Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Valenti

Publications and source records attributed to S Valenti.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Anesthesia and nanism. Apropos of 2 cases].

The authors describe the favourable outcome of general anaesthesias in a female patient with achondroplastic dwarfism and in another patient with dystrophic dwarfism. In the first patient the gall-bladder was removed and a plastic reconstruction of the diaphragm was carried out. In the second patient a Girdlestone's operation was performed. The difficulty of intubation of the dystrophic dwarf due to stiffness of the cervical spine suggested a procedure of intubation under fibroscopy. The doses of agents and the size of the tracheal tubes were calculated on the basis of the patients weight and the controlled ventilation was carried out after determining the current volume and the respiratory frequency in the awaken patient.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMed1985

Bronchial provocation tests with RAST-standardized allergens and dosimetric technique.

58 patients with proven allergic asthma (positive prick and RAST) were challenged with allergen extracts dosed in RAST arbitrary units; 14 of them were rechallenged after some months to evaluate the reproducibility of results; 41 underwent also a nonspecific challenge with methacholine. The results of the specific bronchial provocation test were well reproducible, with similar coefficients of variation for both early and late reactions. The specific bronchial provocation test was found to be more related to the allergic status, as reflected by specific IgE levels, than to nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity, as reflected by response to methacholine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy in sarcoidosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis.

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) in the same endoscopic session were performed in 44 patients: 20 were affected by active sarcoidosis (AS), 15 by inactive sarcoidosis (IS) and nine by extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA). Compared with 12 healthy controls, in EAA and AS patients the total number of cells and the percentage of lymphocytes were increased both in smokers and non-smokers. TBLB showed sarcoid granulomata in 15 AS and six IS patients, interstitial fibrosis in four AS and seven IS patients, and normal lung tissue in two IS patients. In EAA, TBLB revealed granulomata or mononuclear infiltrates in four patients and fibrosis in a further four. Regarding the correlation between TBLB and BAL, sarcoid granulomata were more frequently found in patients with AS, as reflected by the increased number of lymphocytes in BAL. The procedure produced no significant complications.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1981

The influence of thiopentone and alfathesin on succinylcholine-induced fasciculations and myalgias.

Thiopentone doses corresponding to 5.238 mg x kg-1, that is 2UD95 (UD95:unconsciousness dose 95) inhibit the intensity of succinylcholine-induced fasciculations compared with UD95. Alfathesin doses corresponding to 0.570 mg x kg-1, also 2UD95 (calculated as alphaxalone at a concentration of 9 mg/ml in alfathesin), do not have any greater effect on the degree of fasciculations compared to UD95. Furthermore, neither induction agent influences the incidence, distribution and duration of succinylcholine-induced myalgias. The inhibition of the degree of fasciculations caused by thiopentone is believed to be a consequence of a postsynaptic depressant effect of thiopentone at the neuromuscular junction. The evaluation of the degree of succinylcholine-induced fasciculations must take into consideration the dose of thiopentone administered at induction of anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Influence of acupuncture on the postoperative complications following ketamine anesthesia. The importance of manual stimulation of point R and shen menn.

The Authors have investigated the antihallucinogenic and sedative effects of auricular points R and shen menn during surgery under ketamine anesthesia. The results demonstrate that the insertion of the needle in point R is very efficient in reducing hallucinations of ketamine emergence, while the insertion of needle in auricular point shen menn causes only a brief period of sedation in the beginning of the emergence period. The acupunctural technique employed by the Authors has been shown to increase considerably approbation of ketamine anesthesia.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1980

Comparison between intracutaneous and prick tests in detecting sensitizations to common Mediterranean allergens.

