Cloning of cDNA encoding the complete precursor for bovine seminal ribonuclease.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Biomedical subjects
S Wagner
Publications and source records attributed to S Wagner.
Megakaryocyte precursors (pro- and megakaryoblasts) in bone marrow tissue from patients with reactive thrombocytosis, polycythemia vera and primary (essential) thrombocythemia. An immunomorphometric study.
To determine the number of megakaryocyte precursors (pro- and megakaryoblasts), an immunomorphometric study was performed on paraffin-embedded trephine biopsies of the bone marrow using a monoclonal antibody against platelet glycoprotein IIIa. Eighteen control specimens from patients with no evidence of any hematological disorder and a normal platelet count were selected and assessed together with the same number of specimens from patients with reactive thrombocytosis, polycythemia vera rubra (P. vera) or primary (essential) thrombocythemia (PTH). A strikingly proportionate increase in early megakaryocytes occurred in all patients enrolled in this study, compared with the controls. Moreover, there were no significant correlations between counts for precursors or total megakaryocytes per square millimeter of bone marrow with the corresponding values for platelets. This indicates that despite an orderly increase in immature forms in the bone marrow, the number of platelets circulating in the blood is influenced by other additional factors, such as the expanded platelet pool in the enlarged spleen. The non-disproportionate expansion of megakaryocyte precursors extends previous findings on progenitor cells of this lineage in vitro, particularly in PTH. Histological evaluation of the bone marrow of patients with P. vera and PTH indicated that megakaryopoiesis proceeded to the production of appropriate mature forms with no obvious excess of very small or blastic elements.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Relationship between domoic acid levels in the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and toxicity in mice.
Monitoring of eastern blue mussels (Mytilus edulis), contaminated with domoic acid, involved mouse bioassays and quantitative analysis using HPLC. Mice undergo a typical scratching syndrome at sublethal as well as lethal doses of domoic acid. The onset of scratching behaviour and time of death in mice were inversely related to the dosage of domoic acid. An LD50 (i.p.) of 3.6 mg domoic acid/kg mouse was calculated. Toxic mussels held in tanks and flushed with uncontaminated sea water showed a decline in domoic acid concentration in mussel tissue with time. In addition, domoic acid concentrations in mussels from two infected rivers declined to negligible levels in 40-50 days under normal environmental conditions. The bulk of domoic acid and toxicity was located in the hepatopancreas which also contained large amounts of chlorophyll-A, an algae biomass indicator, relative to control mussels. These results support the conclusion that domoic acid was the primary causative factor in the shellfish poisonings from Prince Edward Island mussels in late 1987.
Animals↗
Interstudy reproducibility of dimensional and functional measurements between cine magnetic resonance studies in the morphologically abnormal left ventricle.
The validity of geometric formulas to derive mass and volumes in the morphologically abnormal left ventricle is problematic. Imaging techniques that are tomographic and therefore inherently three-dimensional should be more reliable and reproducible between studies in such ventricles. Determination of reproducibility between studies is essential to define the limits of an imaging technique for evaluating the response to therapy. Sequential cine magnetic resonance (MR) studies were performed on patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 11) and left ventricular hypertrophy (n = 8) within a short interval in order to assess interstudy reproducibility. Left ventricular mass, volumes, ejection fraction, and end-systolic wall stress were determined by two independent observers. Between studies, left ventricular mass was highly reproducible for hypertrophied and dilated ventricles, with percent variability less than 6%. Ejection fraction and end-diastolic volume showed close reproducibility between studies, with percent variability less than 5% End-systolic volume varied by 4.3% and 4.5% in dilated cardiomyopathy and 8.4% and 7.2% in left ventricular hypertrophy for the two observers. End-systolic wall stress, which is derived from multiple measurements, varied the greatest, with percent variability of 17.2% and 15.7% in dilated cardiomyopathy and 14.8% and 13% in left ventricular hypertrophy, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate that mass, volume, and functional measurements are reproducible in morphologically abnormal ventricles.
Adult↗
Pro-megakaryoblasts in bone marrow tissue from patients with primary (idiopathic) osteo-myelofibrosis (agnogenic myeloid metaplasia). An immunomorphometric study on trephine biopsies.
