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Biomedical subjects

S Vaidyanathan

Publications and source records attributed to S Vaidyanathan.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Standardization and demonstration of antibody-coated Candida in urine by direct immunofluorescence test.

Acetone, carbontetrachloride, ethyl alcohol, mixture of ethyl alcohol and acetone, and heat were assessed for fixative property for direct immunofluorescent (IF) staining of antibody-coated Candida cells. The results indicated that ethyl alcohol was the most suitable fixative for the test. Antisera containing 16 units of Candida albicans type A agglutinin were found essential to get optimal detectable fluorescence of antibody-coated yeast cells. IF test showed cross reactivity between the yeasts of C. albicans and C. tropicalis. However, there was no cross reactivity with the conidia of A. flavus. The direct IF test could demonstrate antibody-coated yeast cells and pseudomycelia in deposits of urine in the direct smear. It correlated well with microscopy and culture studies. At times, it could demonstrate the antibody-coated yeasts earlier than routine significant culture. It could also differentiate the significant from non-significant fungal isolates from urine.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1986

Vesical calculi associated with vesicovaginal fistulas: management considerations.

Vesical calculi were detected in 5 patients with a vesicovaginal fistula. Of these patients 3 had undergone unsuccessful repair of the fistula previously. The predisposing factors for vesical calculous formation in patients with a vesicovaginal fistula in whom urine leaks continuously into the vagina and urinary stasis does not occur in the bladder, as in patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction or bladder outlet obstruction, are a foreign body (for example nonabsorbable suture material used during previous surgery), incrustation around an indwelling catheter and infection. The vesical calculus is removed transvaginally after enlarging the fistula by a vertical incision at the 6 o'clock position. The incised edges do not usually bleed because of fibrosis and scar formation, and they need not be approximated at that operation. Indwelling catheter drainage is not necessary after transvaginal cystolithotomy in this situation. This operation is preferable to suprapubic cystolithotomy, which may lead to more morbidity from urine leakage in the retropubic space and subsequent fibrosis, in addition to producing bladder scarring, hindering any future reconstructive surgery requiring the use of vesical flaps. Transvaginal cystolithotomy is contraindicated when the fistula is situated close to the bladder neck (for fear of damaging the bladder neck and the vesical continence mechanism) or when the stone is large. Repair of the fistula is undertaken after an interval of 3 months to allow for resolution of stone-induced edema and friability of the vesical wall.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Intravesical irrigation with alum for the control of massive bladder hemorrhage.

Continuous vesical irrigation with 1 per cent alum solution was performed without anesthesia in 9 patients in whom massive bladder hemorrhage persisted despite evacuation of clots and normal saline irrigation for at least 24 hours. Hematuria ceased promptly in all patients, although the effect was transient in 3. No side effect was observed. Biopsy of the tumor subsequent to alum irrigation showed no alteration in the histological characteristics. Biopsy of the normal-appearing bladder mucosa also showed no evidence of epithelial damage. Ultrastructure of the tumor in 1 patient in whom transurethral resection was performed 2 weeks after alum irrigation revealed well preserved nuclear chromatin, thus, suggesting that whatever changes occur after alum irrigation are short-lived.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Non-operative management of extra-peritoneal rupture of the urinary bladder in a tetraplegic patient.

A 65-year-old male sustained a cervical spine injury and simultaneous extraperitoneal rupture of the urinary bladder. Because of co-existent severely impaired respiratory function the vesical rupture was managed conservatively and bladder drainage was provided by a 24 Fr. indwelling urethral catheter. Serial cystograms performed at 4, 7 and 9 weeks post-injury showed complete healing by 63 days. We suggest that non-operative management of vesical rupture should be considered in selected patients with associated serious other body system involvement.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Circle cystostomy: technical considerations.

Our experience of 30 selected cases in whom circle cystostomy was used for postoperative drainage of the urinary bladder is described. Technical details and considerations used in the preferential selection of this method of urinary drainage over the standard balloon catheter (Foley) drainage are discussed.

Drainage↗
PubMed1983

Possible use of indoramin in patients with chronic neurogenic bladder dysfunction.

Indoramin, which has great selectivity for alpha-1-receptors, was administered orally for 10 days to 21 patients with urinary retention or residual urine caused by neurogenic vesicourethral dysfunction. After indoramin therapy 17 patients were able to empty the bladder with residual urine less than 50 ml. There was a significant decrease in the maximum urethral pressure (23.87 plus or minus 4.13 cm. water) and in the functional profile length (0.53 plus or minus 0.19 cm.). A diminution in the sphincter electromyography activity was observed in 3 patients. Two paraplegics who were investigated during spinal shock could not achieve voiding after indoramin therapy. However, involuntary urine leakage associated with a change of posture occurred in 2 patients but subsided after the dosage of indoramin was decreased. No other side effect was observed. It may be desirable to use drugs with selective action upon alpha-1-receptors since blockade of noradrenergic autoreceptors (alpha-2) also by nonspecific alpha-adrenoceptor blocking agents, namely phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine and so forth, causes the overflow of norepinephrine, which would produce symptoms such as tachycardia by stimulating beta-receptors.

Adolescent↗