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Biomedical subjects

S Wilkinson

Publications and source records attributed to S Wilkinson.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Substituted benzaldehydes designed to increase the oxygen affinity of human haemoglobin and inhibit the sickling of sickle erythrocytes.

Substituted benzaldehydes have been designed to bind preferentially to the oxy conformation of human haemoglobin at a site between the amino terminal residues of the alpha-subunits. Such compounds should stabilize the oxygenated form of haemoglobin and thereby increase its oxygen affinity. The compounds produce the expected effect, left-shifting the oxygen saturation curve of dilute haemoglobin solutions and of whole blood, although the binding pattern to haemoglobin is more complex than envisaged by the design hypothesis. The predicted best compound is also a potent inhibitor, at low oxygen pressure, of the sickling of erythrocytes from patients homozygous for sickle cell disease, and may prove to be a clinically useful anti-sickling agent.

2,3-Diphosphoglycerate↗
PubMed1984

Clinical associations of fibroblast growth promoting factor in scleroderma.

Normal adult human dermal fibroblasts were cultured in the presence of sera from 142 subjects. Results of a fibroblast proliferation assay revealed that 16 of 42 patients with scleroderma, 1 of 25 with rheumatoid arthritis, 3 of 10 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 2 of 3 with mixed connective tissue disease and 0 of 42 normal controls had values outside the normal range. The activity of fibroblast growth promoting factor (FGPF) in the scleroderma group correlated with the skin involvement but not with involvement of any other organ system. The levels of FGPF were higher in the first 2 years of disease duration than at any other time. Our data suggest that fibroblast activation may be a key process in the pathogenesis of scleroderma.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Circulating immune complexes in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis.

Forty-one patients with progressive systemic sclerosis were studied for the presence of immune complexes by the fluid- and solid-phase C1q binding, C1 activation, and the fluid-phase conglutinin assays. Complement activation and autoantibodies were also studied. Immune complexes were detected in only 6 patients (15%); activation of complement was found in 5 others. The clinical and serologic features of patients with complexes were compared with those in whom complexes were not identified. No significant difference was found with respect to serology. Organ involvement was generally more frequent in the group with immune complexes, but the difference was statistically significant only with respect to lung involvement. The present data suggest that, although complement-fixing immune complexes are infrequently detected in progressive systemic sclerosis, they may play a role in the pathogenesis of lung lesions associated with the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Sodium transport during the natriuresis of volume expansion; a study using peripheral blood leucocytes.

1. Leucocyte sodium transport was investigated as a possible assay for the small molecular weight natriuretic material isolated from the urine of normal subjects who had undergone volume expansion by saline infusion. 2. This fraction (fraction four or FIV), inhibitory to sodium transport in several other assays, was also found to inhibit leucocyte sodium transport. 3. FIV isolated from the urine of five normal subjects undergoing the natriuresis of mineralocorticoid 'escape' was also found to be inhibitory to leucocyte sodium transport. 4. Leucocytes isolated from the blood of the same subjects during mineralocorticoid escape showed decreased sodium transport.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Immunoregulatory T cell subpopulations in patients with scleroderma using monoclonal antibodies.

Twenty-eight patients with scleroderma were compared with 22 healthy age-matched subjects. Monoclonal antibodies were used to detect the whole T cell population (OKT3), T helper cells (OKT4), and T suppressor/cytotoxic cells (OKT8) by indirect immunofluorescence on isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A subset of scleroderma patients (i.e. 30% or eight of 28 patients) exhibited an elevated ratio of OKT4/OKT8 cells which could be accounted for, mainly by a reduction in OKT8 cells compared with controls. The scleroderma patients with an elevated OKT4/OKT8 ratio tended to be younger, have a shorter disease duration and more extensive skin involvement than patients with a normal OKT4/OKT8 ratio. There was no correlation with the presence of autoantibodies, drug therapy, or HLA-DR type. In order to further determine whether this imbalance in immunoregulatory cell subpopulations was specific for scleroderma, we further studied 16 patients with psoriatic arthritis but without manifest autoimmunity and delineated a similar subset of patients with an elevated OKT4/OKT8 cell ratio (i.e. 38% or six of 16 patients). The results demonstrate similar immunoregulatory T cell imbalances in patients with scleroderma and psoriatic arthritis. These findings suggest that numerical imbalances in lymphocyte subpopulations may not be specific for autoimmune disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Granuloma gluteale infantum.

An infant had a persistent ulcerative nodular diaper dermatitis with negative laboratory findings for pathogens. With bland therapy and avoidance of powdering, the lesions cleared. This reaction was considered, without proof, to be granuloma gluteale infantum. This condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the various types of diaper dermatitis. This reaction may also occur in the incontinent elderly.

Buttocks↗
PubMed1980

Proteins in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of fetal sheep during development.

1. The concentration of total protein in c.s.f. and plasma has been measured in fetal sheep of different gestational ages and in the adult. In c.s.f. it was highest (approximately 840 mg/100 ml.) in the youngest fetuses (35 days) and declined steeply by 60 days (260 mg/100 ml.). It decreased less markedly in the last half of gestation to reach about 50 mg/100 ml. at 125 days which is twice the adult value. Protein concentration in plasma was lowest in the youngest fetuses and did not rise much until the second half of gestation during which time it doubled. There was a further rather larger increase between the late fetal (125 days) stage and the adult.2. Albumin, fetuin, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), transferrin and lipoprotein were identified in c.s.f. and plasma.3. The concentrations of albumin, AFP and fetuin in c.s.f. and plasma at different gestational ages were measured using immunodiffusion and radioimmuno-assays.4. Albumin was the major protein in plasma at all ages studied (35-128 days gestation and adult). Its concentration increased throughout gestation whereas that of fetuin was similar at all fetal ages and that of AFP declined markedly during the second half of gestation. In the adult, fetuin was only about 0.1% of the total protein in plasma and AFP was not detectable.5. In 35-40 day fetuses albumin, AFP and fetuin accounted for 90% of the total protein concentration in plasma and for about 70-80% of the total protein concentration of c.s.f. As gestation progressed the concentration of all three proteins in c.s.f. declined. But the concentration of AFP and fetuin fell more rapidly and to a greater extent than that of albumin; neither AFP nor fetuin could be detected in adult c.s.f.6. The c.s.f.: Plasma ratio was above 50% for AFP and above 60% for fetuin at 35 days compared with about 25% for albumin at the same fetal age. The c.s.f.: plasma ratios for all three proteins declined with increasing fetal age and were not significantly different from each other by about mid gestation.

Albumins↗