Biomedical subjects

S Y Cho

Publications and source records attributed to S Y Cho.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty in patients with restenosis after surgical commissurotomy: a comparative study.

We performed percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty (PMV) in 367 patients to compare the effectiveness of PMV between patients with mitral restenosis after surgical commissurotomy (group 1) and patients with unoperated mitral stenosis (group 2). Twenty-two had undergone closed or open mitral commissurotomy 11.2 years before. There were no significant differences in clinical profiles between the two groups. The mitral valve area was increased from 1.0 +/- 0.8 to 1.8 +/- 0.6 cm2 in group 1 and 0.9 +/- 0.3 to 2.0 +/- 0.7 cm2 in group 2 (p > 0.05). The mitral gradient was decreased from 14 +/- 5.9 to 6 +/- 2.6 mmHg in group 1 and 18 +/- 7.0 to 7 +/- 5.3 mmHg in group 2 (p > 0.05). The increment of mitral regurgitation and significant left to right shunt after PMV were not significantly different (10% versus 14.7%, 5% versus 10.4% respectively). Optimal results were attained in 75% of the patients in group 1 and in 84.3% of the patients in group 2 (p > 0.05). These results suggest PMV in mitral restenosis after surgical commissurotomy may be safe in selected patients and may be equally effective as in unoperated mitral stenosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Cerebral sparganosis: analysis of 34 cases with emphasis on CT features.

Cerebral sparganosis is a rare parasitic CNS disease, producing chronic active granulomatous inflammation. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data, CT scans and histopathologic specimens in 34 patients with cerebral sparganosis. The majority of the patients (89%) were rural inhabitants; 75% had a history of ingestion of frogs and/or snakes. The major presenting symptoms were seizure (84%), hemiparesis (59%) and headache (56%) of chronic course. On CT scans, the disease most frequently involved the cerebral hemispheres, particularly frontoparietal lobes, with occasional extension to the external and internal capsules and basal ganglia. The cerebellum was rarely involved. Bilateral involvement was seen in 26%. The main CT findings consisted of white matter hypodensity with adjacent ventricular dilatation (88%), irregular or nodular enhancing lesion (88%), and small punctate calcifications (76%). In combination, the CT triad above appears to be specific for this disease, and was noted in 62% of cases. Of 16 follow-up CT scans, 5 (38%) showed a change in the location of the enhancing nodule. With a single CT scan, it does not appear to be possible to determine whether the worm is alive or dead, information important for deciding whether to intervene surgically. Change in the location of the enhancing nodule and/or worsening of the other CT findings on sequential CT scans would suggest that the worm is alive and that the patient is a candidate for surgery.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Pleuropulmonary paragonimiasis: radiologic findings in 71 patients.

Pleuropulmonary paragonimiasis is a disease caused by lung flukes characterized by migration of a juvenile worm in the early stage and by formation of cysts around the worm later on. The purpose of this study was to describe the radiologic manifestations of pleuropulmonary paragonimiasis, with special emphasis on the worm cyst and worm migration track. We retrospectively studied 71 patients who had evidence of pleuropulmonary paragonimiasis on chest radiographs (n = 71) and CT scans (n = 17). The diagnosis was based on the detection of eggs or on positive antibody tests. On chest radiographs, 59 patients (83%) had pulmonary lesions and 43 patients (61%) had pleural lesions. Pulmonary findings included patchy air-space consolidation (n = 37) with or without cystic changes; ring shadows (n = 16); and peripheral linear opacities (n = 29), which were more prominent in patients with pleural effusion. Twelve patients (17%) had bilateral pleural effusions or pneumothoraces. On CT scans, round low-attenuation cystic lesions (5-15 mm), filled either with fluid (n = 5) or gas (n = 5), were characteristically seen within the consolidation. Peripheral linear opacities seen on radiographs were suggestive of worm migration tracks on CT scans. CT may reveal an intracystic worm. Although the findings vary depending on the stage of the disease, findings on chest radiographs are usually typical of paragonimiasis. CT provides more specific information about the worm cyst and the worm migration track.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical localization of 36 and 29 kDa proteins in sparganum.

