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Biomedical subjects

S Watabe

Publications and source records attributed to S Watabe.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Superoxide production of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in surgical patients with gastric cancer.

Superoxide production (SOP) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in 65 gastric cancer patients, who were in preoperative state and had received no medical therapy, was assayed in order to evaluate the bactericidal activity of PMNs in cancer patients, as well as to determine the correlation of SOP by PMNs with postoperative prognoses and several factors by which extent of disease and the clinical or histological character of gastric carcinoma were defined. Patients with stage II disease had a tendency to have an increased SOP by PMNs, and furthermore, as the disease progressed, the SOP by PMNs decreased with significant depression being noted in stage III and IV cases compared to healthy controls. Significantly reduced SOP by PMNs was observed in n2 and n3 cases and with se, si, sei and/or ps(+) pathological invasion. SOP by PMNs in patients with Borrmann II type and/or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was significantly depressed. Patients who suffered from septic complications showed a significant depression in SOP by PMNs compared with the controls and no complication group. These results suggest that advanced gastric cancer patients may have defective oxidative PMN metabolism, and that a decrease of SOP is a contributory cause of high susceptibility to postoperative infection in cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Comparative biochemistry of acid proteinase from animal origins.

Acid proteinases from 17 tissues of 12 animal species were compared with respect to molecular weight, inhibition by pepstatin and activation by tripolyphosphate. Gel filtration of acid proteinases from protochordates and vertebrates showed a common elution profile and three peaks with mol. wts of -20,000, -45,000 and above 150,000 were detected with acid-denatured hemoglobin as substrate at pH 3.6. The main component of vertebrate acid proteinases was identified as cathepsin D. In the invertebrate acid proteinases, the elution profiles through gel filtration were characteristic to the tissues examined, and were not so distinct as those of vertebrates. Through a biochemical survey, the animal acid proteinase was discussed from a comparative point of view.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

T loop in posterior myocardial infarction: a useful clue to vectorcardiographic diagnosis.

In order to differentiate posterior (posterolateral) myocardial infarction (PMI) from the anterior shift of the QRS loop in "normal variant" cases using a vectorcardiogram, the T loop as well as the QRS loop in the transverse plane (TP) were analyzed in 34 elderly Japanese males with angiographically-proven PMI and in 197 elderly Japanese males with normal coronary arteries and ventricles. T loops in the TP were longer, narrower and more anterior in PMI cases. After this analysis, we propose new criteria for PMI: (A and B) A: maximal T vector equal or anterior to 60 degrees in TP B: at least two of the following three: maximal QRS voltage/maximal T voltage in TP equal to or less than 3.0; QRS-T angle equal to or less than 75 degrees in TP; width/length of T equal to or less than 0.15 in TP. These new criteria for PMI are more specific (p less than 0.01) and more sensitive (p less than 0.05) than Hoffman's criteria.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Analysis of the evolution of coronary artery disease--evaluation of 227 cases by restudy of coronary arteriography.

Some 227 patients who showed a 50% or greater narrowing of at least one major coronary artery in the first study underwent recatheterization at a mean interval of 35.6 months. Coronary arterial lesions and the degree of narrowing [i.e., normal (absent), 25%, 50%, 75%, 90%, 99% and complete occlusion (100%)] were classified in accordance with the AHA reporting system. When the lesions in the second study showed a change of equal or more than 2 in the above 7 stages in comparison with the first study, either progression or regression was determined. Of the 227 patients, progression occurred in 73 (32%) and regression was found in 7 (3%). In the aggravated group in symptom, progression was noted in 58%, and even in the stabilized group, progression was observed in 22%. As a result of the second study, 15 (21%) out of 73 patients showing progression underwent surgical treatment, and more than half of these cases (9/15) were constituted by the stabilized group. During the above follow-up periods, myocardial infarction occurred subsequently in 14 (19%) out of 73 patients showing progression. Up to the present time, sudden deaths occurred in 8 patients, and 5 out of 8 patients were also of the stabilized group. The authors wish to emphasize from these findings the necessity of aggressively pursuing restudy even in stabilized cases showing symptoms of ischemic heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Two cases of intussusception of appendiceal mucocele: diagnostic value of preoperative ultrasonography].

