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Biomedical subjects

S Vallance

Publications and source records attributed to S Vallance.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Application of Doppler/ultrasound examination for varicose veins in a provincial hospital.

There are a number of different primary problems in patients presenting with varicose veins. Treatment needs to be appropriate to the different causes. Doppler/ultrasound examination of varicose veins can very accurately define almost all abnormalities that cause varicose veins, but this can be time consuming. Over 3 years' experience of the clinical application of colour Doppler/ultrasound investigation in the assessment of patients with varicose veins in a small general hospital is reported. The selection of patients and how improved understanding of the various presenting problems of patients examined may affect treatment are described. All surgeons with access to this technology are encouraged to include it in the investigation of their patients.

Hospitals, General↗
PubMed1993

Retrograde venography and colour Doppler imaging of a popliteal venous aneurysm.

Popliteal venous aneurysms are rare and usually manifest with formation of thrombus and embolization to the lungs. The radiological features of a popliteal venous aneurysm, without thrombus, initially identified by ultrasound with colour Doppler imaging and further investigated with retrograde venography is described.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Duodenectomy without pancreatectomy for extensive benign villous adenoma of the duodenum.

Villous adenomas of the duodenum are uncommon, but two have been treated recently in Blenheim. One of these was an extensive benign tumour involving most of the second part of the duodenum but causing no biliary tract obstruction. It was treated by pyloric sphincter-sparing duodenectomy without pancreatectomy, with repair by Roux loop to the bile and pancreatic ducts and proximal duodenum. This procedure does not appear to have been described previously.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Changes in plasma and buffy layer vitamin C following surgery.

Postoperative changes in plasma and buffy layer (BL) vitamin C were studied in 107 patients receiving either 0 (37 patients), 100 mg (33 patients) or 500 mg (37 patients) vitamin C supplements daily. In patients receiving no supplement plasma vitamin C concentrations had fallen (mean 33 per cent) by the first postoperative day and thereafter changed little. The falls occurred irrespective of initial plasma concentration, were greater the higher the initial concentration, but tended to be proportional to the length of operation. In patients given supplements this loss of vitamin C was evident but modified, and from the second postoperative day the response to the supplements was as would have been expected in non-operated subjects. The most probable explanation for the loss of vitamin C from plasma was an increased urinary excretion during operation. Changes in BL vitamin C concentrations were studied in relation to changes in leucocyte and platelet counts. The previously reported postoperative falls in BL vitamin C were found to be the result of a major artefact in the methods routinely used for BL vitamin C estimation, caused by changes in the leucocyte and platelet populations, most importantly the platelet to leucocyte ratio. No true demand for vitamin C, as measured from the buffy layer cells, was evident.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1986

Platelets, leucocytes and buffy layer vitamin C after surgery.

The changes in buffy layer (BL) vitamin C concentration following surgical operations were studied in relation to changes in the leucocyte and platelet counts. It was found that the postoperative fall and subsequent changes in BL vitamin C concentration corresponded to changes in the platelet/leucocyte ratio (PLR) in whole blood and consequently in the buffy layer preparations from which vitamin C concentrations were measured. The results of the study showed that the fall in BL vitamin C measured following operations is an artifact of the method used rather than a demand for vitamin C. It highlights the importance of measuring the PLR, and suggests the need for a differential leucocyte count, when undertaking BL vitamin C analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Antiseptic vs. saline lavage in purulent and faecal peritonitis.

A prospective randomized trial compared antiseptic solutions and normal saline as a means of preventing morbidity and mortality from residual sepsis in patients with generalized peritonitis. Fifty-three patients, all given broad-spectrum antibiotics, were entered into the study. Twenty patients received a saline lavage, 19 lavage with chlorhexidine-gluconate and 14 a saline lavage with instillation of povidone-iodine. All deaths were due either to the severity of the presenting disease or co-existing complicating conditions. The incidence of postoperative pyrexia, wound infection and duration of hospital stay of the surviving patients were unaffected by lavage grouping.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Pilonidal fistulas mimicking fistulas-in-ano.

Four pilonidal fistulas which were initially diagnosed as fistulas-in-ano are reported. Only one perianal pilonidal fistula and four perineal pilonidal sinuses have previously been reported. It is suggested that they are more common than the literature suggests and should be excluded when patients present with symptoms of fistula-in-ano.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Importance of adding neomycin to metronidazole for bowel preparation.

A prospective randomized trial has investigated whether it is necessary to add oral neomycin to oral metronidazole as a means of preventing sepsis in elective colonic resection. Seventy-three patients completed the study; 41 received metronidazole and placebo neomycin and 32 received metronidazole and active neomycin. There was a significant reduction in the incidence of wound infection in patients receiving neomycin and metronidazole (22%) compared with metronidazole alone (51%, P<0.02). There was also a significant reduction in anaerobic infections in the group receiving metronidazole and neomycin compared with metronidazole alone (P<0.05). These results indicate that oral metronidazole alone is of no benefit for patients requiring elective colonic operations and that if oral metronidazole is advised it should always be given in combination with oral neomycin.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Leucocyte ascorbic acid and the leucocyte count.

1. During the course of a nutritional survey on an Antarctic base, leucocyte ascorbic acid estimations (Denson & Bowers, 1961) were found to be significantly affected (P less than 0.0001) by the leucocyte count measured during analysis. 2. The effect was significantly less (P less than 0.05) when leucocyte levels were at or near saturation than when subsaturated. 3. This suggests that leucocytes share available ascorbic acid, especially in subsaturated subjects, and that assessment of nutritional status from the leucocyte ascorbic acid level should take account of the leucocyte count and the plasma ascorbic acid titre.

Adult↗