Antigenic proteins of 36 and 29 kDa were localized in Spirometra mansoni plerocercoid (sparganum) immunohistochemically by avidin biotin complex (ABC) staining. When polyclonal antibodies such as BALB/c mouse serum immunized with crude saline extract of sparganum or confirmed sparganosis sera were reacted as primary antibodies, the positive chromogen (3-amino, 9-ethylcarbazole) reactions were recognized at syncytial tegument, tegumental cells, muscle and parenchymal cells and lining cells of excretory canals. A monoclonal antibody (MAb) which was reacting to 36 and 29 kDa proteins in the extract of the worm was localized at the syncytial tegument and tegumental cells. The present results suggested that the potent antigenic proteins of 36 and 29 kDa in sparganum were produced at the tegumental cells and transported to the syncytial tegument.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Detection of antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid to Toxoplasma gondii by indirect latex agglutination test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Sensitivity of anti-Toxoplasma antibody (IgG) test by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was evaluated in comparison with indirect latex agglutination (ILA) using 2,016 paired human samples of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The samples were collected from neurologic patients in Korea with mass lesions in central nervous system (CNS) as revealed by imaging diagnosis (CT/MRI). When the sera were screened for anti-Toxoplasma antibody by ILA, 76 cases(3.8%) were positive (1:32 or higher titers). In the paired samples of CSF, no positive reactions were observed. When ELISA was performed using PBS extract of Percoll purified tachyzoites as antigen, cut-off absorbance was determined as 0.40 for serum and 0.27 for CSF tests. The antibody positive rates by ELISA were 7.0% in serum and 5.6% in CSF. Of them, 40 cases (2.0%) showed positive reactions in both serum and CSF. The antibody positive rates were higher in groups older than 40 years. The rates were higher in male (4.7% by ILA, 8.3% by ELISA) than in female (2.2% by ILA, 5.0% by ELISA). The rates in CSF showed no such sex difference. ELISA showed twice higher positive rates when serum was tested, and was sensitive enough to detect specific antibodies in CSF. Etiologic relations between positive antibody tests and CNS lesions remained unknown.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1992

Tissue origin of soluble component proteins in saline extract of adult Paragonimus westermani.

Tissue origin of individual component proteins in crude extract of adult Paragonimus westermani was investigated. Major soluble component proteins were separated by disc-PAGE in 8% slab gel. By predefined Rf values, strips of gel containing each band protein was cut out. Each band protein was eluted by electrophoresis. Monospecific antibodies were prepared by immunizing rabbits with each band protein. When peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) staining was done, antiserum to Band 1 reacted to content of eggs both in the worm and in the infected lung tissue. Antiserum to Band 2 reacted to parenchymal tissue of the worm. Antiserum to Band 4 showed the positive reaction at intestinal content while that to Band 5 reacted to the intestinal epithelial border. Antiserum to combined proteins of Bands 6/7 and that to Band 8 reacted to parenchymal tissue of the worm respectively. From the results, the origin of individual proteins in crude extract of adult P. westermani could be differentiated.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Immunoelectrophoretic analysis of major component proteins in cystic fluid of Taenia solium metacestodes.

When cystic fluid of Taenia solium metacestodes (CF) was filtrated through Sephacryl S-300 Superfine, major proteins were in fractions III and IV. Major protein in fraction III was Band C protein of 150 kDa and that in fraction IV was Band N protein (Choi et al., 1990). When CF was electrophoresed in 0.9% agarose gel and reacted with anti-CF rabbit serum (RACF), two main bands, a long outer and a short inner band, were precipitated, together with 8 minor bands. RACF reacted with fraction III forming the long outer band whereas RACF formed the short inner band with fraction IV in immunoelectrophoresis (IEP). The long outer precipitin band of CF fraction III was similar to antigen B in hydatid fluid (HF) of Oriol et al. (1971), while the short inner band of CF fraction IV was similar to HF antigen 5 of Capron et al. (1967). When HF was reacted with RACF, the short inner band was immunoprecipitated without forming the long outer band. Common antigenicity between CF and HF seemed to exist in fraction IV rather than in fraction III of CF. Patient sera of neurocysticercosis reacted more frequently with fraction III than with fraction IV.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Component proteins and protease activities in excretory-secretory product of sparganum.

Spirometra mansoni plerocercoid (sparganum) was incubated in saline at 4 degrees C or 37 degrees C up to 100 hours. Protein contents in the excretory-secretory product (ESP) were rather constant (mean 7.7 mg of protein/gram of sparganum) in the preparations. Reducing SDS-PAGE of ESP showed similar protein subunit compositions with those in crude extract. Antigenic 36 and 31 kDa proteins were major bands in ESP. ESP exhibited specific activities of protease (2.9-5.3 units/mg) at pH 6.0 and pH 7.5. Presence of protease activity in ESP may be a supporting evidence that hitherto known cysteine protease of sparganum is possibly secreted.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Measurement of 150 kDa protein of Taenia solium metacestodes by antibody-sandwich ELISA in cerebrospinal fluid of neurocysticercosis patients.