Mucocele of the appendix was first described and named "Hydrops processus vermiformis" by Rokitansky in 1866. Intussusception of a appendiceal mucocele is very rare and we have been able to find only 14 previously reported cases. We present two cases with preoperative ultrasonography which is valuable for its diagnosis. Case 1: A 5-year-old male was admitted to Kahoku Hospital because of right lateral colic abdominal pain and tumor. Ba-enema examination revealed intussusception to the colon and ultrasonography showed the cystic mass of the appendix. Case 2: A 51-year-old female was admitted because of right lower abdominal pain. Ultrasonography was helpful showing the cystic tumor at the base of the appendix. Recent reports say that ultrasonography is valuable examination for its diagnosis. Also in our two cases preoperative ultrasonography was performed and gave us valid information for its qualitative diagnosis.

Appendix↗
PubMed1985

Adrenal cortex mitochondrial enzyme with ATP-dependent protease and protein-dependent ATPase activities. Purification and properties.

We have purified an ATP-dependent protease with protein-dependent ATPase activity from bovine adrenal cortex mitochondria to near homogeneity. The subunit molecular weight is 108,000 and the enzyme appears to be a hexamer with approximately identical subunits. Based on the experiments using various nucleoside triphosphates and their related compounds, it is concluded that hydrolysis of the high-energy bond in nucleoside triphosphates is not an absolute requirement for proteolysis. Nucleotide specificity of this enzyme varies, depending on the protein or peptide substrates used. When casein was the substrate, ATP and dATP were quite effective, but other nucleotides were not. When insulin and angiotensinogen were used as substrate, ATP, other nucleoside triphosphates, ADP, inorganic triphosphate, pyrophosphate, and phosphate were effective. One of the cleaving linkages hydrolyzed by this enzyme was revealed to be the Leu-Leu bond of angiotensinogen. However, the specificity appears to be broad in view of the hydrolysis pattern of glucagon.

ATP-Dependent Proteases↗
PubMed1985

ATP-dependent protease in bovine adrenal cortex. Tissue specificity, subcellular localization, and partial characterization.

Proteolytic activities in bovine adrenocortical mitochondria were investigated using [14C-methyl]casein as a substrate. Washed mitochondria showed a low proteolytic activity at pH 7.5 or 8.2. ATP (5 mM) plus MgCl2 (7.5 mM) stimulated the proteolysis 9 times at pH 8.2. It was further demonstrated unequivocally by various approaches that the ATP-dependent proteolytic activity localizes in mitochondrial matrix. The activity of the solubilized protease was sensitive to N-ethylmaleimide, mersalyl acid, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, o-vanadate, m-vanadate, vanadyl sulfate, and quercetin but not by oligomycin and ouabain. The ATP-dependent proteolytic activity was eluted at the position of 650,000 daltons on an Ultrogel AcA 22 column as a single symmetrical peak. The gel-filtered enzyme showed high specificity to ATP. GTP and UTP partially substituted ATP. ADP, AMP, tripolyphosphate, alpha, beta-methylene ATP, and beta, gamma-methylene ATP had little or no stimulating activity. ATP did not stimulate the activity in the absence of MgCl2. We measured ATP-dependent proteolytic activities in mitochondrial fractions from several tissues in rat and bovine. Adrenal cortex was one of the tissues of highest activity. In addition, we investigated the effect of adrenal atrophy on the ATP-dependent protease activity in rat adrenal. The ATP-dependent protease activity/adrenal decreased by dexamethasone treatment. The extent of the decrease was similar to that of cytochrome oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase, but smaller than that of cytochrome P-450.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1985

Isolation of Fab and Fc fragments from a plasmin-treated human immunoglobulin by high-speed gel filtration on TSK G3000SW and G3000SWG.