An immunomorphometric study was performed on bone marrow biopsies from 40 patients with primary osteomyelofibrosis--OMF, (agnogenic myeloid metaplasia) by employment of a monoclonal antibody against glycoprotein IIIa (Y2/51) to determine the number of pro-megakaryoblasts. Specimens from 15 individuals without any hematological disorder served as controls. With reference to the pertinent literature on megakaryocyte precursors and following a pilot study on corresponding smears, in tissue sections pro-megakaryoblasts were characterized by a size of 42.1 +/- 2.6 microns 2 (diameter 7.5 +/- 0.3 microns). In comparison with controls, in OMF no relevant increase in the number of pro-megakaryoblasts per square and cubic millimeter bone marrow was evaluable. The relative frequency of these precursors was significantly reduced due to an increase in the total amount of conspicuously large and abnormal megakaryocytes. Statistical analysis failed to reveal any correlations between counts for pro-megakaryoblasts or the total number of Y2/51--positive megakaryocytic elements with the density of argyrophilic fibers (determined by morphometry) or the platelet values. Our findings imply that in OMF the marked increase in circulating progenitor cells of the megakaryocyte lineage may be generated by extramedullary, probably splenic hematopoiesis. Moreover, the evolution of medullary fibrosis is thought to be associated with the striking predominance of large atypical, possibly overaged and hyperpolyploid megakaryocytes and not with an increase in precursor cells.
Aged↗
Effect of age on response of secondary hypertension to specific treatment.
There is substantial evidence to show that correction of the causes of secondary forms of hypertension usually but certainly not always restores blood pressure to normal. We have analyzed the effect of age on the response of the blood pressure to the removal of the cause of hypertension in groups of patients with primary aldosteronism, renovascular hypertension, Cushing's syndrome and hypothyroid hypertension. In the patients studied, surgical or medical elimination of the mechanism responsible for the hypertension when the patients were below the age of 40 reduced diastolic blood pressure 1 to 2 years later to below 90 mm Hg in 24 of 25 patients. In the patients who were treated when they were over 40 years of age, blood pressure remained above 90 mm Hg after corrective treatment in 23 of 61 individuals (38%). In the 4 groups studied there was a significant correlation between age and post-treatment systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure. The findings indicate the importance of correcting secondary hypertension at an early age.
Adult↗
Calcium inhibition of glycolysis contributes to ischaemic injury.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to confirm that [Ca2+]i and .[H+]i increase during ischaemia in hypertensive hearts but not in thyrotoxic hearts, and that the rise in [Ca2+]i and [H+]i inhibits glycolysis, causing a rise in phosphomonoester sugars and thereby influencing postischaemic recovery. DESIGN: Rats were made hypertensive by aortic banding and thyrotoxic by injection of L-thyroxine. [Ca2+]i was studied in isolated hearts by surface fluorometry assessing calcium dependent changes in the fluorescent dye INDO-1, while [pH]i and phosphomonoester sugars were studied by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Global ischaemia was carried out by turning off all flow to the heart for 30 min. Hearts were then reperfused for 30 min. SUBJECTS: 72 Sprague-Dawley rats, weight 500-600 g, were used. Left ventricular hypertrophy was generated by aortic banding in 36, half of which were treated with verapamil. Eighteen were injected with L-thyroxine and there were 18 controls. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: With all groups, developed pressure immediately declined after the onset of global ischaemia. During ischaemia the phosphomonoester sugars rose less in the hearts of thyrotoxic rats and the verapamil treated aortic constricted rats than in those of untreated aortic constricted and normal rats. During ischaemia there was no significant difference in [pH]i among the four groups. During ischaemia intracellular calcium rose least in thyrotoxic and verapamil treated aortic constricted rats, and most in untreated aortic constricted and normal rats. Intracellular calcium rose 10-15 min after the onset of ischaemia in verapamil treated pressure overload and control hearts; calcium rose immediately after the onset of ischaemia in the untreated aortic constricted hearts, but negligibly in hearts from thyroxine treated animals. Verapamil treatment of the aortic constricted hearts prevented the rise in intracellular calcium, and attenuated phosphomonoester sugar accumulation. Postischaemic recovery was complete in hearts in thyroxine treated and verapamil treated aortic constricted rats, but not in hearts from untreated aortic constricted and normal rats. Postischaemic recovery was inversely related to ischaemic diastolic [Ca2+]i and phosphomonoester sugar levels, but was not related to ischaemic values for [pH]i. CONCLUSIONS: Postischaemic recovery may depend on the ability of the cell to maintain mitochondrial activity as evidenced by oxygen consumption, thereby controlling the voltage of the cell, and influencing the ability of the myocardium to maintain its calcium homeostasis.
Animals↗
An immunomorphometric study on megakaryocyte precursor cells in bone marrow tissue from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).
