Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Yamada

Publications and source records attributed to S Yamada.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Big insulin-like growth factor II-producing hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hypoglycemia.

A 76-year-old female with a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was hospitalized because of fasting hypoglycemia. Her sera contained a low concentration of immunoreactive insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, while the IGF-II level was normal. However, most of the IGF-II consisted of the high molecular weight form (big IGF-II). The tumor tissue contained fetal type of IGF-II mRNA (6.0 kb). Furthermore, we found that one of the four patients examined with HCV-related HCC had big IGF-II in serum. This indicates that non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH) in HCV-related HCC might be accompanied by production of big IGF-II by the tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in children with lower respiratory tract infections.

The incidence of antibody and the clinical features of Chlamydia pneumoniae (C.pneumoniae) infection have not been studied in children in Japan. We investigated the incidence of C.pneumoniae antibody in sera from 580 healthy children (including 30 umbilical cord blood samples) during the 2-year period between June 1992 and June 1994. The antibody titer was determined by a microimmunofluorescence (MIF) test by using the elementary body of C.pneumoniae TW-183 as the antigen. Umbilical cord blood samples were positive for the antibody in 50% of newborns tested at birth. The incidence of positivity decreased to 0% in 1-year-old children. It was still low in children up to 5 years of age and then increased rapidly in children 6 years of age or older. The positivity reached increased rapidly in children 6 years of age or older. The positivity reached 55% in 7-year-old children and remained at this level in children older than 7 years of age. High antibody titer (IgG > or = 512), indicating recent infection, was observed in 13 (2.2%) of the 580 children, two of whom showed no symptoms. We detected the pathogen in throat swabs by culture and capillary polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and determined IgM and IgG serum titers to C.pneumoniae in 130 children with lower respiratory tract infection (91 with pneumonia and 39 with bronchitis) between December 1993 and December 1994. The infection due to C.pneumoniae was confirmed in 10 (7.7%). Of these, 7 were boys and 3 were girls, ranging in age from 9 months to 12 years. The clinical manifestations of the infection were mild symptoms like in common cold; post-nasal discharge, hoarseness and prolonged cough were relatively characteristic. There was no significant difference in the incidence of serum positivity between the healthy children group and the patients group. The present study suggests that primary-schoolers show antibodies for C.pneumoniae with nearly the same frequency as adults. Mild clinical symptoms are very common in C.pneumoniae infections in children as in adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Gastric blood flow in ulcer diseases.

BACKGROUND: Gastric blood circulation maintains the structure and functions of the stomach, and thereby is closely associated with the pathogenesis and the healing of gastrointestinal lesions. Gastric mucosal blood flow, regulated by systemic neural and humoral factors, is also modified by local metabolic factors such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes. PAF and other endogenous chemical mediators in mucosa. Endothelium-derived factors that are produced by vascular endothelial cells, inducing relaxation or contraction of the blood vessels, are also recognized as basic mediators that regulate the circulation in the stomach. RESULTS: The regionally disturbed gastric circulation in combination with the presence of acid is closely associated with the pathogenesis of NSAIDs and ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Blood flow and oxygenation in the surface mucosa surrounding the peptic ulcer change during healing, depending on the quality of the ulcer healing process: an increased blood circulation with increased oxygen supply to the ulcer margin is important for rapid ulcer healing shown by reflectance spectrophotometry. Factors altering the blood flow during the ulcer healing are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Catheter-related infections by Hansenula anomala in children.

During August and September, 1992, we experienced 4 cases of Hansenula anomala (H. anomala, synonym Pichia anomala) fungemia in immunocompromised patients. Two patients had been suffering from a malignant disease, 3 of them had received broad-spectrum antibiotics and a central venous catheter (CVC) had been inserted in all of them. H. anomala was isolated as the sole pathogen from all 4 patients. Three of them responded favorably to fluconazole after withdrawal of the catheter, but one failed. H. anomala should be considered as a possible cause of catheter-related infections.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗
PubMed1995

Differential mRNA regulation of integrin subunits alpha V, beta 1, beta 3, and beta 5 during mouse embryonic organogenesis.

