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Biomedical subjects

S Wapnick

Publications and source records attributed to S Wapnick.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Enhancement of tissue Po2 of strangulated bowel by topical application of sodium nitroprusside.

The Po2 was measured in the tissue of the ileal wall of dogs before, during, and up to one hour after reversible occlusion of segmental arteries. The occlusion was then released and the reoxygenation of the bowel wall was observed. Sodium nitroprusside (50 mg in 100 ml of solution) applied topically to the ischemic segment enhanced reoxygenation as compared to control animals. Nitroprusside absorbed into the portal system did not cause hypotension, as is usual with systemic administration, because nitroprusside is inactivated by passage through the liver. Topically applied sodium nitroprusside alleviates intestinal ischemia by direct local vasodilatation and relaxation of smooth muscle spasm in the ischemic bowel wall. The intraperitoneal use of sodium nitroprusside should be clinically evaluated in situations where visceral perfusion is impaired.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1977

LaVeen continuous peritoneal-jugular shunt. Improvement of renal function in ascitic patients.

30 consecutive patients with cirrhosis of the liver complicated by refractory ascites, hepatorenal syndrome, or both, received a LeVeen peritoneal-venous shunt. After surgery, these patients demonstrated a decreased abdominal girth (108 vs 93 cm, P less than .001), decreased body weight (80 vs 70 kg, P less than .001), and increased urinary flow (607 vs 4,254 ml, P less than .001). All patients had previously failed to show substantial benefit with 7 to 124 days of medical care. The mean BUN value was significantly decreased, from 39 to 23 mg/100 ml (P less than .005). Adosterone retention was reduced from a mean value of 32 to 12.8 ng/100 ml. The LeVeen continuous peritoneal-venous shunt is an important innovation that completely relieves refractory ascites in cirrhotic patients and reverses the pathophysiology of the hepatorenal syndrome.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1977

Intermittent cholestatic jaundice and nonmetastatic prostatic carcinoma.

Hepatomegaly and abnormal liver function can occur in nonmetastatic malignancies. A patient with metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma that had spared the liver and extrahepatic biliary tree is described. He had puzzling episodes of jaundice for a period of 2 1/2 years. The results of appropriate investigations and an exploratory laparotomy performed dlring the patient's four antemortem hospitalizations were indicative of "recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis," the cause of which remained an enigma even after exploratory laparotomy. At autopsy, no evidence of hepatic metastases or extrahepatic biliary obstruction was found. Alcohol, hepatotoxic drugs, toxins, viral and chronic active hepatitis, hemolysis, and extrahepatic biliary obstruction were eliminated as causes of the jaundice. We believe that the intermittent intrahepatic cholestasis is one of the nonmetastatic manifestations (nonmetastatic hepatopathy of malignancy) of the prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Tumor eradication by radiofrequency therapy. Responses in 21 patients.

Tumor blood flow, measured by an isotope dilution technique, is only 2% to 15% of that of the surrounding tissue. This sluggish circulation differentiates cancer from normal tissue and forms the basis for a new therapy that entails the transfer of radiofrequency (RF) energy for heating tissues locally. The heated tissue is cooled by the circulation of blood, which carries away the heat. Impaired perfusion, as in cancers, impedes cooling. Heating by RF elevated the temperatures of animal and human cancers by 5 to 9.5 C above that of healthy tissue. The heat eradicated the animal cancers without destruction of normal tissue. Radiofrequency therapy produced tissue necrosis or substantial regression of cancer in 21 patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effects of prophylactic antibiotics on colonic healing.

The effect of antibiotic colon preparation on the tensile strength and morphologic appearance of colonic anastomoses has been investigated in dogs. Preparation with preoperative kanamycin did offer a slight benefit over mechanical bowel cleansing. The addition of erythromycin and kanamycin to the preoperative bowel preparation significantly (p less than 0.001) improved the mean tensile strengh of the healing colonic anastomosis. Continuation of erythromycin and kanamycin for one week postoperatively almost doubled the mean tensile strength of the healing anastomosis. Continuation of erythromycin without kanamycin in the postoperative period provided little protection over the preoperative administration of kanamycin and erythromycin. Histologic examination showed that erythromycin and kanamycin given during the pre- and postoperative period changed the mode of healing from that of secondary intention to healing by first intention. The findings support the concept that soilage of the peritoneal cavity at the time of elective colon surgery is not as important as leakage caused by poor anastomotic healing. Antibiotic bowel preparation with kanamycin and erythromycin improves the healing of colonic anastomoses.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Further experience with peritoneo-venous shunt for ascites.

A specially devised pressure-sensitive valve forms the basis for a new peritoneo-venous shunt operation which delivers ascitic fluid continuously into the venous system. It is effective in ascites attributed to different causes. The procedure is simple and brings a long lasting relief with recovery in strength and nutrition and improved kidney function. Hepatorenal syndrome in ascites is reversed.

Adult↗