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Biomedical subjects

S Victor

Publications and source records attributed to S Victor.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Aneurysm of the left atrial appendage.

A 43-year-old woman underwent excision of an aneurysm of the left atrial appendage, which had been causing cerebrovascular embolic episodes. We attribute the aneurysm to congenital dysplasia of the musculi pectinati in the left atrial appendage and of the bands of atrial muscle from which they arise. In Appendix I, we draw attention to the morphologically similar arrangements of inner and outer bands that emanate from a common transverse interatrial band and yield morphologically similar medial, descending, and ascending palm-leaf arrangements of musculi pectinati. In addition, we observe that the strap-like arrangements of musculi in both atria connect the outer band with the para-annular segment of the inner band. In Appendix II, we briefly review the literature concerning musculi pectinati and related bands.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Hemitricuspid dysplasia in association with ventricular septal defect.

The tricuspid valve essentially consists of a straight septal leaflet and a curved mural leaflet that includes the anterior and posterior leaflets. A plane bisecting the septal and anterior leaflets divides the chordopapillary support of the tricuspid valve into 2 groups. One group is related to the bulbar and adjacent perimembranous and sinus components of the interventricular septum. The other is related to the trabecular septum and the adjacent free wall. We report our surgical findings in 5 patients who had dysplasia of the leaflets and chordopapillary support related to the bulbar, perimembranous, and sinus portions of the interventricular septum, in conjunction with a perimembranous ventricular septal defect. Phylogenic, ontogenic, and surgical implications of this association are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Evolutionary anticipation of the human heart.

We have studied the comparative anatomy of hearts from fish, frog, turtle, snake, crocodile, birds (duck, chicken, quail), mammals (elephant, dolphin, sheep, goat, ox, baboon, wallaby, mouse, rabbit, possum, echidna) and man. The findings were analysed with respect to the mechanism of evolution of the heart.

Anatomy, Comparative↗
PubMed1999

Evolution of the ventricles.

We studied the evolution of ventricles by macroscopic examination of the hearts of marine cartilaginous and bony fish, and by angiocardiography and gross examination of the hearts of air-breathing freshwater fish, frogs, turtles, snakes, and crocodiles. A right-sided, thin-walled ventricular lumen is seen in the fish, frog, turtle, and snake. In fish, there is external symmetry of the ventricle, internal asymmetry, and a thick-walled left ventricle with a small inlet chamber. In animals such as frogs, turtles, and snakes, the left ventricle exists as a small-cavitied contractile sponge. The high pressure generated by this spongy left ventricle, the direction of the jet, the ventriculoarterial orientation, and the bulbar spiral valve in the frog help to separate the systemic and pulmonary circulations. In the crocodile, the right aorta is connected to the left ventricle, and there is a complete interventricular septum and an improved left ventricular lumen when compared with turtles and snakes. The heart is housed in a rigid pericardial cavity in the shark, possibly to protect it from changing underwater pressure. The pericardial cavity in various species permits movements of the heart-which vary depending on the ventriculoarterial orientation and need for the ventricle to generate torque or spin on the ejected blood- that favor run-off into the appropriate arteries and their branches. In the lower species, it is not clear whether the spongy myocardium contributes to myocardial oxygenation. In human beings, spongy myocardium constitutes a rare form of congenital heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Dilemmas in the management of rheumatic heart disease.

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a major health care problem in India and will continue to be so for few more decades. As there is no vaccine against RHD, it is difficult to control the disease. Besides RHD, most children have other preventable ailments as well. Hence the schools, specially for the poor, must act as primary and preventive health care centres. Prevention of RHD starts with school prophylaxis. Primary, secondary and tertiary prophylaxis play their roles afterwords. After the heart valves have been damaged, tertiary prevention might minimise further damage. For mitral stenosis, closed mitral valvotomy (CMV), open mitral valvotomy (OMV) and interventional mitral valvotomy (IMV) are the different options but none is curative. Valve replacement poses many problems and therefore valvotomy is deferred as far as possible. Mild or moderate mitral regurgitation (MR) is best treated medically. For more advanced disease repair or replacement is the option. For aortic stenosis (AS), valvotomy may be preferred to replacement wherever feasible and for aortic regurgitation (AR) repair is not yet well established. In combined mitral and aortic valve disease it is important to assess both the valves carefully and try to repair one or both the valves and to avoid double valve replacement as far as possible. Once the heart valve is damaged any treatment is palliative, hence all efforts should be directed towards prevention of RHD. Indian Medical Association can play a major role in this endeavour and help children in India to grow up free from RHD.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Bicuspidization for tricuspid stenosis.

Bicuspidization technique for rheumatic tricuspid stenosis based on the concept that the tricuspid valve has a straight (septal) and a curved (mural) leaflet is described. The fused commissures on either side of the septal leaflet are divided, resulting in separation of the two leaflets. The related anatomic and pathologic features are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

An anomalous muscle bundle inside the right atrium possibly related to the right venous valve.

The right and left venous valves of the sinoatrial orifice regulate the flow of blood from the sinus venosus to the atrium in pisces, amphibians, and reptiles. In aves, mammals and humans, the venous valve loses its hemodynamic function and hence has become the 'Cinderella' among heart valves, receiving attention only when congenital anomalies occur that are related to it. The right venous valve persists in humans as the crista terminalis, Eustachian and Thebesian valves. An intraluminal muscle band is described located inside the right atrium, and coursing in the line of the crista terminalis between the septum spurium and inferior vena cava. This abnormal band is possibly derived from the right venous valve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Health care costs.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1996

Comparative evaluation of cine-esophagogram with esophageal manometry in assessing esophageal motility in progressive systemic sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Esophageal manometry is considered the gold standard in the diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders. Cine-esophagogram using barium is also a good investigation to screen patients for motor disorders of the esophagus. Comparison between these two investigations has not often been reported in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). AIM: To determine relative merits of cine-esophagogram and esophageal manometry in detecting esophageal motor dysfunction in PSS patients. METHODS: Thirty-five patients with PSS irrespective of esophageal symptoms underwent esophageal manometry and cine-esophagogram, results and their were compared. RESULTS: Sensitivity and specificity of cine-esophagogram as compared to manometry were 96.1% (95% CI 88.7%-100%) and 55.5% (95% CI 23%-87.9%) respectively. Its positive predictive value was 86%. CONCLUSION: While esophageal manometry can identify esophageal motor disorder in PSS, cine-esophagogram can be resorted to in doubtful situations, for confirmation of diagnosis.

Adolescent↗