An immunomorphometric study was performed on trephine biopsies of the bone marrow in 41 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) to determine number and size of megakaryocytic precursor cells (pro- and megakaryoblasts). For specific staining, a monoclonal antibody against platelet glycoprotein IIIa (Y2/51) was employed which is applicable on routinely fixed and paraffin embedded tissue. In comparison with control specimens from 15 patients, in CML morphometric analysis revealed an increase in the total amount of megakaryocytes per square and cubic millimeter marrow tissue, but particularly in patients with thrombocythemia. Moreover, a non-disorderly expansion of the megakaryocyte precursor pool was recognizable by showing a relative frequency of pro- and megakaryoblasts in congruence with the normal value. In this context a significant correlation between the counts for Y2/51-positive megakaryocytic elements and promegakaryoblasts with the corresponding platelet values was encountered. The more mature stages of megakaryopoiesis (pro- end megakaryocytes) disclosed a relevant shift to smaller cell forms with rounded cell perimeters and a more compact aspect of their nuclei. Additionally, in 6 patients with CML, evolution into a subacute and manifest (micro)-megakaryoblastic transformation accompanied by myelofibrosis could be demonstrated by a retrospective review of file material.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Normal left ventricular dimensions and function: interstudy reproducibility of measurements with cine MR imaging.
The authors evaluated the reproducibility of measurements of ventricular dimensions obtained with cine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performed on two occasions in 11 healthy subjects. Two reviewers analyzed the studies in a blinded fashion to determine interobserver and interstudy variability of measurements of left ventricular (LV) mass, volume, ejection fraction, and systolic wall stress. LV mass showed good reproducibility between studies, with 3.6% and 3.8% variability for LV end-systolic mass for the two observers. LV end-diastolic volume varied by 5.2% and 3.9%, and LV end-systolic volume, by 9.7% and 0.9%. Variability for LV ejection fraction was 5.0% and 4.9%. The largest interstudy variability was end-systolic wall stress, 11.1% and 13.5%, which was due mostly to changes in arterial pressure between the two studies. It is concluded that anatomic and functional measurements from cine MR images are reproducible between studies. The small interstudy variability is likely related to the fact the measurements are derived directly from cine MR images that encompass the entire heart rather than depend on measurements of only sample images and the use of geometric models.
Adult↗
Comparison of lingual vibrotactile suprathreshold numerical responses in men and women: effects of threshold shift during magnitude-estimation scaling.
The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in tactile sensory system function between men and women. This task was accomplished by studying the effects of possible tactile threshold shifts occurring during magnitude-estimation scaling of vibratory stimuli presented to the dorsal surface of the tongue. 12 men (M age = 19.7 yr.) and 12 women (M age = 19.3 yr.) participated. Analysis suggested that men and women have tactile sensory systems that operate similarly at both threshold and suprathreshold levels of stimulation. Men and women do, however, choose to use consistently different numerical responses to suprathreshold stimuli, suggesting that environmental and/or cultural-educational influences may be involved in numerical decision-making aspects of the scaling process.
Adolescent↗
A cost comparison of liver transplantation with FK 506 or CyA as the primary immunosuppressive agent.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
[Fine structure of megakaryocyte precursor cells (promegakaryoblasts) derived from smears and sections of bone marrow tissue in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and so-called primary osteomyelofibrosis with accompanying thrombocythemia].
An immunomorphometric study (antiglycoprotein III a - Y2/51) was performed on routinely processed trephine biopsies in 24 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) as well as so-called primary osteomyelofibrosis (OMF) to determine the frequency and fine structure of promegakaryoblasts (PMB). With respect to controls, there was a significant increase in megakaryocytes in both entities with an orderly expansion of the precursor subpopulation in CML, but a relative decrease in OMF. In comparison with smears of aspirates, sizes of PMB were reduced by about 25% (factor 1.4) in the corresponding bone marrow sections.
Bone Marrow↗
Epidemiology and treatment of gastric Campylobacter pylori infection: more questions than answers.
