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Biomedical subjects

S Y So

Publications and source records attributed to S Y So.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Rapid diagnosis of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis by fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed on 65 patients suspected of having active pulmonary tuberculosis, who were either sputum smear-negative or had no sputum to test. Bronchial aspirate was smear positive in 25 of 65 patients (38%); postbronchoscopy sputum was smear positive in 15 of 60 (37%) and there was bronchial biopsy evidence of tuberculosis in 33 of 57 (58%). Biopsy was particularly useful; it provided the exclusive diagnosis in 12% of cases. When the 3 methods were combined, a diagnosis of tuberculosis was made within 3-4 days in 42 of 65 patients (65%). Taking culture results into consideration, we made a definitive diagnosis in 61 of 65 patients (94%). Thirteen patients had atypical radiographic shadows and 7 had unsuspected co-existing bronchogenic carcinoma. No major complication developed after bronchoscopy. Our results are compared with those of 3 other reported series.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1982

Effect of calcium antagonists on allergen-induced asthma.

The protective effect of inhaled verapamil (estimated dose 2 . 4 mg) and sub-lingual nifedipine (20 mg) against allergen-induced asthma were each assessed by the administration of calcium antagonists 30 min before bronchial provocation tests using Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extracts on eight young perennial asthmatics. Neither drug changed the basal forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) or the provocation dose of allergen required to cause a 20% fall in FEV1 (PD20 . FEV1). That calcium antagonists are ineffective in preventing allergen-induced asthma suggest indirectly that mechanism other than mediator release from mast cells may also be involved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Haemoptysis due to unsuspected foreign body penetration of the oesophagus.

A 42-year-old man presented with haemoptysis of undetermined cause for five months despite thorough investigation. Exploratory thoracotomy showed there had been "silent" penetration by a chicken bone through oesophagus into the lung. A retrospective review showed that the foreign body could be seen in only four out of 54 chest roentgenograms taken.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Catheter drainage of spontaneous pneumothorax: suction or no suction, early or late removal?

Twenty-three patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax and 30 patients with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax treated by intercostal catheter drainage with underwater seal were divided randomly into two groups, one receiving suction drainage (up to 20 cm H2O pressure) and the other no suction. The success rate was 57% for the former and 50% for the latter. The suction group spent an average of five days in hospital, whereas the non-suction group averaged four days. Suction drainage therefore did not have any advantage. To determine how soon the catheter could be removed without complication, patients were also divided randomly into two subgroups--one had the catheter removed, without previous clamping, as soon as the lung was expanded; the other had the catheters left in situ for a further three days. The success rate was 52% for the former, and 53% for the latter. But most of the failure in the early removal group was caused by re-collapse of the lung rather than persistent air leakage; hence removal of the catheter too early was not recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic sinopulmonary disease in Chinese patients with obstructive azoospermia.

The prevalence of chronic infections of the nasal sinuses and the lung (chronic sinopulmonary disease) was investigated in 33 Chinese patients with obstructive azoospermia who were compared with 32 patients with azoospermia due to failure of the germinal epithelium. Ten out of the group of 33 patients with obstructive azoospermia had congenital absence of the vas and/or epididymis and were excluded from that group. The patients with obstructive azoospermia had normal testis size, normal levels of serum FSH and LH, lower seminal fluid fructose, and a higher incidence of serum sperm agglutinating and immobilizing antibodies when compared with the group with damage to the germinal epithelium. The number of patients with symptoms of chronic sinopulmonary infections were similar in all groups. One patient with obstructive azoospermia had bronchiectasis. All other patients had normal chest x-ray studies. About 40% of the patients in all three groups had abnormal sinus X-rays. However, the nonsmoking patients with obstructive azoospermia had a statistically significant (P less than 0.05) lower mid-expiratory flow rate than the nonsmoking patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. Only three additional patients with obstructive azoospermia had both abnormal sinus x-ray and a reduced mid-expiratory flow rate, suggestive of Young's syndrome. It was concluded that Young's syndrome (sinopulmonary infections associated with acquired obstructive azoospermia) is much less common in Chinese men (four out of 23, 17%) and their sinopulmonary problems are less severe than in Caucasians.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Attenuation of exercise-induced asthma by acupuncture.

A prospective randomised single-blind study of the effects of real and sham acupuncture on exercise-induced asthma was conducted in nineteen children. Forced expiratory flow in 1st second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were measured throughout acupuncture and after treadmill exercise. Neither real nor sham acupuncture affected the basal bronchomotor tone but both, when applied 20 min before exercise, attenuated exercise induced asthma: mean maximum percentage falls in FEV1, FVC, and PEFR were 44.4%, 33.3%, and 49.5% without acupuncture; 23.8%, 15.8%, and 25.9% after real acupuncture; and 32.6%, 26.1%, and 34.3% after sham acupuncture. Real acupuncture provided better protection against exercise-induced asthma than did sham acupuncture (p less than 0.05).

Acupuncture Therapy↗