A method is described for isolating intact 7S IgG, Fab and Fc fragments from a plasmin-treated immunoglobulin by high-speed gel filtration on a TSK G3000SW or G3000SWG column. The isolated 7S IgG, Fab and Fc fragments reacted with antihuman IgG, Fab and Fc antiserum, respectively, in both Ouchterlony's double immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. Each of the Fab and Fc fragments formed a single precipitation line, demonstrating their homogeneity. Anticomplementary activities of intact 7S IgG, Fab and Fc fragments were 2.5, less than or equal to 10 and 2.5 mg protein/ml to inhibit 2 units of CH50, respectively, and the diphtheria antitoxin contents were 2.1, 6.0 and 1.5 IU/150 mg protein, respectively. The molecular composition of plasmin-treated immunoglobulin as determined by gel filtration on a TSK G3000SW column was as follows: 7S IgG 38.0 +/- 0.2%; Fab 42.6 +/- 0.1% and Fc fragment 19.3 +/- 0.1%.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1984

Activation of cytotoxic polymorphonuclear leukocytes by in vivo administration of a streptococcal preparation, OK-432.

Injection ip of a streptococcal preparation, OK-432, into WKA and DONRYU rats induced in vitro cytotoxicity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) against tumor cells in terms of their cytostasis and cytolysis. PMN were obtained from peritoneal exudates of WKA and DONRYU rats. Cytotoxicity of activated PMN was immunologically nonspecific, although a certain target selectivity was observed in PMN cytotoxicity. The titer of cytotoxicity of PMN was dependent on the dose of injected OK-432 and on the number of PMN in the cytotoxicity assay. Activated PMN appeared very early (6 hr) after OK-432 injection, and the cytotoxic titer of PMN decreased from 24 hours and disappeared at 96 hours after injection of the reagent. In vitro culture of PMN with OK-432 also evoked cytotoxicity of PMN.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Laminal distribution of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the occipital cortex of rats: evidence as a neurotransmitter.

The laminal distribution of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the rat occipital cortex was determined by an enzymatic procedure following decapitation or microwave irradiation (5 kW for 1.1 s). No significant differences were observed in the concentrations of GABA among 5 layers after microwave irradiation. However, when the animals were sacrificed by decapitation, the concentrations varied among the layers with the highest being detected in the internal granular layer (lamina IV) followed by the external granular (II), external pyramidal (III) and internal pyramidal layers (V). In these layers, GABA was significantly higher than in the other two layers, the molecular (I) and multiform layers (VI). The results are discussed in terms of the neurotransmitter function of GABA in the occipital cortex.

4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase↗
PubMed1983

Phospholipids activate cathepsin D.

Total lipids as well as phospholipids extracted from the mitochondrial-lysosomal fraction of porcine adrenal cortex activated the lysosomal cathepsin D of this tissue 30- and 40-fold, respectively, with bovine serum albumin as the substrate. Phosphatidic acid, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl glycerol and cardiolipin were found to activate greatly the cathepsin D. The degree of activation ranged from 6-fold by phosphatidyl ethanolamine to 40-fold by cardiolipin at 1 mM, respectively. These results strongly point to the importance of phospholipids in intracellular protein degradation by lysosomal cathepsin D.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1983

A case of normal coronary infarction after intracoronary thrombolysis with urokinase.

We report the case of a 50-year-old male who had classical ECG signs of inferior wall myocardial infarction. Intracoronary thrombolysis resulted in fragmentation of a thrombus in the lumen of the right coronary artery. Angiography 1 month later showed no abnormalities at the site of previous thrombus. Ergonovine stress did not produce spasm. We conclude that (1) a mild cardial infarction can occur with an occlusive thrombus arising in angiographically normal coronary arteries; (2) transient change in minimal atheromata or spasm may induce such thrombi; and (3) thrombolytic therapy may be able to expedite recanalization of the occluded artery and salvage the myocardium.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1983

The pH-dependency of myosin ATPases from yellowtail ordinary and dark muscles.