Two-hundred and ten consecutive patients undergoing routine gastroscopy were additionally investigated for evidence of Campylobacter pylori (C.p.). 106 patients were positive in one or more tests: 99.1% using a rapid urease detecting test (CLO-test), 80.2% histology, 78.3% cytology and 60% culture. We found no difference between the CLO-test results from biopsies taken from different parts of the stomach in individual patients. C.p. was found in 100% of patients with significant chronic antral gastritis, 67.7% with gastric ulcers, 65% with duodenal ulcers and in 12.1% of normal individuals. The C.p. infection was apparently eliminated in 50% of cases treated with bismuth subsalicylate (BSS) for four weeks. The combination of BSS with amoxicillin, tinidazole or an H2-receptor antagonist offered no advantage over BSS alone. Treatment with BSS led to improvement in symptoms and histological findings including healing of ulcers in patients with or without persistent C.p. infection. The recurrence of C.p. infection after apparently successful treatment was, however, 75% in 4 weeks. In conclusion, C.p. infection correlates strongly with the presence of chronic gastritis, and significantly with gastric and duodenal ulceration. The best diagnostic approach is the combination of a rapid urease detecting test and histology. C.p. infection is of long duration and difficult to eliminate. The most effective treatment for C.p. infection remains BSS as single agent.
Adolescent↗
[Differentiation of M. tuberculosis and M. avium complex using various monoclonal antibodies].
M. avium-complex (MAC) is the cause of the most bacterial infections in AIDS patients. Because of the high resistance of MAC, a rapid differentiation between M. tuberculosis and MAC is of great interest. In an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) we tested three monoclonal antibodies BS 103, BS 104, BS 113 and the combination of BS 103/BS 113, which bind selectively to the cell wall of M. tuberculosis. 98 MAC isolates from AIDS patients and 233 M. tuberculosis isolates from patients with lung disease were tested after primary culture of the bacteria on Lowenstein-Jensen media. ELISA could clearly discriminate MAC from M. tuberculosis with a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 98-100%. With these monoclonal antibodies the time for differentiation can be reduced by several weeks.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
An SV40 large T antigen binding site in the cellular genome is part of a cis-acting transcriptional element.
A genomic mouse DNA fragment (Q300), containing a high affinity binding site for SV40 large T antigen, serves as a cis-acting transcriptional element in in vivo and in in vitro studies. We have performed experiments to investigate whether bound T antigen could modulate the promoter-enhancer activity of the Q300 element. In vivo studies showed a negative effect of T antigen on the Q300 driven expression of the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase reporter gene. Band shift and DNAase I protection experiments demonstrated that T antigen and a nuclear protein, probably a CCAAT-binding factor, can simultaneously bind to closely adjacent sites on the Q300 DNA. Transcription studies in vitro showed that bound T antigen suppresses the transcriptional enhancer effect of the Q300 element. We interpret the results of these model studies to indicate that T antigen, bound to DNA, is able to affect the function of a cellular cis-acting transcriptional element. Bound T antigen may influence the activity of a cellular transcription factor at a closely adjacent DNA site.
Animals↗
Hepatoblastoma with familial polyposis coli: another case and corrected pedigree.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
The role of the kidney in carnitine metabolism.
The kidney plays a major role in carnitine biosynthesis, excretion and acylation. Unlike in the rat, human kidney contains all enzymes needed to form carnitine from trimethyllysine in activities exceeding those of the liver. This carnitine precursor is found to be increased in plasma of patients with chronic renal failure. Free carnitine formed in the kidney as well as carnitine reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate may be acylated in the proximal tubule. Isolated rat cortical tubule suspensions contain total carnitine concentrations of 2.85 mumols/g protein. During incubation over 60 min the acylcarnitine/carnitine ratio decreased, indicating deacylation of acylcarnitine in proximal tubules. Exogenous carnitine was acylated at a rate of 35 mumols/h.g protein. Besides pyruvate and acetate, ketone bodies stimulated the acylation rate severalfold, indicating that these substrates are a major source of acetyl-CoA for the acylation reaction. This may explain the higher acetylcarnitine/carnitine ratio found in urine under ketotic conditions.
Animals↗
Megakaryocyte precursors (promegakaryoblasts and megakaryoblasts) in the normal human bone marrow. An immunohistochemical and morphometric study on routinely processed trephine biopsies.
On routinely processed trephine biopsies of the normal human bone marrow derived from 15 patients, immunostaining with a monoclonal antibody against platelet glycoprotein IIIa (Y2/51) and morphometric measurements were performed for the determination of megakaryocyte precursor cells. Based on cell sizes and on comparison with (1) specimens stained by the periodic acid-Schiff reaction and (2) smears, the smallest elements clearly identifiable as belonging to the megakaryocyte series were classified as promegakaryoblasts. Promegakaryoblasts had a frequency of 1.7/sq mm and 140/cu mm of bone marrow and constituted about 8% of the total positively stained megakaryocytic elements; they were characterized by a size of 41.5 sq microns, a diameter of 7.7 microns, a high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (0.32) and a nearly circular outline of their nuclear and cellular perimeters.
Adult↗