Cell interactions with extracellular matrices play important roles in morphogenetic processes during embryonic development. Extracellular matrix receptors of the integrin family have been implicated in these steps. Recent studies indicate that a variety of integrins can be differentially expressed during development, consistent with diverse roles for integrins in embryogenesis. The present study compares the expression patterns of several major members of the alpha V integrin subfamily, focusing on mRNA expression of alpha V, beta 1, beta 3, and beta 5 subunits during mouse embryonic organogenesis using Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization. The alpha V and beta 1 subunits showed widespread tissue expression, although most tissues expressed alpha V at relatively low or basal levels. The mRNA for beta 5 was also expressed in a variety of embryonic organs and showed unusual localization patterns in certain organs. Striking, high-level expression of beta 5 transcripts was detected in the ependymal layer of the central nervous system, glomeruli of the kidney, epicardial region of the heart, and in the tooth germs, suggesting specific functions for this molecule during morphogenetic events in these organs. In contrast, few beta 3 transcripts were expressed during mid-gestation mouse embryogenesis except in megakaryocytes within the embryonic liver. These observations of differing expression spectra suggest that members of the alpha V integrin subfamily have distinct roles and also suggests that they have different transcriptional regulation. The beta 5 integrin is unique in its degree of tissue-specific mRNA regulation associated with morphogenesis of embryonic organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Treatment of stone street after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of staghorn calculi].

During ESWL monotherapy for staghorn calculi, the formation of a stone street in the ureter is often encountered, and can be a troublesome problem. At the Komaki Shimin Hospital, 75 patients with staghorn calculi were treated with ESWL monotherapy using a Dornier HM-3 lithotriptor between October 1987 and August 1992. Among them, three patients had involvement of both collecting systems. An indwelling double J catheter was always inserted during treatment. Our strategy for the treatment of stone street was as follows; observation was initially performed for one month after ESWL, as long as pyelonephritis and/or complete obstruction did not occur. In the patients without any improvement of the stone street, TUL or ESWL was then performed for removal. A stone street (stone fragments extending > or = 4 cm) was formed in 38 of 78 renal units (49%). In 14 cases (37%), it disappeared spontaneously. TUL was required in 14 unit (37%), ESWL in eight units (21%), and both procedures in two units (5%). In one unit (3%), renal function was severely damaged. In another unit, ureteric perforation occurred during the TUL procedure, and caused stone loss outside the ureter. To clarify the factors causing stone street, we compared the number of shock waves, the size of the stones, the severity of hydronephrosis and renal function in stone street formers and non-formers. However there were no significant differences among these factors. In conclusion, since it is impossible to predict stone street formation after ESWL monotherapy for staghorn calculi, patency of the indwelling double J catheter should be maintained and stone removal should be attempted after one month if necessary.

Calcium Oxalate↗
PubMed1995

[The efficacy of endopyeloureterotomy via a transpelvic extraureteral approach].

To evaluate the efficacy of endopyeloureterotomy via a transpelvic extraureteral approach for the treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction or upper ureteric stenosis, we analysed the results of 85 patients treated with this procedure between Aug. 1988 and June 1993. Eighty-five patients underwent 87 procedures. Each patient has been followed-up more than 6 months postoperatively. Of 87 procedures, 71 were performed in patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction and 16 were in patients with stenosis of the upper third ureter. Primary disease was 59 and secondary disease was 28. Twenty-one procedures were performed in patients with the stenotic segment over 2 cm. The operative procedure was performed by first incising with a 22 Fr. urethrotome (ACMI Co.); the dilated renal pelvic or ureteral wall posterolaterally as long as 1-1.5 cm junction from the stenotic segment toward ureteropelvic junction, then bringing the urethrotome out retroperitoneally through the incision and finally incising the stenotic segment with the cold knife under direct vision. A 12-16 Fr. PTCS tube (Sumitomo Behkuraito Co.) was left in place for 3 weeks as a stent. Mean operative time was 101 min and average length of incised segment was 3.7 cm. Complication included pneumothorax (1 case), pseudo ureter (1 case) and renal arterial anexryma (1 case). Followed-up period ranged from 6 to 64 months with the average being 26 months. Of 87 procedures, 80 (92%) achieved a disappearance or improvement of the obstructive change and 7 failed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The study of chemotherapy via the reservoir to colo-rectal cancer patients with liver metastases].

From January 1986 to December 1994, we administered intra-arterial chemotherapy via the reservoir to 26 colo-rectal cancer patients with liver metastases. The protocol of this chemotherapy was administration of ADM 30 mg/body/4 wks, MMC 10 mg/body/2 wks and 5-FU 500 mg/body/2 wks. Responses to this chemotherapy were PR in 8 cases, NC 3 cases, PD 14 cases and unknown 1 case. The rate of response was 32.0%. Side effects were shown in 12 cases (46.2%), and trouble with the reservoir in 5 cases (20.8%). Survival times of patients were from 5 months to 42 months (average 13.6). We think that this intra-arterial chemotherapy via the reservoir was effective for patients with liver metastases from colo-rectal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A case of closed head injury with diffuse axonal injury, and oculomotor nerve avulsion and midbrain infarction].

