the latter rats than in the former. Moreover, baclofen did not affect acid secretion elicited by peripheral vagal stimulation in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized rats. These results suggest that acid secretion is centrally stimulated by baclofen in rats with low basal secretory activity, and vice versa, and moreover, these dual effects are closely associated with tone of the central vagal center.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1991

[A case report of congenital bronchial atresia--a review of 43 cases in Japan].

Our case is a 20 years old man. An abnormal mass shadow and emphysematous lesion were found in the left S3 segment on a chest roentgenogram. A bronchogram revealed a left B3 defect. A complete obstruction of the left B3 bronchi covered with normal mucosa was found with a bronchoscopy. Since the patients suffered repeated respiratory infection, a left S3 segmentectomy was performed. Histological examination showed emphysematous change and the normally developed bronchi containing ciliated epithelium and cartilage. We found that, including this case, there are altogether 44 cases of congenital bronchial atresia in Japan. The literature of those cases was reviewed and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Transport of acid phosphatase to lysosomes does not involve passage through the cell surface.

In foregoing studies, we reported that LGP107, a major lysosomal membrane glycoprotein in the rat liver, distributes in and circulates continuously throughout the endocytic membrane system (endosomes, lysosomes and plasma membrane), in hepatocytes (1,2). In the present study we examined whether acid phosphatase (APase), an enzyme that is transported to lysosomes as a transmembrane protein, passes through the cell surface during intracellular transport, because transport of newly synthesized APase to lysosomes involves the passage of endosomes containing a ligand which is internalized via receptors on the cell surface and is finally dispatched to lysosomes for degradation (3). When localization of APase in rat hepatocytes was investigated by immunoelectron microscopy, APase was found to be localized in lysosomes and endosomes, but not in coated pits on the cell surface, which are positive for LGP107, and from which antibodies for LGP107 are internalized. Further, unlike LGP107, newly synthesized APase was not detected in plasma membranes isolated from livers of rats given [35S]methionine, and when cultured hepatocytes were exposed to 125I-labeled anti APase IgG at 37 degrees C, there was no transfer of the antibody to lysosomes even after 24 h incubation. Therefore, these results indicate that intracellular movement of APase does not involve cell surface passage in rat hepatocytes, and clearly differs from the recent report that human APase is transported to lysosomes via the cell surface in BHK cells transfected with its cDNA (4).

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

Multiple isoelectric variants of copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase from rat liver.

Isoelectric variants of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) have been reported to exist in various organs including rat liver. To elucidate the biochemical characteristics of the variants, rat liver Cu,Zn-SOD was purified and isolated into eight variants, i.e., pI 5.15, 4.88, 4.80, 4.75, 4.70, 4.65, 4.60, and 4.50. The pI 4.88 variant had the highest specific activity (4245 U/mg protein) and the highest yield (45% of original activity). The descending order of specific activity for the other variants was pI 4.80, 4.75, 5.15, 4.70, 4.65, 4.60, and 4.50. The specific activity correlated well with metal content. The specific activity for most variants was 5-9 times greater when determined at pH 10.0 than at pH 7.8. However, three preparations of pI 4.80 and 4.70 variants had 13.9-16.3 times greater specific activity at pH 10.0 versus 7.8, while one of the pI 4.60 variants was only 3.5 times greater. The rate of Coomasie brilliant blue G-250 binding was lowest with pI 4.88 followed by pIs 4.80 and 4.75. To evaluate the mechanisms which might produce these variants, the pI 4.88 variant was incubated with xanthine-xanthine oxidase or a mixture of rat liver microsome, NADPH, and sodium azide, and a shift to variants pI 4.80 and pI 4.75 was found. The shift was greatly inhibited by the presence of mannitol or by the omitting of azide, respectively. The existence of these variants was also confirmed by other methods: (i) direct application of rat liver 105,000g supernatant to an isoelectric focusing, and (ii) extraction of SOD from acetone powder prepared from rat liver homogenate. Results indicate that several variants most likely arise in tissue as a result of activated oxygen radical modification of variant pI 4.88.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Prevention of fatal infections by recombinant human interleukin 1 alpha in normal and anticancer drug-treated mice.

The preventive capability of interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1) against bacterial infections was estimated in normal and anticancer drug-treated BALB/c mice in comparison with OK432, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interferons alpha and gamma, and interleukin 2. Pretreatment with IL-1 (days -4 and -2) resulted in a significantly higher survival rate in normal mice inoculated i.p. with Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Listeria monocytogenes (day 0). The i.p. and s.c. administrations of IL-1 were equally effective for the induction of antibacterial resistance. Pretreatment with OK432 showed an equal degree of resistance to i.p. infection but was effective only by i.p. administration. Enhanced antibacterial resistance by IL-1 and OK432 was also observed in cyclophosphamide- and aminomethylpyrimidinylmethylchloroethylnitrosourea hydrochloride-pretreated (day -5) normal hosts and in cyclophosphamide-treated tumor-bearing hosts. In the case of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (i.p. or s.c.) (days -4 to -1), a statistical difference in survival rate between granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and its vehicle-treated groups was observed in cyclophosphamide-pretreated hosts, but not in normal hosts or aminomethylpyrimidinylmethylchloroethylnitrosourea hydrochloride-pretreated hosts. Viable bacteria in the peritoneal cavity and blood at 12 h after i.p. infection of K. pneumoniae correlated well with the survival rate. In IL-1-pretreated hosts, the earlier and increased accumulation of neutrophils into peritoneal cavity after the infection was observed and the number of inflammatory cells in peritoneal cavity correlated well with the survival rate. The enhanced resistance to bacterial infection by IL-1 was suggested to be in part due to the enhanced cellular defense mechanisms. The prophylactic administration of IL-1 would be beneficial for the management of serious infections in cancer patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Differences in in vitro proliferative responsiveness to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 2 of bone marrow cells from mice treated with chemotherapeutic drugs.

