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Biomedical subjects

S Yamazaki

Publications and source records attributed to S Yamazaki.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of glucose on antiviral activity of interferon.

Glucose was found to impair the antiviral activity of rabbit interferon (IFN) in RK-13 cells. This impairment was dependent on the glucose concentration: A pronounced impairment was observed at the concentration of 30 mg of glucose/ml, the maximum concentration which produced neither morphological changes of cells nor diminution of overall macromolecular synthesis. Maximal impairment was seen when glucose was added to the IFN-treated RK-13 cells early during the development of antiviral activity. Furthermore, glucose decreased the extent of induction of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase by IFN. Of six different monosaccharides examined, only fructose had the same anti-IFN effect as glucose.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase↗
PubMed1986

Conformations of fibroblast and E. coli-derived recombinant human interferon-beta s as studied by nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism.

The conformations of fibroblast and E. coli-derived recombinant human interferon-beta s were studied by circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the acidic pH region of 4.6 to 1.6. Both interferons have very similar conformations with high alpha-helix contents (approximately 70%). These results suggest that glycosylation does not appreciably change the conformation of human interferon-beta. Moreover, a slow conformational change is observed below pH 2.0, which induces the disruption of beta-sheets.

Circular Dichroism↗
PubMed1986

Purification and characterization of chick interferon induced by viruses.

Chick interferon (IFN), produced in primary chick embryo (CE) cells stimulated by u.v.-irradiated Newcastle disease virus, was partially purified by two-step chromatography using both controlled pore glass and Blue Sepharose. The specific activity of the IFN increased about 500-fold by this method and the final recovery from starting material was more than 95%. The partially purified IFN was analysed by SDS-PAGE, and two peaks of IFN activity were observed. The molecular weight represented by the sharp peak was estimated to be 18 000 (18K) and a broad peak was found at 20K to 30K. Glycosidase treatment before SDS-PAGE resulted in disappearance of the broad peak and increased the activity of the 18K peak. Anti-CE IFN rabbit serum and a monoclonal antibody against the CE IFN neutralized the antiviral activity of all IFN samples prepared under various conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Clinical features of aluminum-associated bone disease in long-term hemodialysis patients.

We encountered 11 patients with aluminum-associated bone disease (AABD), and treated them with deferoxamine (DFO). In 3 patients, a second bone biopsy was done during DFO treatment. Clinical features of AABD were compared with surgically proven secondary hyperparathyroidism (2 degrees HPT) with osteitis fibrosa on X-ray. Patients with AABD had disabling bone pain. This disease showed radiological signs ranging from normal, localized bone atrophy, to multiple fractures. It was characterized by increased soft tissue activity and localized abnormal uptake of 99mTc-MDP, detected by skeletal scintigrams. Patients with AABD had low levels of parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase, but high aluminum (Al) levels compared to those with 2 degrees HPT. Serum Al increased after DFO administration, and the patients improved both clinically and histologically. 1-alpha-Hydroxyvitamin D3 (1-alpha-OH D3) was not effective for AABD. We concluded that the administration of antacids containing Al should be minimized in dialysis patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[General pharmacological action of 4-(o-benzylphenoxy)-N-methylamine hydrochloride (bifemelane hydrochloride, MCI-2016)--influence on the central nervous system].

General pharmacological action of 4-(o-Benzylphenoxy)-N-methylbutylamine hydrochloride (bifemelane hydrochloride, MCI-2016) was examined with regard to the effects mainly on the central nervous system. MCI-2016, at 30-100 mg/kg, p.o., only showed a weak sleep prolongation effect (mice), anti-convulsant action (mice) and a moderate facilitation of exploratory behavior, but produced no remarkable behavioral changes. Above the doses of 200 to 300 mg/kg, p.o., MCI-2016 produced a decrease in muscle or body tone, mydriasis and a slight decrease of locomotor activity. The drug, however, showed little influence on exploratory behavior, conditioned avoidance response and normal body temperature (rats). Normal body temperature in rabbits was also little affected by MCI-2016. Effects on EEG was characterized by moderate activation of spontaneous EEG and potentiation of arousal response by stimulation of the midbrain reticular formation (1.5-5 mg/kg, i.v.). The drug, however, did not significantly change the sleep-wakefulness cycle and REM-sleep in rats. MCI-2016 also showed little influence on spinal reflex potentials and neuromuscular junction at high doses (10 mg/kg, i.v.). These results may indicate that MCI-2016 has slight influence on overall behavioral and motor changes. Effects of MCI-2016 on acetic acid-induced writhing, carrageenin edema and corneal reflex were also examined. MCI-2016 showed moderate analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions at 50-100 mg/kg, p.o., and also showed local anesthetic action. The duration of local anesthetic action was relatively long but the drug produced no local damage.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1986

[General pharmacological action of 4-(o-benzylphenoxy)-N-methylbutylamine hydrochloride (MCI-2016, bifemelane hydrochloride). Influence on respiratory and cardiovascular systems, renal function, autonomic nervous system, isolated smooth muscle and digestive organs].