An antigenic protein in cystic fluid of Taenia solium metacestodes (CF) of 150 kDa was measured by antibody-sandwich ELISA in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neurocysticercosis patients. Capture antibodies were rabbit antisera against CF (RACF) and a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against 150 kDa protein in CF. Lower limit of antibody-sandwich ELISA was 8 ng/ml of the protein. Except CF, no tested helminths extracts reacted. Levels of the protein in 351 sera from 255 patients (55 surgery confirmed and 202 antibody and CT/MRI confirmed) were below sensitivity of the assay. Of 276 CSF from 212 patients, 31 samples (11.2%) showed positive findings. This assay, therefore, was not sensitive enough to be a diagnostic. Instead, the 150 kDa protein appeared in CSF in such situations as in 2 days after praziquantel treatment, or as in a patient infected with a racemose cysticercus with degenerated cyst wall. Of cases whose follow-up CSF were assayed, 2 cases showed that the protein appeared intermittently. These results suggest strongly that appearance of free 150 kDa protein is associated with cyst wall rupture. In CSF which contained the 150 kDa protein over 61 ng/ml, the protein was recognized in SDS-PAGE before and after immunoprecipitation.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Activities of scavenging enzymes of oxygen radicals in early maturation stages of Paragonimus westermani.

In early maturation stages of Paragonimus westermani (metacercariae, 4-, 8-, 12-week old worms), activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase, were examined. Specific activity of catalase was the highest in metacercariae and decreasing with age. That of superoxide dismutase was higher in metacercariae and 4-week worms. Specific activity of peroxidase was at its peak in 4-week worms while that of glutathione peroxidase was in 8-week worms. Specific activities of all these antioxidant enzymes were decreased to their lowest in 12-week old adults.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Comparison of outcome among double, bifoil and Inoue balloon techniques for percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty in mitral stenosis.

The efficacy and complications of three different methods of percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) were evaluated in 245 patients with mitral stenosis (MS). Eight six patients (35%) had severe MS defined in the mitral valve area (MVA) less than 1.0 cm2 (0.8 +/- 0.2) and Echoscore greater than or equal to 8(8.9 +/- 1.1). The results including post MCA greater than or equal to 1.5cm2 and complications, i.e, increment of mitral regurgitation (MR) greater than or equal to +1 and atrial septal defect (ASD) with Qp/Qs greater than or equal to 1.5 were compared in overall and in severe MS groups. There was no statistically significant difference in size of MVA before and after PMV between overall patients group and severe mitral stenosis group (0.8 +/- 0.1 vs 1.7 +/- 0.4cm2 in the double technique, 0.8 +/- 0.2 vs 1.5 +/- 0.3cm2 in the Bifoil technique and 0.7 +/- 0.2 vs 1.8 +/- 0.3cm2 in the Inoue technique. p: NS). However, a significantly larger number of patients in the severe MS group had better MVA with the double than the Bifoil technique [MVA greater than or equal to 1.5cm2; 42 (72%) vs 6 (46%), p less than 0.005] whereas higher complications were observed with the Bifoil than the Inoue technique (MR greater than or equal to +1; 9 (69%) vs 4 (27%), ASD (Qp/Qs greater than or equal to 1.5' 6 (46%) vs 2 (13%) p less than 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Single step purification of potent antigenic protein from sparganum by gelatin-affinity chromatography.

Out of many component proteins in crude saline extract of Spirometra mansoni plerocercoid (sparganum), 36 kDa and 29 kDa proteins were found to be the most antigenic and were already purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using monoclonal antibody as a ligand. In this study, a single step purification of these potent antigenic proteins of sparganum extract was investigated. When the crude saline extract was charged to gelatin-Sepharose 4B affinity column, 36 kDa and 29 kDa protein fractions were bound. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and SDS-PAGE/immunoblot confirmed that the bound protein to gelatin was serologically pure. When evaluated by ELISA with patients sera, the purified protein of 36 and 29 kDa also showed improved antigenicity.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

A case of anisakiasis causing intestinal obstruction.

A 31-year old salesman living in Seoul developed suddenly abdominal pain due to intestinal obstruction. Exploratory laparotomy exhibited segmental jejunal cellulitis caused by penetrating Anisakis larva. The patient had eaten raw fish. The typical history of intestinal anisakiasis was presented with a short review of Korean patients of anisakiasis.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Reduction in the incidence of biliary and other surgical complications of ascariasis according to the decrease of its national egg prevalence in Korea.