The toxicity effects of several anticancer drugs on normal mouse bone marrow (BM) were estimated using the in vitro proliferative responsiveness [( 3H]thymidine incorporation) of the treated BM cells to recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and recombinant human interleukin 2 (IL-2). From the response pattern of the treated BM cells to G-CSF and IL-2, the anticancer drugs were classified into three groups: (a) BM cells from cyclophosphamide- or nimustine hydrochloride-treated mice showed an increased responsiveness to G-CSF but a decreased responsiveness to IL-2; (b) BM cells from vindesine- or peplomycin-treated mice showed an increased responsiveness to both G-CSF and IL-2; and (c) BM cells from mitomycin C-treated mice showed a decreased responsiveness to both G-CSF and IL-2. These different response patterns may reflect qualitative differences in the myelotoxicity effects of these anticancer drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Lysosomal acid phosphatase is transported via endosomes to lysosomes.

Involvement of endosomes in transport of newly synthesized acid phosphatase to lysosomes was investigated using the Golgi fraction (GF1 + 2), enriched in endosomes. The Golgi fraction (GF1 + 2) was prepared from the livers of rats given [35S]methionine and asialofetuin conjugated-horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Newly synthesized acid phosphatase in the endosomes containing internalized asialofetuin-HRP was measured as a loss of the detectable labeled enzyme after 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and H2O2 reaction, due to formation of insoluble polymers which reduce protein antigenicity. With this procedure, acid phosphatase was all but undetectable in the Golgi fraction. Thus, newly synthesized acid phosphatase is apparently transported to lysosomes by endosomes.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

[Antitumor responses after reinfusion of autologous plasma perfused over immobilized protein A: a study in patients at advanced stages of cancer].

Four patients at advanced stages of cancer (Pts.#1 and #4; breast adenocarcinoma, Pt.#2; rectal adenocarcinoma, and Pt.#3; adenocarcinoma possibly originated in the pancreas) received reinfusions of plasma perfused over protein A columns (IMURé Corporation; Seattle, Wa., U.S.A.). The treatment schedule was essentially the same as was reported by "the Protein A Clinical Trial Group" (Messerschmidt, G. L., et al.). Twice a week, patients received 230-250 ml of protein A-treated plasma. No other anticancer modality was employed. Pt.#1 received only one treatment due to increased general malaise. Pts.#2 and #4 completed 12 and Pt.#3 received 13 plasma-therapies. General malaise on the day after plasma return was a common untoward effect, which usually disappeared spontaneously in 48 hours. Pt.#2 experienced chills during the first two plasma returns. Pt.#3 complained dyspnea at the 6th treatment. Otherwise, no serious adverse effect was observed. No remarkable changes were obvious in the profile of daily blood chemistry. Tumor ulcerated to the chest wall in Pt.#1 appeared to be dried and, in parts, to be edematous or have reduced the size 16 hours after the first plasma therapy, while no changes were obvious in the skin adjacent to the tumor. In Pts.#2 and #4, there appeared to be tumors were isolated at palpation. Ascites was reduced in Pt.#3. Increases in tumor markers were retarded in Pts.#2 (CEA) and #4 (CA15-3). CA19-9 in Pts.#3 and #4 did not increase during the perfusion therapy. Histology of tumor obtained from Pt.#4 six weeks after completion of the protocol revealed disruption of the tumor structure, necrosis of the tumor cells and increased deposit of fibrous materials. No objective reduction in the tumor sizes was achieved in any of the patients, and the overall result was "PD". It appeared to be full of suggestions, however, that the autologous plasma in such amounts of 230 ml or 3,000 ml did, after extra-corporeal manipulation, cause some changes in the tumor as were revealed by macroscopic and microscopic observations.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Type-C virus-like particles in a human B-cell lymphoma cell line.

Type-C virus-like particles (VLPs) were found in an Epstein-Barr (EB) virus-infected human B-cell lymphoma cell line, SP-50B, that was established from a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The cell line continuously produces a small number of type-C VLPs, 150-200 nm in diameter, over 1 year. SP-50B cells were negative for HTLV-I and HTLV-II antigens and did not contain the HTLV-I genome. In addition, two EB virus nuclear antigen (EBNA)-positive B-cell lines, SP-54-Cord and SP-57-CLL, were established from human cord blood and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), respectively, by coculture with lethally irradiated SP-50B cells. Type-C VLPs with the same morphology were also found in both cell lines.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