We report an autopsy case of 66-year-old woman with closed head injury due to a fall from stairs. She had recovered after a half day period of coma following the fall. Severe right peripheral oculomotor nerve palsy was noted from the beginning. MRI demonstrated lesions in the corpus callosum and right midbrain. She had died of suffocation due to sputum impaction after 50 hours after the fall. Autopsy examination revealed traumatic subarachnoidal hemorrhage, partial tearing and petechial hemorrhage of the corpus callosum, and many axonal retraction balls scattered in the cerebral white matter. Avulsion of the right oculomotor nerve root and fresh midbrain infarct with hemorrhage in the territory of right paramedian artery were observed. Axonal retraction balls were densely distributed in the periphery of midbrain infarct. The distribution pattern of axonal retraction balls in the cerebrum was similar to that of damage due to shear strain in Holbourn's gelatin model of closed head injury. The midbrain infarct and oculomotor nerve avulsion may be due to both mechanical and ischemic damage during and after the fall. All of the lesions described above may be closely related to the rotatory force from the right forehead.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Successful resection and repair of the superior vena cava and right atrium in a patient with invasive thymoma].

A 45-year-old female, who suffered from Superior Vena Cava (SVC) syndrome, was diagnosed as invasive thymoma by means of trans-sternal aspiration cytology (TSAC). After preoperative radiotherapy and two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, she underwent radical tumor resection combined with partial resection of both SVC and the right atrium followed by pericardial patch repair under the cardiopulmonary bypass. Complete resection is the most important procedure for the therapy of invasive thymoma, even if the tumor is in advanced stage invading to large vessels such as SVC. As far as our knowledges are concerned, complete resection of invasive thymoma combined with partial resection of the right atrium is very rare. Our case shows that partial resection of the right atrium is not risky operative procedure, if the invaded lesion of the right atrial wall is localized at the antero-lateral side to which the sinus node and the conducting system is not close. And we chose pericardial patch repair for the large defect of SVC. This patch repair was good method in this case because the blood flow through the Azygos vein was well maintained. We would also like to emphasize that TSAC is useful diagnostic procedure for the mediastinal mass lesion to which transcutaneous aspiration using the ultrasound or CT scan as a guide is impossible.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Pathophysiology of tethered cord syndrome.

Tethered cord syndrome, manifested by motor and sensory dysfunction and incontinence, is caused by excessive tension in the lumbosacral cord. The underlying mechanism is related to impairment of oxidative metabolism in this region. This theory is derived from redox changes of cytochrome a, a3, and supported by spinal cord blood flow, evoked potential, and histological studies. The well-known finding of elongated spinal cord attached to the tight filum or a tumor is not always demonstrated in imaging studies, and understanding of pathophysiology allows physicians to correctly diagnose and treat patients with tethered cord syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Modulation of B-cell abnormalities in lupus-prone (NZB x NZW)F1 mice by normal bone marrow-derived B-lineage cells.

(NZB x NZW)F1(NZB/WF1) mice spontaneously develop an autoimmune disease characterized by abnormality of haemopoietic stem cells. The present study examined a possible regulatory cell interaction between NZB/WF1 and normal bone marrow cells using radiation-induced chimeras. We demonstrated that the ability of NZB/WF1 bone marrow cells to transfer the typical disease with hypergammaglobulinemia including autoantibodies into lethally irradiated normal recipients was prevented by cotransfer of bone marrow from normal CBA/J mice but not from xid CBA/N mice carrying a selective defect in B-cell function. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the generation of NZB/WF1 cells was reduced in the mixed chimeras given CBA/J but not CBA/N bone marrow cells. Interestingly, radiation chimeras reconstituted with a mixture of NZB/WF1 bone marrow and CBA/J splenic B cells did not show elevation of serum immunoglobulin levels, although most of the spleen cells were dominated by NZB/WF1 cells. On the other hand, NZB/WF1 B cells maturated in vivo in the presence of CBA/J bone marrow or splenic B cells lost the hyper-responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the autoantibody production in vitro. These results suggest that radiosensitive normal B-lineage cells have the regulatory activity to ameliorate the hypergammaglobulinemia of NZB/WF1 mice by reducing the generation of NZB/WF1 B cells and/or by correcting their hyper-responsiveness, and that NZB/WF1 mice may have a defect(s) in the regulatory cell function. In addition, CBA/J splenic B cells were shown to modulate the B-cell abnormality even when injected into non-irradiated NZB/WF1 mice manifesting autoimmunity.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Vibration dose, disturbance stage, and examination results and subjective symptoms in vibration syndrome.