While various examples of rationale or benefits of ascariasis control could justify a necessity of control activity in a community, few practical index other than the egg prevalence or intensity of infection has been used to evaluate the efficacy obtained by the control activity. A literature-based retrospective study was undertaken to provide some numerical data on the decreasing morbidity of surgical ascariasis as a consequence of ascariasis control in Korea. A thorough review of literatures (1959-1990) on biliary and other surgical complications of ascariasis reported from general hospitals revealed that their incidence has been decreasing very proportionally to the national figures of its egg prevalence and worm burden. For example, according to the remarkable decreases of the prevalence of ascariasis, there is an evident decreasing tendency of the proportion (%) of biliary ascariasis cases among all biliary surgical patients and the proportion of biliary ascariasis cases among all biliary stone patients in general hospitals. It is highly suggested that the Korean people have been much benefited by the control activity of ascariasis executed at a national scale since 1960s, especially in terms of incidence of biliary and other surgical complications of ascariasis.

Ascariasis↗

PubMed1991

Molecular weight of major component proteins in crude saline extract of adult Paragonimus westermani.

When the component proteins in crude saline extract of 13-week old adult Paragonimus westermani were observed by non-denaturing discontinuous-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Disc-PAGE), 8 distinct bands were clearly recognized. Molecular weight (MW) of each band protein, numbered in sequence from cathodal side which appeared in 10% separating gel, was measured first by Ferguson plot utilizing different gel concentrations from 10% to 4.5%. MW of band 1 protein (known as egg protein) was 440 kDa. And MW of other band proteins were: 386 kDa in band 2, 17.4 kDa in band 3, 17 kDa in band 4, 14.3 kDa in band 5, 46 kDa in band 6, 38 kDa in band 7 and 23 kDa in band 8. When the proteins in the crude extract were separated into fractions by molecular sieve chromatography through 1.6(phi) X 70 cm sized Sephacryl S-300 Superfine column and revisualized by Disc-PAGE in 8% gel, the sequence of eluted proteins was band 1, band 2, band 6, band 7 and bands 3, 4, 5 and 8. This elution profile confirmed MW of each band protein in the crude extract as measured by Ferguson plot.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Metacercarial infections of Paragonimus westermani in freshwater crabs sold in markets in Seoul.

Status of metacercarial infections of Paragonimus westermani was observed in freshwater crabs, which were purchased at 3 markets in its peak season of 1990. All of 85 crabs were Eriocheir japonicus. No other species of Eriocheir were found. When crushed muscle and viscera was examined individually, the infection rate was 11.8%; and mean number of metacercariae was 2.1 per infected crab. Unless adequately cooked, freshwater crabs are still potential sources of human paragonimiasis.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Purification and characterization of a Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase from adult Paragonimus westermani.

In cytosolic fraction of adult Paragonimus westermani, superoxide dismutase activity was identified (4.3 units/mg of specific activity) using a xanthine-xanthine oxidase system. The enzyme was purified 150 fold in its activity using the ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Trisacryl M anion-exchange chromatography and Sephadex G-100 molecular sieve chromatography. The enzyme exhibited the enhanced activity at pH 10.0. The enzyme activity totally disappeared in 1.0mM cyanide while it remained 77.8% even in 10 mM azide. These findings indicated that the enzyme was Cu, Zn-SOD type. Molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 34 kDa by gel filtration and 17 kDa on reducing SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis which indicated a dimer protein.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Component proteins in crude extract of adult Paragonimus westermani purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using monoclonal antibodies.

The nature of 2 component proteins in crude saline extract of adult Paragonimus westermani was investigated. By immunoaffinity chromatography using monoclonal antibodies (MAb) as ligands, the proteins were purified from the crude extract. Band 1 protein in disc-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was purified by PFCK-136 MAb. The protein, known to have molecular mass of 440 kDa, was composed of 23, 46 and 92 kDa subunits when observed by reducing SDS-PAGE and SDS-PAGE/immunoblot. This protein was originated from eggs of the worm as revealed by immunohistochemical staining with PFCK-136 Mab. Another affinity purified protein utilizing PFCK-44 MAb was the band 4 protein of 17 kDa in disc-PAGE. This was a monomer protein in reducing SDS-PAGE and SDS-PAGE/immunoblot. The protein was produced at intestinal epithelium of the worm.

Animals↗