MCI-2016 at 3 mg/kg, i.v., caused slight changes in systemic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and ECG but at 10 mg/kg, i.v., it caused a significant increase in RR, decrease in SBP, increase or decrease in HR and a moderate change in ECG. Biphasic changes in SBP, HR and blood flow were sometimes observed after high doses. MCI-2016 also decreased SBP at 30 mg/kg, i.p., in SHR. MCI-2016 (50 mg/kg, p.o./day) showed little influence on SBP, HR and ECG in conscious beagle dogs. In isolated hearts, MCI-2016 decreased HR and contractility at the concentrations above 10(-5) g/ml, and 30 micrograms, i.a. MCI-2016 prolonged the AVCT at 10 mg/kg, i.v. MCI-2016 (i.v. or i.a.) moderately increased cerebral and femoral artery blood flows. MCI-2016 did not change CMRO2, but decreased MVO2. Coronary and renal artery flows were moderately increased by 10 mg/kg, i.v., of MCI-2016. Renal function was suppressed after 10 mg/kg, i.v., or 300 mg/kg, p.o., of MCI-2016. MCI-2016 potentiated the action of NE (increase in SBP, contractions of nictitating membrane and vas deferens), but showed little anti-cholinergic action. In contrast, MCI-2016 moderately increased gastrointestinal motility and salivatory response. As for the influence on isolated smooth muscles, MCI-2016 antagonized the contraction of blood vessels by high K+ at 10(-6) g/ml, or more, and it depressed the contractions by ACh, 5-HT, histamine and BaCl2 and also depressed spontaneous movements of uterus and ileum at 10(-5) M or more, in a nonspecific manner. MCI-2016 had no influence on liver damage and bile secretion, but inhibited stress ulcer and gastric acid secretion on the one hand, and caused gastric damage (125 mg/kg p.o., or more) on the other hand.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[General pharmacological action of tritoqualine (TRQ; (+/-)-(R*)-7-amino-4, 5, 6-triethoxy-3-[(R*)-5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydro-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1, 3-dioxolo [4, 5-g] isoquinolin-5-yl] phthalide].

The general pharmacological action of TRQ was investigated, and the following results were obtained: With regard to its influence on the central nervous system, TRQ moderately potentiated the actions of hexobarbital (sleeping time) and methamphetamine (stereotyped behavior) at doses above 100 mg/kg, p.o. TRQ, however, had little influence on behavioral changes, EEG and motor function. TRQ only had slight influence on the respiratory and cardiovascular system at doses ranging from 0.1 to 3 mg/kg, i.v. Significant decrease in SBP and increases of HR, FAF and respiratory rate were observed after high doses (10-30 mg/kg, i.v.) of TRQ. TRQ also had little influence on contractility and pacemaker in isolated hearts, but moderately increased the coronary flow. The inhibitory effect of TRQ on the isolated smooth muscle was observed at high concentration and was non-specific. Furthermore, TRQ exhibited little influence on the autonomic nervous system. Among the effects of TRQ on the gastrointestinal system, it was shown that TRQ moderately increased the outflow of bile after doses above 1 mg/kg, i.v. TRQ also showed no remarkable actions on other aspects of the gastrointestinal system and blood coagulation system. Considering the present results, it may be suggested that there should be no serious problems in the application of TRQ as a hepatoprotective agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Proposal of standardized methods and reference for assaying recombinant human tumor necrosis factor.

Two assay methods for recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rH-TNF) were developed, one a biological L-cell assay and the other an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The accuracy and reproducibility of each and the correlation between the two were studied. As a result of this investigation, the two assay methods were found appropriate for standardization of rH-TNF. A freeze-dried reference was prepared, and examination of its potency and stability showed it to be suitable for use as a reference standard for rH-TNF assays.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[A case of cholangiocarcinoma and dysgerminoma associated with Turner's syndrome].

A rare case of cholangiocarcinoma and dysgerminoma synchronously associated with Turner's syndrome was reported. A 53-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital on July 12, 1984 due to intrahepatic and left inguinal tumors. Physical examination revealed the typical characteristics of Turner's syndrome. The karyotype from myelocyte and fibrocyte culture was interpreted as 45, X. The resected intrahepatic tumor was cholangiocarcinoma that had invaded to the transverse mesocolon and the duodenum, while the inguinal lesion was dysgerminoma derived from a dysgenetic gonad. As far as we have been able to ascertain through our investigations of the literature on malignant disease in Turner's syndrome, the association of cholangiocarcinoma with Turner's syndrome has not been reported previously.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1985

Computer-analyzed EEG before and after bypass surgery. Quantification by a computerized wave form recognition method.

Chronological changes of the EEG before and after extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass surgery were studied on 12 patients with minor completed stroke of the carotid circulation. Instead of a power spectrum used in the conventional computer analysis, a wave form recognition method, which well correlated with visual assessment of the EEG, was applied to the present computer analysis of the EEG. The EEG changed mainly in the parietal, occipital, anterior and middle temporal records of the affected cerebral hemisphere. Deterioration of the EEG continued until 1 month, and improved gradually during 3 and 6 months after the operation. However, it was difficult to conclude that the EEG improved by surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Bacterial gene expression and biotechnology.

This brief review article has been intended to give a few up-to-date examples of the dramatic impact that our knowledge of gene expression (especially bacterial gene expression) has had in the area of biotechnology. This area is in a state of such rapid growth that it has only been possible to present a limited overview of the subject matter. We have tried to illustrate our points with examples from work in which we have had some direct involvement. It should be apparent that continued increase in our understanding of gene expression should provide additional opportunities for expanded application of the new methodology.

Bacteria↗