The 1973 national survey of 461 chainsaw operators in private forests was reexamined with respect to vibration exposure dose and the Stockholm Workshop Scale (CIRP and SN stages). Vibration dose (VD) was calculated by the formula "ahw(eq.4h) x D (days) x Y (years)". Vibration dose index (VDI) was calculated according to the level of VD. Subjects were divided into five VDI, for CIRP stage, and four SN stage groups. Examination results and prevalence of subjective symptoms were compared between VDI-1 and other VDI groups, CIRP-0 and other CIRP groups, and SN-0 and other SN groups. VD had higher values in CIRP-2 and 3, and SN-2 and 3 than CIRP-0 and SN-0, respectively. The most severe CIRP-3 and SN-3 appeared at higher rate in VDI-4 and 5 groups than in VDI-1 group. VDI had a correlation with mean value of prevalence of CIRP, vibrotactile perception, mean SN stage and fingertip pinch strength. A correlation was observed between skin temperature and CIRP stage, and between vibrotactile perception and SN stage. Decrease of muscle strength and difficulty in fine finger movement were associated with severe sensorineural disturbance.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Transurethral ureteroscopic ureterotomy assisted by a prior balloon dilation for relieving ureteral strictures.

We developed a procedure to correct ureteral obstruction that consists of transurethral ureteroscopic balloon dilation of the stenotic segment followed by a ureteroscopic ureterotomy. Since February 1989 we treated 20 ureters in 19 patients with upper urinary tract obstruction, with an 85% success rate. Stenosis was primary in 4 patients, and secondary to a prior operation in 10, calculi in 4 and endometriosis in 2. The stenotic segment was pretreated with balloon dilation through an 11.5F rigid ureteroscope and then incised using a 12F optical ureterotome equipped with a cold knife. Thereafter, a 12F Double-J* catheter was left in situ for 6 weeks. Followup ranged from 4 to 55 months (mean 18). In these 19 patients obstruction resolved completely in 8 (8 ureters) and partially in 8 (9 ureters). Postoperatively, the obstruction remained unchanged in 2 patients and 1 experienced injury to the common iliac artery during the procedure. Our findings suggest that this procedure may prove beneficial in treating obstructive ureteral diseases.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1995

[Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies of SY5555 in the pediatric field].

Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on SY5555, a new oral penem, were carried out, and the following results were obtained. 1. MICs were determined for 6 drugs, SY5555, clavulanic acid/amoxicillin (CVA/AMPC), cefaclor (CCL), cefotiam (CTM), cefpodoxime (CPDX), cefdinir (CFDN) against 20 strains of bacteria isolated from patients who were subsequently treated with SY5555. MICs of SY5555 for Gram-positive cocci ranged from 0.05 to 0.10 microgram/ml against 10 strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The MIC was < or = 0.025 microgram/ml against one strain of Streptococcus pyogenes, and MICs were from < or = 0.025 to 0.39 microgram/ml against Streptococcus pneumoniae. These MIC values were equivalent or superior to those of the other 5 drugs. MICs of SY5555 for Gram-negative bacilli were 0.39 and 6.25 micrograms/ml against Haemophilus influenzae, and these values were equivalent to those of the other drugs, except CPDX. The MIC of SY5555 was 0.39 microgram/ml against 2 strains of Escherichia coli, and this value was equivalent or superior to those of CVA/AMPC and CCL, similar or inferior to those of CPDX and CFDN, and inferior to that of CTM. The MICs of several drugs were determined for 10 strains of Bordetella pertussis and 30 strains of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from patients before this clinical study. The MICs of SY5555 against the 10 strains of B. pertussis were compared with those of 7 drugs, CCL, CTM, CPDX, ampicillin (ABPC), piperacillin (PIPC), imipenem (IPM) and erythromycin (EM). The MIC of SY5555 was 0.78 microgram/ml against all of the strains. This value was superior to those of CCL, CTM and CPDX, similar or inferior to that of IPM and inferior to those of PIPC and EM. The MICs of SY5555 against the 30 strains of C. jejuni were compared with those of 7 drugs. CCL, CTM, CPDX, CFDN, ABPC, IPM and EM, and the MIC of SY5555 was < or = 0.025 microgram/ml or 0.05 microgram/ml and these values were equivalent or superior to those of the 7 reference drugs. 2. SY5555 dry syrup was administered orally at 30 min. after meals, to a total of 5 patients, at doses of 5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg to 2 patients each and at a dose of 15.0 mg/kg to one patient and the plasma concentrations were determined. Peak concentrations were detected 1 to 3 hours after administration in all patients and the peak concentrations were 0.93 and 1.21 micrograms/ml at the 5.0 mg/kg dose, 2.85 and 5.49 micrograms/ml at the 10.0 mg/kg dose and 5.79 micrograms/ml at the 15.0 mg/kg dose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