Myosins were isolated from the ordinary (white) and dark (red) muscles of yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata, and the pH-dependency of ATPase activity, along with some physicochemical properties, was examined. The ordinary muscle myosin contained three kinds of light chain (A1, DTNB and A2 light chains), the molecular weights of which were 28,000, 20,000, and 16,000, respectively. The dark muscle myosin possessed only two kinds of light chain (D1 and D2), the molecular weights of which were 26,000 and 20,000 respectively. These ordinary and dark muscle myosins resemble the fast and slow muscle myosins of the higher vertebrate, respectively, in light chain pattern. The pH optima of the ordinary muscle myosin Ca2+-ATPase activity appeared at 6-6.5 and 9-10, irrespective of whether the enzyme reaction was started by the addition of ATP to the preincubated reaction mixture containing myosin (method I), or vice versa (method II). In the case of the dark muscle myosin, a small peak appeared at around pH 8.5 on the alkaline side when the activity was assayed by method I, whereas a prominent peak appeared at around 9.5 when it was assayed by method II, suggesting instability of this myosin under alkaline conditions. In connection with this, the reaction mixture at pH 9.5 showed a very small and slow increase in turbidity, suggesting a change in the physical state of myosin. The ordinary muscle myosin exhibited approximately three times higher actin-activated Mg2+-ATPase activity than the dark muscle myosin. Superprecipitation activity was also higher in the former than the latter actomyosin. However, both actomyosins showed similar pH-superprecipitation activity profiles.

Actins↗
PubMed1983

Vectorcardiogram in multiple myocardial infarctions--Correlations between vectorcardiographic and angiographic findings.

To determine the value and limitations of vectorcardiograms (VCGS) for diagnosing multiple myocardial infarctions, correlations between VCG and angiographic findings were analyzed in 307 cases with severe asynergies due to coronary narrowings on left ventriculograms. While the presence of anterioseptal hypokinesis, corresponding to a nontransmural infarction of the anteroseptal wall, lowered the sensitivity of vectorcardiographic diagnosis for inferior and posterior myocardial infarctions, that of inferoposterior hypokinesis did not lower its sensitivity for anterior myocardial infarction. Severe asynergy, corresponding to a transmural infarction, reduced the VCG sensitivity for diagnosing myocardial infarction occurring in the opposite side of the left ventricle.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1983

Immunochemical specificity of myosin light chains from mackerel ordinary and dark muscles.

Five light chains were isolated from the ordinary and dark muscle myosins of mackerel Pneumatophorus japonicus japonicus, by a method consisting of DTNB and urea treatments, followed by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Some physicochemical and immunochemical properties of the light chains thus obtained were analyzed. A1, A2, and DTNB light chains from ordinary muscle myosin resembled one another in ultraviolet absorption spectrum, as did D1 and D2 light chains from dark muscle myosin. However, the absorption spectra of the former three differed from those of the latter two. Amino acid compositions of A1 and A2 light chains resembled each other, except for a few amino acids such as lysine, proline, and alanine. Tryptophan was detected only in DTNB light chain. D1 and D2 light chains showed general similarity, except for a remarkably higher proline content in D1. Anti-A1 (or anti-A2) antiserum exhibited a cross-reaction against A2 (or A1) in both immunoelectrophoresis and ELISA, indicating an immunochemical similarity of these two alkali light chains. No precipitin line appeared when anti-A1 or anti-A2 antiserum was diffused against DTNB light chain in immunoelectrophoresis. In ELISA, however, each pair showed cross-reactivity values as high as 50-80%, values which were rather higher than those obtained with heterologous alkali light chains (10-40%). Anti-DTNB light chain antiserum reacted with either alkali light chain in both methods. Anti-D1 antiserum cross-reacted against D2, and anti-D2 antiserum did against D1. These myosin light chains exhibited a high immunochemical tissue-specificity.

Amino Acids↗