The role of the intracutaneous test (IC) in clinical allergy routine was evaluated comparing its results with those from the prick test, the radioallergosorbent test (RAST), and the specific bronchial provocation test (BPT). The study was carried out making an a posteriori survey of 384 patients suffering from symptoms of perennial and seasonal rhinitis and/or bronchial asthma. They were tested with the most common allergens in the Mediterranean countries; 681 prick tests and 489 IC tests were compared with RAST and 69 with BPT. The IC tests showed disagreement with RAST and BPT more frequently than prick tests: this is attributable to a lesser degree of specificity of IC test performed with the usual concentrations, and depends on the nature of the allergens. On the other hand the prick test is no less sensitive than the IC test, being the occurrence of RAST positivity in patients with negative skin tests similar for the prick and IC tests. These results support the concept of the prick test as preferable with respect to the IC test because of its specificity and sensitivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical experience with althesin].

On the basis of the clinical records of experiments on 110 patients treated with Althesin as induction and maintenance anaesthetic in association or otherwise with other anaesthetics, it is concluded that Althesin possesses good hypnotic power and is compatible with other anaesthetics. It also offers fair stability of cardiocirculatory and respiratory values with slight incidence of unwanted side-effects. Althesin is therefore classed among the safest anaesthetics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Comparison of the effect of premedication with diazepam and trazodone on anesthesia induced with althesin].

Interference on the part of premedication with diazepam and trazodone with althesin anaesthesia was investigated and compared by means of variance analysis according to Fisher, and the X2c test according to Yates, in 150 patients aged 35-45 yr in three groups of 50 during examination of the uterine cavity. No marked difference between the effects of the two drugs were noted, with two exceptions: 1) trazodone was better able to potentiate the hypnotic action of althesin, so that less was needed for the induction of anaesthesia; 2) patients pretreated wih diazepam displayed a marked increase in postoperative somnolence, this being an expression of the drug's hypnotic effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Althesin in cesarean section].

The effects of Althesin (group A) and thiopentone (group B) in mother and newborn were compared after their use in the induction of narcosis in 80 patients undergoing Caesarean section. The mean doses of Althesin (0.072 ml/kg i.v.) and thiopentone (4.1 mg/kg i.v.) proved sufficient to guarantee rapid onset of sleep (about 20 seconds) in both groups. As of cardiovascular effects on the mother in the induction-extraction period, greater stability of cardiac frequency (c.f.) was noted with thiopentone, while Althesin produced rapid, frequent variations in c.f. The reverse phenomenon was observed with respect to arterial pressure variations. The clinical condition of the newborns at 1st, 3rd and 5th minutes after extraction, assessed by means of the Apgar index, was excellent in both groups of patients. Results obtained were assessed by analysing variance with the Fisher test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Transbronchial lung biopsy with fiberoptic bronchoscope.

Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBB) was performed during fiberoptic bronchoscopy under fluoroscopic guidance in 133 patients with diffuse or peripherally localized lung diseases without endobronchial lesions. Histological diagnosis consistent with the clinical course and roentgenographic appearance was obtained in 96 patients (72%). In four cases specimens were inadequate for histological evaluation (3%). In 33 cases a diagnosis was not possible even though the specimens were adequate for histological examination. The low complication rate in this series seems due to the selection of patients and the technique used.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1976

[Primary malignant tumors of the pleura. Pleural Mesothelioma (P.M.)].

The clinical overture, symptomatology and morphoradiological picture of a personal series of primary pleural tumours (70 mesothelioma and 1 fibrosarcoma) are described. Conventional and more recent instrumental, cytohistological and bioptic methods of diagnosis are explained, with particular reference to pioneering experience gained with fibropleuroscopy in the Genoa Clinical Department. While dependable diagnosis can now be virtually assured, surgical and pneumological management holds out few prospects of success.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Biopsies in pneumology: pleuroscopies-biopsies].

From already published cases and from those recently obtained (511 in all) the authors recollect their experience in lung biopsy : in 426 cases, a precise diagnosis was made by different methods. After having statistically analyzed the validity of pleuropulmonary multipuncture by comparison with pleuroscopy-biopsy, they underlined the necessity to use, in the latter technique, a flexible fibroscope, much used in bronchoscopy. They conclude in classifying the indications for each method in relation to the topography and the type of disease.

Biopsy↗