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Biomedical subjects

S W Hartwell

Publications and source records attributed to S W Hartwell.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

The Massachusetts forensic transition program for mentally ill offenders re-entering the community.

On April 1, 1998, the Massachusetts Department of Mental Health established the forensic transition program for mentally ill offenders. The primary goal of the statewide program, which follows clients for three months after their release from correctional facilities, is to coordinate services and assist in community reintegration. In the first year of the program, 233 mentally ill offenders received services. Seventy-four clients had been discharged as of April 1, 1999. At discharge 42 of the 74 clients (57 percent) were living in the community and were receiving mental health services. The other clients were hospitalized immediately after release (20 percent), reincarcerated (10 percent), hospitalized after a brief stay in the community (3 percent), or lost to follow-up (11 percent).

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Treatment-seeking patterns of chronic recidivists.

Many substance abusers return to substance abuse treatment. This article uses the life-history interview method to explore why chronic substance abuse recidivists, from their perspective, repeatedly access substance abuse treatment programs. This approach reveals that their intentions for accessing treatment are not based on abstinence but rather in response to other, more immediate needs. Therefore, relapsing and returning to treatment is normative for chronic recidivists and patterned by their differential social and institutional associations.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Alcohol and drug abuse among Connecticut youth: implications for adolescent medicine and public health.

In 1995, a statewide survey of alcohol and other drug use was conducted in a random sample of approximately 4,000 7th to 12th graders in public schools in Connecticut. The survey, part of a statewide substance abuse treatment needs assessment, showed that use of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana was widespread and increasing, particularly among younger students. Connecticut's students reported higher rates of substance use compared to their peers nationwide. Substance use differed according to age, gender, ethnic background, and community type. It was estimated that almost 1-in-10 senior high school students should receive a diagnostic evaluation for substance abuse, with half likely to need a treatment referral. Most of these adolescents had not received treatment for their substance abuse. Primary-care physicians can play a key role in reducing adolescent substance abuse through prevention messages, screening for drug use, brief interventions, and timely referrals to appropriate intervention services.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Assessing the value of a short-term residential drug treatment program for homeless men.

Cocaine and other substance abuse has been found to be a contributing or primary cause of homelessness in urban men. This project evaluated the effectiveness of the Grant Street Partnership (GSP), a shelter-based treatment program for homeless, cocaine-abusing men, consisting of 90 days of residential treatment and 6 months of aftercare. We tested the hypothesis that the 182 men randomized to the GSP group, as compared to the 112 men randomized to a "usual services" group, would show significantly greater improvement over time in the areas of drug use and residential and economic stability. An 80% response rate was achieved overall for the five follow-up points. Cocaine use, defined as use of cocaine at least once in the prior 30 days, declined from about 90% at baseline for both groups to 11% in the GSP group and 55% in the control group at 21 months. The GSP group was also more likely than the usual services group to have achieved residential stability by the time of the 9 month follow-up. Neither group experienced an improvement over time in employment status.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Lateralization of zinc in rat brain and its relationship to a spatial behavior.

Essential metals are differentially accumulated within the brain and have been related to normal neurotransmitter metabolism. Hippocampal glutaminergic pathways have the highest zinc levels in the brain, and lesions to these pathways disrupt behaviors with a spatial component. Zinc distribution may thus reflect glutaminergic activity or innervation and may have functional consequences for spatial behavior. The present data support this hypothesis, indicating that the lateral distribution of zinc between the right and left hippocampus is strongly correlated with the spatial preference of the animal (r = + 0.72). Other parameters tested but shown not to be significantly correlated with spatial preference were zinc in corpus striatum and cortex, and copper in hippocampus corpus striatum and cortex.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Reconstruction of the breast after mastectomy for cancer.

Seventeen women who had had a mastectomy for cancer of the breast underwent reconstructions. Alloplastic implants were used in all. Preservation of the nipple and areola was possible in some of these patients. The normal (or uninvolved) breast sometimes required reduction in size or reshaping, to match as nearly as possible the reconstructed breast. The conditions suitable and unsuitable for mammary reconstruction, after mastectomy for cancer, are discussed.

Breast↗